Abstract
Purpose. To study clinical, statistical, anatomical, optical and functional properties of primary keratoectasia (PKE) in patients living in Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical outpatient cards of 481 patients with PKE who observed in the Khabarovsk branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. We studied the detectability of PKE over the years, their quantitative structure and staging, visual acuity, refraction, maximum keratometry-readings and minimum corneal thickness. Results. Keratoconus (KC) occurred in 445 (92.5%) patients, pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) occurred in 36 (7.5%). Among patients with KC, it was observed in 309 (69.4%) men and 136 (30.6%) in women. PMD was diagnosed in 19 (53%) men and 17 (47%) women. In 386 (86.7%) people with KC, the lesion was bilateral. Among the remaining 59 patients with KC, 6 people (1.3%) had a one-sided process, and 53 (12%) patients had signs of subclinical KC in the second eye. Bilateral PMD was detected in 35 (97%) people, in one (3%) patient the disease was detected in one eye. At comparable average values of refraction and corneal thickness in eyes with PMD and KC 1st stage, astigmatism-at PMD were 2–2.5 times greater. Conclusion. Among patients with KC, 34.9% eyes have the 2nd stage of the disease, in which visual acuity are already sufficiently reduced, and 28.5% eyes have KC the 3rd and the 4th stage and can be classified as visually impaired. The revealed differences in ratio of functional and refractive indexes of eyes with KC and PMD necessitate wider study of their diagnostic features and results of treatment latter. Keywords: keratoectasia, keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration.
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