Аналіз ефективності дворічного курсу алерген-специфічної імунотерапії в дітей з атопічним дерматитом та сенсибілізацією до кліщів домашнього пилу

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 15% to 30% of children and 2% to 10% of adults worldwide. Some observations suggest that allergens may be an important cause of atopic dermatitis. Allergen-specific immunotherapy can reduce symptoms in people with atopic dermatitis by suppressing abnormal immune responses to allergens. Purpose - to evaluate the role of sublingual immunotherapy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children with sensitization to house dust mite, by conducting a randomized 24-month clinical trial with house dust mite extract. Materials and methods. The study included 26 children with atopic dermatitis, sensitized to house dust mites. 12 patients received sublingual immunotherapy and 14 patients received only symptomatic treatment (the control group). The disease activity of atopic dermatitis was evaluated using the dynamics of SCORAD indicators and the CDLQI questionnaire. Results. After 24 months from the start of treatment, the decrease in SCORAD was 52.1% in the sublingual immunotherapy group (Wilcoxon T-test, T-W=78.0; p<0.001) and 20.2% in the control group. The decrease in CDLQI after 24 months was 40% in the sublingual immunotherapy group (T-W=66.0; p<0.001), in the control group no improvement was found. We have not found influence of age and degree of severity on the effectiveness of therapy. Conclusions. This randomized 2-year study showed that sublingual immunotherapy with house dust mite extract can provide significant clinical efficacy according to SCORAD and CDLQI questionnaire in children with atopic dermatitis. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.