Изучение функциональной адаптации зрительной системы в условиях экспериментальных режимов искусственной гравитации, создаваемой на центрифуге короткого радиуса

Abstract

Purpose. To evaluate the functional adaptation of the visual system in the conditions of experimental modes of artificial gravity created on a short-radius centrifuge. Materials and methods. The study involved 9 healthy volunteers (9 eyes) aged 31.2±6 years. Each test person has passed 3 rotations on the short-radius centrifuge. The current factor in the tests was the overloads in the direction of ≪head-pelvis≫. Rotations were carried out in three modes, further conditionally designated ≪Mode 1≫, ≪Mode 2≫, ≪Mode 3≫ (maximum value of overloads at feet level up to 2.0; 2.4 and 2.9 G, respectively). Before and after each rotation the subjects underwent refractometry, determined pupil diameter, intraocular pressure and hydrodynamic parameters of the eye, evaluated hemodynamics in the vessels of the eye, orbit and i nternal carotid artery. Results. Intraocular pressure after the rotation in the modes 1 and 2 did not change, in the mode 3 – decreased by 1.0 mmHg according to tonometry (p=0.024), according to tonography by 2.8 mmHg (p=0.007) which correlated with a decrease in the rate of intraocular fluid production by 0.67 mm 3 (p=0.046). After rotation in the mode 1 the blood flow rate in the internal carotid artery and the ophthalmic artery did not change, in the mode 2 the final diastolic blood flow rate in the internal carotid artery decreased by 2.6 cm/s (p=0.011), in the ophthalmic artery did not change, in the mode 3 the blood flow rate in the internal carotid artery did not change, in the ophthalmic artery – increased by 9.5 cm/s (p=0.015). Conclusions. Changes hemo- and ophthalmo-hydrodynamics in healthy subjects are within normal limits, which suggest that the visual system has wide possibilities of functional adaptation to the conditions of experimental modes of artificial gravity.