ВЛИЯНИЕ АБИОТИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОГО РЕГИОНА НА УРОВЕНЬ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ БЕЛКА И АДАПТИВНУЮ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ДИПЛОИДНЫХ СОРТОВ ОЗИМОЙ РЖИ

Abstract

The aim of the study is a comprehensive analysis of winter rye varieties for environmental sustainability and identification of the most promising ones. The object of the study is 9 varieties of diploid winter rye (Grafinya, Kiprez, Flora (Kirov Region), Moskovskaya 18 (Moscow Region), Talovskaya 45 (Voronezh Region), Saratovskaya 10 (Saratov Region), Novosibirskaya 17 (Novosibirsk Region), Sudarushka (Tomsk Region)), which have been added to the VIR collection in recent years. The Era variety (Leningrad Region) served as a standard. The study was carried out on the experimental fields of the Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR National Research Scientific and Practical Institute in 2019–2022. The soils of the experimental field are sod-weakly podzolic, sandy loam in mechanical composition, with neutral acidity (pH = 7.1–7.6). The thickness of the humus horizon is 23–47 cm, the humus content is 2.1–3.0 %. The supply of mobile forms of potassium is average, phosphorus is high, the predecessor is pure fallow. For an accurate and reliable assessment, the following indicators were used: environmental variation (Si2), variation coefficient (CV), measure of superiority (Pi), indicator of agroecological superiority (Jsp), stress susceptibility index (SSPi), stability indicator (YSi), ecological valence (Wi), degree of adaptation (DAA), reaction effect (Er), intensity indicator (I), stress resistance (Ymin – Ymax), compensatory capacity (Ymin + Ymax)/2, stability (Ymin/Ymax), responsiveness coefficient (Kr). Significant variability of protein content in grain was determined from 11 % in 2020 to 13 % in 2022. The varieties Talovskaya 45, Moskovskaya 18, Novosibirskaya 17, Sudarushka exceeded the standard variety Era by 1–0.4 %. Of the 14 indicators used, the following should be used for a more reliable assessment: the coefficient of variation (CV), the measure of superiority (Pi), the index of susceptibility to stress (SSPi), the ecological valence (Wi), the degree of adaptation (DAA), the effect of reaction (Er), the intensity index (I). The varieties Moskovskaya 18, Novosibirskaya 17, Sudarushka, Talovskaya 45 have a high degree of adaptability.