Создание картографической базы данных и веб-сервиса «Конвективные опасные метеорологические явления на территории Центрального федерального округа»

Abstract

Hazardous convective weather events (HCWE), such as heavy rainfall, large hail, squalls and tornadoes, are one of the substantial sources of natural emergencies in Russia. The territory of the Central Federal District (CFD) is characterized by the highest population density in Russia. On the one hand, this leads to increased risks associated with HCWE, but on the other hand, it provides the possibilities for collecting the most detailed information on them (including the events missed by the observation network and reported based on damage assessment). In this study, we consider the structure and information content of the GIS database of HCWE for the territory of the CFD. The main advantage of the developed database comparing with existing analogues is its structure, which includes information on both the events themselves and their consequences, and the conditions of their occurrence. This includes, in particular, the characteristics of meso-scale convective systems (convective storms) based on the images from meteorological satellites and diagnostic variables characterizing the atmospheric environments according to the data from ERA-5 and CFS reanalysis systems. Also, the developed database is associated with previously published databases on tornadoes in Northern Eurasia and large-scale windthrow events in European Russia. At present, we compiled the data on more than 2,000 cases of HCWE in the CFD for the period 2001–2020, most of which were reported based on damage assessment. The open-source PostgreSQL DBMS is used to manage and edit the database. Open access to the database on the Internet is implemented through an online web map service available at http://convective-storms.psu.ru/.