Универсальный метод структурного синтеза и построения полного атласа многоконтурных ортогональных структур самоустанавливающихся рычажных механизмов в машиностроении

Abstract

The paper considers theory and practice of structural synthesis, classification of assembly and construction of a complete atlas of the new class multi-loop mechanisms, where the multi-hinge linkages are made with all hinges positioned on the same line, such mechanisms are called the orthogonal mechanisms. Original universal method is proposed for structural synthesis of these multi-hinge linkage mechanisms with a given large number of independent closed loops in the kinematic chain to create a variety of mechanisms with the given different number of degrees of freedom of their drive. Using this method to create new efficient multilink mechanisms does not require introduction of complex computer programs and consideration of tens of thousands of the Assur groups in order to build complete atlases in closed chains of the parallel structure mechanisms reliably not containing any harmful redundant links. This makes it possible to solve the problem of structural synthesis of the self-adjusting orthogonal mechanisms, including both single and multiple hinged joints of the lever links. Based on the orthogonal structural synthesis proposed algorithm, a complete atlas of 20 non-isomorphic three-circuit orthogonal eight-link basic kinematic chains was constructed for the first time, which formed the basis for synthesizing 27 new schemes of single-moving flat hinged mechanisms with simple hinges. This increases the possible composition of their database to 180 closed structures. Effectiveness of the proposed universal synthesis method is confirmed by examples of inventions of various multi-loop orthogonal self-adjusting lever mechanisms and manipulators of the parallel structure.