마에노 료타쿠(前野良沢)와 오쓰키 겐타쿠(大槻玄沢)의 네덜란드어 인식과 학습 : 寫本『和蘭譯文略草稿』와 刊本『蘭學階梯』를 중심으로

Abstract

Japan, which had little resistance in accepting foreign culture, expended its range to other Western countries. In ancient time it had first started from the Korean peninsular, China and to portugal, Netherland in modern times. The necessity of learning a foreign language grew in order to acquire knowledge and learning but its real purpose was to obtain various information which was taught as function language itself.BR The Dutch language had been the same since its exchange with the West in the late 16th century. At first interpreters learnt Dutch to interact with Nagasaki Dejima(長崎 出島) Dutch officials, but later on at Edo(江戶) period the big picture of learning Dutch was to translate and acquire new subjects including medicine. BR Especially Edo period in 1774, since Tokugawa Yoshimune(徳川吉宗) had ordered Aoki Konyo(青木昆陽) to learn Dutch, Sugita Genpaku(杉田玄白) and Maeno Ryotaku(前野良沢) translated and published medical journal under the name of 『Kaitaishinsho(解體新書)』. From then on the atmosphere for Dutch learning had been highly raised and one of their student whose name was Otsuki Gentaku(大槻玄沢) made the first Dutch study paper called 『Rangakukaitei(蘭學階梯)』 in 1783.BR In my former data 『Rangakukaitei』, I’ve already contemplated that Otsuki Gentaku had been deeply influenced by his master Maeno Ryotaku. Now let’s take a specific look on Maeno Ryotaku’s language studies 『Olandarakubunryaku(和蘭譯文略)』. Based on his studies we’d like to examine the understanding and recognizing of Dutch and its punctuation as well as how this early Dutch scholar had been thought about a basic position on translation of Dutch.