Особенности передачи национально-специфичной лексики (на примере наименований средств передвижения в переводе романа «Евгений Онегин» В.В. Набоковым)

Abstract

The article analyzes the features of the transferring culturally-marked vocabulary used to designate modes of transport, using the English language translated by V.V. Nabokov. This study is based on the material of Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin”, which is considered the encyclopedia of Russian life in the early 19th century. As the distinguishing characteristics of the work, one can indicate the presence of linguistic and cultural components that are difficult for native speakers to perceive a different mentality. On the basis of the etymological and semantic analysis, the evolution of meanings and the internal form of the identified lexemes in English and in Russian are specified, as a result of the analysis of the texts of the Commentaries, the translatior’s interpretation of the indicated lexemes is indicated. Through a lexico-semantic comparative analysis of V.V. Nabokov’s translation and the original text, methods of transmitting language units indicating the names of different modes of transport, their degree of equivalence and the cause of observed inconsistencies have been identified. It has been found that the methods of transmitting the meanings of lexemes used in the original text are: exposure, transcription, concretization, contextual substitution, use of equivalents and functional analogs. It can be concluded that the features of similarity and differences of the novel and its translation are determined both by the world view of the translator and by the specificity of English and Russian linguistic culture.