Abstract
Improving the efficiency of fertilizers used, growth stimulants, taking into account the active phases of culture development remains relevant. The purpose of our study is to identify the impact of calculated doses of nutrients, pre-sowing seed treatment and treatment of vegetative plants with a growth stimulant on the productivity of spring soft wheat. Field experiments and laboratory studies were conducted in 2019-2021 on gray forest soils of Agrobiotechnopark LLC of Kazan State Agrarian University. The scheme of the field experiment involved the study of the following options: mineral fertilizers (factor A) - without fertilizers (0); calculated dose for grain yield 3.5 t/ha (N36P23K35); calculated dose for grain yield 4.5 t/ha (N94P83K77); growth stimulants (factor B) - seed treatment with Vial Trust 0.5 l/t; seed treatment with Vial Trust 0.5 l/t + spraying of plants in the tillering phase Stimax Growth 1 l/ha; seed treatment with Vial Trust 0.5 l/t and Stimaks 0.5 l/t + spraying of plants in the tillering phase Stimaks Growth 1 l/ha; seed treatment with Vial Trust 0.5 l/t and Stimax 0.5 l/t + spraying plants in the tillering phase Stimax Growth 1 l/ha + spraying plants in the booting phase Nutrivant Plus 2 kg/ha. The survival of plants on an unfertilized background was 57.7...62.0%, N36P23K35 - 62.5...67.2%, N94P83K77 - 71.8...79.8%. The complex effect of the disinfectant and growth stimulants in the treatment of seeds and plants in the tillering and booting phases ensured an increase in the survival of plants on an unfertilized background by 4.3%, against the background of N36P23K35 - by 4.7%, against the background of N94P83K77 - by 8.0% . The average wheat yield of the Ulyanovska 105 variety on an unfertilized background was 3.21 t/ha, N36P23K35 - 3.69 t/ha, N94P83K77 - 4.28 t/ha. The combined use of growth stimulants in the treatment of seeds and plants in the tillering and booting phases was accompanied by an increase in wheat yield by 4.7, 5.1 and 7.0%, respectively.
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