Аналіз частоти маніфестації деяких ізольованих та поєднаних вад розвитку опорно-рухового апарату в дітей молодшого шкільного віку

Abstract

Over the past few decades, there has been a significant decrease in the number of healthy children, while the number of children with chronic illnesses, developmental disorders, various forms of postural issues, and scoliosis has significantly increased. Purpose - to determine the frequency of manifestation of developmental abnormalities in the spine, chest, foot, and lower jaw, as well as detection of variations and characteristics of their combinations in younger school children to develop new and improve existing criteria for early diagnosis of musculoskeletal development disorders and the correct selection of methods for their correction. Materials and methods. In order to conduct the study as part of preventive check-ups with parental informed consent, 200 children (100 boys and 100 girls) aged 6-9 years were examined. The working group was formed using the randomization method. The groups of boys and girls were further divided into 4 age groups, (6 years, 7 years, 8 years and 9 years) each consisting of 25 children. We determined the shape of the chest , the symmetry of processus mastoideus, claviculae and fossa supraclaviculare, scapulae, cristae illiacae, maleolus medialis, the condition of the foot arch and the lower jaw development. Results. Among the total number of examined children, isolated or combined variations of the following developmental abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system were found in 21.5% of cases. Isolated developmental abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system were found in 10% of examined boys and 8% of examined girls. Various combinations of detected abnormalities were found to manifest in 13% of boys and 12% of girls. Thoracic scoliosis is present in 16% of boys and 14% of girls; developmental issues of the lower jaw affect 9% of boys and 8% of girls, scoliosis of the cervical spine affects 4% of boys and 3% of girls; 6% of boys and 5% of girls have chest deformities and lumbar spine scoliosis. Conclusions. Developmental musculoskeletal abnormalities were found in 21.5% of children of. The frequency of combined developmental abnormalities increases with age. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.