Abstract
The aim of the research is increasing the productivity of potatoes via the use of organic fertilizers. Research was carried out on crop rotation fields with potato plantations of Arnica and Arosa breeds. The distance between the ridges is 75 cm, the ridge height is 18-20 cm, and the distance between seats in a row is 24 cm. In the applied crop rotation, potato was planted on fallow steam. The object of study is the soil of the upper farm field (0-30 cm). The results of applying programmed soil fertilizers for potato plants consisting of background mineral fertilizers N120P150K300 and manure in doses of 20 t/ha and 60 t/ha for four experimental plots with an area of 210 ha are pre-sented. Determination of heavy metal content was performed within the certified laboratory of the Federal state Uni-versity «Station of agro-chemical service «Samara» by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Based on the results of heavy metals mobile forms in the soil, a concentration coefficient was calculated, which showed that the actual av-erage value exceeds the background level. The lead concentration coefficient amounting to 1.6 – indicates the ac-cumulation of the element on the research area. Organo-mineral fertilizer N120P150K300+manure 60 t / ha allows you to restore the balance of mould on the research ordinary Chernozem, get an increase in yield of 4.1-8.9 t / ha, has an effect on reducing the content of gross heavy metals in the soil: Cd – by 1.2-1.4 times; Cu – 1.1-1.2 times, Pb, Zn, Mn and Fe – 1.1 times compared to the control area. Within the experiment N120 P150K300 + manure 60 t / ha lead mobility reduces to 3.9%, copper, zinc, iron-less than by 1 %, cadmium mobility increases by 3.4-5.7 %.
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