Флористичне різноманіття парку-пам’ятки садово-паркового мистецтва місцевого значення «Парк-сквер» (м. Чернівці, Соборна площа)

Abstract

The results of floristic diversity research of the park-monument of landscape art of local value «Park-square» (Chernivtsi, Soborna Square) are presented. Taxonomic composition of natural (18 species, 15 genera) and cultivated (23 species, 22 genera) park’s dendroflora is established. Predominance of introduced woody plants in «Park-square’s» dendroflora, most of which originate from Circumboreal floristic region, was revealed. Less represented regions are East-Asian (20%) and Atlantic-North-American (17%). The North American plants Acer negundo L and Robinia pseudoacacia L are invasive and belong to the group of highly active species. The park’s lawns belong to the alliance Polygono-Coronopodion Sissingh 1969 of the class Polygono-Poеtea annuae Rivas-Mart. 1975. According to the synphytoindicational analysis, these communities are mesophytic, hemihydrocontrastphilic, hemiaerophobic, subacidophilous, semieutrophic, acarbonphilic, nitrophilous. Park’s edaphic conditions are favourable for the distribution of 17 species of alien plants xenophytes, 12 of which are invasive in the region. In the group of alien plants, kenophytes are predominant according to the time of entry, epecophytes – according to the degree of naturalization, American species - according to the origin, terrophytes prevail in the spectrum of biomorphs, and Asteraceae family ranks first according to taxonomic identification – 7 species, 6 genera. These species are found as single ones, and therefore have no negative impact on the composition and structure of park’s phytocenosis cultures, except for a quarantine allergic species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., that causes human respiratory disease. Hence, the inventories of the variety of region’s nature reserves and popularization of knowledge about dangerous introduced and alien plants is the priority task of scientists and law enforcement officers.