Abstract
Non-alcoholic metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is the most common liver sickness linked with the high risk of hepatic and extrahepatic complications. The article provides an overview of changes in the nomenclature of this disease, analysis of risk factors for its development and the results of own research. The aim of the study was to estimate the clinical significance of steatometry (CAP function) by Fibroscan and cardiometabolic factors in assessing the risk of steatohepatitis development. Material and methods. Patients with hepatic steatosis accompanied by metabolic disorders were examined. Steatometry as well as routine physical and laboratory examination, including biochemical blood tests and abdominal ultrasound were provided. Statistical analysis included χ2 test, Spearman's rank correlation test, Student's t-test, Mann–Whitney test, multiple linear regression analysis. Results. 74 patients were included. Main characteristics of the cohort: 62.2% male, mean age – 48.8 years, cases of steatohepatitis – 41.9%. It was revealed that the number of metabolic factors in an individual patient correlated with the presence of steatohepatitis (χ2 = 3.29; p < 0.05) and the severity of steatosis by steatometry (rs = 0.37; p < 0.05). Individual clinical and laboratory parameters influenced the severity of steatosis with varying degrees. The most significant parameters were: abdominal circumference, concentration of HDL, insulin, activity of ALT, GGTP, and the presence of arterial hypertension. Using these indicators, a formula for assessing the risk of severe liver steatosis was created. Conclusion. Steatometry is to be considered as an important diagnostic method for the prognosis assessment in patients who have risk factors for the development and progression of non-alcoholic metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Severe steatosis is a predictor of steatohepatitis. The number of metabolic factors present in an individual patient is important in assessing the risk of severe liver steatosis and steatohepatitis.
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