Адаптация к пассивной гипертермии: влияние на субъективные характеристики качества жизни, тревожности и уровень мозгового нейротрофического фактора (BDNF)

Abstract

Various methods of heat acclimatization and passive heat acclimation (PHA) are considered as an alternative/ additive to exercising for healthy individuals, professional athletes, patients with various pathologies. The short and long-term adaptive physiological effects of PHA, its serum markers are being studied. This study involved 30 healthy men (age 20.2 ± 2.1 years), randomized to 2 equal groups. The first ones underwent a 10-week course of 24 PHA procedures: firstly 3 times a week -12 procedures, then 2 times a week, another 12. During the procedure, the participants were in the capsule of infrared body heating (the head is outside the capsule) for 30-40 minutes. The body core temperature increased on average by 1,8-2,3°C. The participants of the second group at the same time performed low-to-moderate intensity exercise on an elliptical training simulator - interval training (IT). Three times: at the beginning, after 12 procedures and at the end of the PHA/IT course, the subjective quality of life (questionnaire SF-36) and the level of anxiety were evaluated, blood was taken for analysis. Serum concentrations of growth hormone (GH), heat shock proteins (HSP) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were investigated. Results: in the PHA group, after 4 and 10 weeks of adaptation, the subjective quality of life indicators significantly improved and the indicators of the level of situational and personal anxiety decreased, serum concentrations of HSP-60 and BDNF increased (significantly higher than the values in the IT group), but concentrations of HSP-70, 90 and GH didn’t change. There are no significant differences in the IT group compared to the initial data. The results on new long-term adaptive effects of PHA open up opportunities of using this method as a means of inducing neuroplasticity and neurogenesis in relatively healthy individuals, and in perspective - in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.