ПРОГРЕСС, КОТОРЫЙ МЫ ПОТЕРЯЛИ: О ВЫБОРЕ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНЫХ ПУТЕЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ И ПРОТИВОСТОЯНИИ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ ЭКСПАНСИИ В РУССКОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ XIX-ХХI ВВ.

Abstract

The article deals with the question of alternative ways of social development, critical reflection on technology, technical progress and the search for ways to overcome the technical crisis in Russian philosophy of the 19th–21st centuries. The events of the social history, discoveries in the field of science and technology have led to a rethinking of the role of technological progress for the future of human civilization. In the 21st century the technical world appears as a world devoid of goodness and humanity, and the progress of technology, rather, as a regression. The technocratic trend is perceived in its fatal irresistibility as the defining vector of world history. Meanwhile, in the depths of the history of thought, we see serious attempts to resist the pressure of technical inevitability and offer alternatives to the modern project. In the article, the authors rely on the method of conceptual analysis, which allows comparing the proposed programs of social development in their opposition to the concept of the Modern. As a result of the analysis, the article highlights the general trends in the works of Russian thinkers towards the assessment of technical progress inherent in the technique of duality as a source of good and evil, as a cause of development and destruction and also drows a conclusion (in contrast to the established views) about the initial set of ideological foundations and prospects of society development, among which the program of technical progress and technical future is one of the possible, but not the determining.