ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ЛАНДШАФТНО-КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЙ ПРИАЗОВЬЯ В СРЕДНЕМ И ПОЗДНЕМ ГОЛОЦЕНЕ, "Известия Российской академии наук. Серия географическая"

Abstract

The article presents the results of the pollen analysis of the marine sediments of the Azov Sea. Conducted research of subrecent pollen spectra of surface sediment layer is allowed to form an idea of the character of vegetation cover of the coast. The composition and ratio of the main spectrum components agree well with the structure of the surrounding steppe communities, which indicates the prospectivity of the method for regional paleoreconstructions. According to the obtained radiocarbon data, the studied marine sediments were formed during the last 6500 calendar years BP. In the pollen spectra of most columns, there is a high content of pollen of herbaceous plants (80% on average). The group of grasses is dominated by pollen of Chenopodiaceae, Artemisia and Poaceae, in addition, there is a permanent presence of pollen grains of indicative species of dry steppe communities (Ephedra, Plumbaginaceae). However, vegetation cover and climate did not remain constant. A set of phases had been revealed for the last 6500 calendar years BP, namely, 6200–5700, 5500–4000, 3200–2500, 1800–1500, and 650–150 calendar years ago BP, characterized by a significant increase in the amount of pollen of tree species (up to 40%). During these phases, probably, there was the expansion of the area occupied by the forest vegetation in valleys of large rivers under more humid climatic conditions.