Взаимосвязь длительности применения гипотензивного режима и частоты случаев развития синдрома «сухого глаза» у пациентов с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой

Abstract

Purpose. To study the incidence of dry eye syndrome (DES) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), depending on the duration of the use of local antihypertensive therapy. Material and methods. The material for the study was patients who were examined in the treatment and diagnostic department of the Khabarovsk branch the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of POAG. The main group included 45 patients with a duration of antihypertensive therapy of 1 month or more. The comparison group consisted of 15 patients with newly diagnosed POAG. The period of use of antihypertensive therapy in them did not exceed one month. Depending on the experience of using antihypertensive therapy, the patients of the main group were divided into 3 subgroups. All were questioned using the DEQ-5 dry eye questionnaire, Schirmer I, II and Norn's tests, objective examination of the anterior segment of the eyes. The analysis of the detection and severity of DES among patients with POAG was carried out, taking into account the experience of using the antihypertensive regimen. Results. According to the questionnaire, 26 patients (58%) of the main group presented complaints typical of DES, while in the comparison group only 3 patients (20%) presented them (p<0.05). There was also a tendency towards a decrease in the total and main type of tear production in the main group according to the results of Schirmer's tests I and II – 10.9±1.04 mm and 7.7±0.48 mm versus 13.9±2.5 mm and 10, 2±2.1 mm in the comparison group (p>0.05). The stability of the tear film, according to Norn's test, also differed: 8.2±0.35 sec. and 9.5±1.8 sec. in the main and comparison group, respectively (p> 0.05). Conclusion. The initial symptoms of xerosis of the ocular surface are recorded in the period from 1 to 3 years from the beginning of the use of antihypertensive drugs and increase in proportion to the increase in the length of the disease. Key words: dry eye syndrome, glaucoma, antihypertensive therapy.