Abstract
The effect of collagen hydrolysate (CH) obtained from the swim bladder of northern fish species on the set of operational properties of elastomers based on BNKS-18 nitrile butadiene rubber with acrylonitrile content of 18 wt.% was studied. The vulcanization kinetics of elastomeric blends were determined on a D-RPA 3000 rotorlessrheometer (MonTech, Germany). Tensile strength and elastic properties of vulcanizates were determined on an Autograph AGS-JSTD testing machine (Shimadzu, Japan). Frost resistance was evaluated by the value of frost resistance coefficient according to elastic rebound after compression at -20, -30, -40, -50 °C. The density of the vulcanization network of the studied elastomers was determined according to the Flory-Rener equation by the method of equilibrium swelling of vulcanizates in chloroform. The analysis of vulcanization kinetics showed that the introduction of collagen hydrolysate obtained by us into the composition of BNKS-18 based elastomer increased the minimum torque. That is, the viscosity of the studied elastomers increased before the start of the main vulcanization process. As demonstrated in this study, CH significantly affects the crosslinking density of elastomer. Introduction of CH in the composition of elastomers leads to the formation of a sufficiently dense and strong vulcanization network. This is apparently associated with the fact that CH fragments interact with the ingredients of the vulcanizing system and the rubber macromolecules, participating in the structuring of the material. It was found that the introduction of CH increased modulus at 100% elongation and tensile strength, while elongation at break decreased. The maximum value of tensile strength corresponds to the introduction of 3phr of CH and amounts to 16.9 MPa, which is 37% higher in comparison with control elastomers without CH. It was shown that the increase of crosslink density of vulcanization network of the obtained elastomers was accompanied by increase of frost resistance coefficient at -30 and -40 °C. The field of application of the developed materials is manufacturing of rubber seals, cuffs, oil seals, gaskets designed for the Far North and the Arctic equipment.
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