Abstract
Due to significant global climate change, which leads to a mismatch between the requirements of plants and environmental conditions, the most relevant at present is the placement of crops in places where the reclamation regime (culture requirements for environmental conditions) coincides with environmental conditions in a given place. The manifestations of global climate warming in the Saratov region are expressed in a decrease in the amount of precipitation falling during the main growing season of agricultural crops (May-July), which, against the background of rising air temperature, increases the discrepancy between moisture resources and the need for plants, which leads to large fluctuations in agricultural yields. cultures. Therefore, in the production of agricultural crops, farming systems and crop rotations should be based on agroecological principles, providing for high yields, reproduction of soil fertility, environmentally friendly products, efficient and rational use of irrigation water, which will provide economic efficiency, and serve to restore the ecological balance in the region. An analysis of the current state of irrigated agriculture shows that the possibility of increasing agricultural production is not fully used. Irrigation efficiency is largely reduced due to a violation of the complex of agrotechnical and agro-ameliorative measures, the lack of reasonable crop rotations, non-fulfillment of irrigation plans, insufficient application of organic and mineral fertilizers, as well as the current natural and climatic changes and a number of other reasons. Only the observance of a high culture of agriculture in combination with the whole complex of land reclamation measures will make it possible to obtain high yields of grain and other crops in the Saratov region.
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