Етіологія ензоотичної пневмонії свиней та стратегії боротьби з нею в фермерських господарствах Запорізької та Полтавської областей

Abstract

Porcine enzootic pneumonia is a multifactorial disease, it leads to large and significant economic losses in pig farms and it remains a relevant veterinary problem. The involvement of new etiological agents in the association of pathogens and the constantly changing conditions on the farms lead to the fact that previously developed control schemes and methods of disease lost their effectiveness. Therefore, the identification of all the infectious agents that make up the association, as well as the concomitant factors that led to the occurrence of the disease in each case is the only correct way to control measures. When we studied the situation in pig farms in the south and in the central region of Ukraine, we found that mycoplasmas were the main etiological agent for Porcine enzootic pneumonia. We noted that mycoplasmosis as a monoinfection was recorded only in 9-12 % of cases. In most outbreaks Mycoplasmas were only members of associations along with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome infection (6%), Type 2 Circovirus infection (6%), enterbacterias (19%) and pasterellas (59%). The course of the disease was also aggravated by the stress of early weaning of piglets and violations of the conditions of feeding and animal welfare. The most difficult enzootic pneumonia occurred in those farms where mycoplasmosis and pasteurellosis were exacerbated by the presence of pathogens of actinobacillus pleuropneumonia. In such farms the average daily weight gain decreased in piglets by a third and feed consumption increased to 28 %. Piglets on affected farms were ill with obvious respiratory clinical signs. And 82% of dead or killed piglets had signs of fibrinous pleuropneumonia or catarrhal pneumonia. In those farms where we recorded associated respiratory infections, we also found reproductive-neonatal infections of pigs. In such farms treatment and prophylactic measures using traditional antimicrobial special remedies and monovaccines, did not give the expected effect. We proposed the use of autovaccines for associated enzootic pneumonia.