Результати дослідження щільності кісткової тканини у хворих груп дослідження при відновленні кісткових дефектів різними остеопластичними матеріалами

Abstract

The restoration processes of damaged or lost bone tissue are an important and topical issue of surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery today. According to statistics, diseases that are accompaning by destructive changes in bone tissue occupy one of the dominant places among the nosologies of MFA. Along with the use of updated methods of surgical technique, both before and now the problem of choice of bone-plastic material is relevant, because it is known that osteoplasty opens up great opportunities for complete rehabilitation of patients. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of our developed osteoplastic composition for the restoration of bone defects in dentistry. Materials and methods. X-ray computed tomography to determine bone density was performed in 26 patients with bone defect replacement "Kolapan-L" (group A), 28 people during augmentation of our proposed osteoplastic composition "Kolapan-L" + multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells + platelet-rich plasma) (group B), and 25 patients where the healing of the bone defect occurred spontaneously (group B). X-ray computed tomography was performed on a 16-slice spiral computed tomography Siemens Somatom Emotionc. Image processing was performed using the program "Dicom". Statistical processing of research results was carried out using conventional methods of variation statistics. Results and discussion. After 1 year of research, the average value of the bone density in patients of group B was probably higher: 1.5 times and 1.8 times relative to the corresponding data in groups A and B. At the same time, the minimum value of the bone density in patients of subgroups A and B was 1.5 times and 1.8 times lower than in persons of group B (p <0.01, p1 <0.01). At the same time, the maximum values of the bone density in patients of group B, where the augmentation of bone defects was performed using our proposed composition, were 1.4 times (p <0.01) and 1.8 times (p <0.05, p1 <0.01) higher than in group A, in the replacement of bone defects "Kolapan-L" and in group B, where the healing of the bone defect was spontaneous, respectively. It was found that in patients of group B after 12 months of studies, the average density of osteoregeneration was 1036.69±55.53 (HU), which was 1.5 times and 1.8 times more than in group A (p <0.01) and in group B patients (p <0.05, p1 <0.01) respectively. Conclusion. The use of tissue equivalent of bone tissue, proposed by us to replace a bone defect based on multipotent mesenchymal adipose tissue cells, contributed to the maximum increase in bone density, with a slightly lower effect of increasing bone density in the augmentation of bone defects