Abstract
This study analyses EU and Lithuanian documents on countering disinformation/fake news to present the plurality of the Union’s approaches to ensuring resilience. Currently, there are three approaches to the problem in the EU. The first one, used by the European Commission, is the recognition of citizens’ right to information as well as of the need to promote critical thinking and information literacy. This approach fits into the adaptive paradigm of action in the information space and the concept of autopoietic resilience. The second approach, taken by the European External Action Service, is to expose fake news and the media spreading it. In combining adaptive and paternalistic paradigms of action in the information space, this approach employs a more static interpretation of resilience. Lithuania has adopted a third approach, which is dominated by the paternalistic paradigm and homeostatic resilience. This approach consists of the state isolating citizens from certain information. Thus, the popular use of the term ‘resilience’ in the EU disguises the plurality of approaches to both disinformation and resilience itself. Theoretically, this study draws on the concept of resilience and paradigms for countering disinformation/fake news. Methodologically, it relies on critical discourse analysis. The article suggests several possible causes of intra-EU differences in countering disinformation/fake news/propaganda and interpreting resilience
Highlights
The phenomenon of fake news (FN) was brought to the fore by the with drawal of the UK from the European Union (EU) and the 2016 US presiden tial election
Y. 2020, Disinformation as a threat to resilience: approaches used in the EU and its member state Lithuania, Balt
To attain the goal of the study, the following objectives are set: 1) to identify approaches to disinformation and how they relate to the concept of resilience; 2) to demon strate the plurality of definitions of disinformation (FN, propaganda) at the level of the EU and Lithuania; 3) to describe approaches to increasing the resilience of the EU and Lithuania to disinformation (FN, propaganda); 4) to summarise the differences and similarities of the approaches adopted by the EU and Lithuania
Summary
DISINFORMATION (FAKE NEWS, PROPAGANDA) AS A THREAT TO RESILIENCE: APPROACHES USED IN THE EU AND ITS MEMBER STATE LITHUANIA. This study analyses EU and Lithuanian documents on countering disinformation/fake news to present the plurality of the Union’s approaches to ensuring resilience. Y. 2020, Disinformation (fake news, propaganda) as a threat to resilience: approaches used in the EU and its member state Lithuania, Balt. This article aims to outline the plurality of approaches to ensuring resilience to disinformation (FN, propaganda) as presented in the documents of the EU and its member state Lithuania. The Lithuanian approach to countering information threats to resilience consists of tarnishing the image of Russian mass media and blocking informa tion generated by them. Lithuania’s approach is not an exceptional case in the EU [22]
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