Основные патологические эффекты от воздействия высокодисперсного аэрозоля электронных сигарет на клетки легкого и респираторный эпителий: Обзор литературы

Abstract

Objective. To determine the pathologic role of highly dispersed e-cigarette aerosol on lung cells, respiratory epithelium, and the immune system. Results. A systematic analysis of scientific literature in the databases: PubMed, ResearchGate, Medscape, and Cochrane Library was performed. The search was conducted using the following keywords: e-cigarette, vape, juul, lung, airway, respiratory, respiratory, cough, methacholine, nasal, alveoli, immune, bronchial, tracheal, bronchoalveolar, nicotine, propylene glycol, vegetable glycerol, macrophages, epithelium, spirometry and SPF1. Based on the literature review, the following conclusion was reached: studies show measurable adverse biological effects on the bronchopulmonary apparatus in humans, animals, and in vitro. The pathologic effects of e-cigarettes have similarities to the effects of tobacco smoke on the pulmonary parenchyma. Conclusion. Analysis of the literature makes it possible to come to the conclusion that current knowledge of these pathologic effects is insufficient to determine whether exposure to e-cigarettes is less pathologic for the respiratory system than exposure to combustible tobacco products.