Кримінологічний аналіз і тенденції злочинності у період до та після пандемії в Україні та деяких зарубіжних державах

Abstract

Zabarniy М. М. Criminological analysis and trendsin crime during and after the pandemic in Ukraine andsome foreign countries. – Article.The aim was to conduct a criminological analysis ofthe crime of the first months of 2020, which coincidedin European countries with the spread of the pandemicCOVID-2019. The method of comparative analysis ofstatistical information of official sources of Ukraine andBulgaria for January-April 2020 was used. As a result,a significant change in the structure of crime as a wholewas revealed – a decrease in some indicators and thegrowth of others. There is a significant decrease in thefirst month of a number of “street” types of crimes and,above all, an increase in the rates of cybercrime. Since thesecond month of quarantine, an increase in fraud usingIT technologies, domestic violence and theft has becomesignificant. Theoretical and/or practical significance liesin the fact that the impact on crime of a social environmentchanged as a result of emergencies is revealed, the need tostudy the boundary of the use of law enforcement agenciesto ensure public order (in pandemic or other “risky”oremergency situations), the conditions for achievingbalance and maintaining the confidence of citizens incurbing the growth of crime is justified. The analysis ofcrime statistics and changes in the socio-economic sphereof Ukraine and Bulgaria for January-April 2020 allowsus to formulate prognostic trends in crime change in thenear future. It has been proved that the CriminologicalAnalysis of Statistics of Criminal Offenses of the FirstHalf of 2020 states that fear of the future, on the onehand, and tough measures to maintain the order proposedby considerations to combat the pandemic, on the other,in the first month reduced the desire for criminal acts.However, the change in the structure of crime during thisperiod should be examined in more detail, since the worldhas not yet experienced such shocks. It is indicated that,of course, the pandemic arranged an exam for everyone,and, above all, the effectiveness of the work of power atall levels, but also the confidence of citizens in power.And it is already obvious that the role of the police willincrease.Today's situation gave everyone a chance to makesense of their appointment: and someone replenished thearmy of volunteers, and the other took advantage of theshift in life values and accents and chose the criminal pathof further movement.