ПРІОРИТЕТИ Й ЧИННИКИ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ: ДОСВІД ОКРЕМИХ КРАЇН СХІДНОЇ АЗІЇ І СТРАТЕГІЧНІ ІМПЕРАТИВИ ДЛЯ ПІСЛЯВОЄННОЇ ВІДБУДОВИ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The post-war reconstruction of Ukraine requires, first of all, the development of an appropriate strategy for socio-economic development of the country, therefore it is especially necessary to implement the innovative development concept, which will allow to rebuild Ukrainian economy at a new technological level. In this context, focus is placed on the main directions of innovation policy in the countries that carried out post-war economic reconstruction (Japan), the Southeast Asian countries that have gone through the path of "catch-up development" (Singapore, the Republic of Korea), and also in China which demonstrates significant success in modernization of the economy. Innovation policy in these countries included: appropriate state policy that prioritized innovation development; legislative regulation of relations in the innovative economy; active state funding of research, development and education; purposeful formation and improvement of the efficiency of human, intellectual and creative capital; creation of a special innovation infrastructure and institutions supporting the innovation process; etc. Foreign economic factors, such as the involvement of multinational corporations, direct foreign investments, the use of foreign technologies, know-how, etc., played an important role in these processes. Based on the study of foreign experience, the author proposed some components of innovation policy, which can be applied in the formation of innovation policy in Ukraine, in particular: an implementation of comprehensive policy with strategic orientation and determination of innovation development priorities; prioritization of R&D funding by the state, private business and other non-public entities; formation of a favorable business environment; development of human, intellectual, and creative capital. The use of foreign economic factors, primarily international scientific and technical cooperation, involvement of branches of high-tech multinational corporations, forging international scientific and technical alliances, inclusion in global value chains, etc. are promising.