Анализ характера течения металла при изготовлении авиационных панелей из различных групп алюминиевых сплавов методами изотермической штамповки

Abstract

The article discusses the results of studies of the features of the formation of shape defects that occur during the manufacture of aircraft panels, shells and other finned parts from aluminum alloys under conditions of isothermal forging and forging in a state of superplasticity. The formation of defects in the manufacture of panels from various groups of aviation aluminum materials, in particular from alloys based on the Al – Mg system, alloys based on the Al – Mg – Si – Cu system, aluminum alloys of the Al – Zn – Mg – Cu system and alloys of the Al – Mg – Li. The mechanisms of the formation of such shape defects that occur during the production of aircraft panels by isothermal stamping are determined as: a sink on the back side of the panel web in the subcostal space, a rupture of the material of the product in the area of the articulation of the rib and the panel web at the final stages of deformation, the formation of a clamp on the side surface of the rib, the appearance of retracted in the body of the product oxide captivity in the central part of the rib. The dependences of the formation of all the previously mentioned defects on the conditions of the temperature-rate parameters of the deformation process are analyzed. Models of the nature of the metal flow during filling of the die cavity at various temperature-speed parameters of deformation are constructed. It has been established that the nature of the metal flow when filling the die cavity depends on a number of parameters, namely: the thickness of the web of the original slab, the temperature conditions of deformation, the speed conditions of deformation, the ratio of the thickness of the rib and the web of the original slab, the ratio of the height of the rib and the web of the original slab. As a result of the research, the parameters of the processes of deformation of aluminum alloys for the manufacture of defect-free parts of aviation equipment were determined under the conditions of minimizing the consumption rates of basic materials.