Особенности оказания трансфузиологической поддержки пациентам с гипопродукционной тромбоцитопенией в условиях дневного стационара ГБУЗ НСО «Новосибирский клинический центр крови»

Abstract

Introduction. Hypoproductive thrombocytopenias caused by insufficient platelet formation in the bone marrow are usually a manifestation of the underlying process characterized by inhibition of thrombocytopoiesis. They accompany aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, primary myelofibrosis, myelodysplastic syndrome, may be the result of tumor metastasis to the bone marrow, with the substitution of the megakaryocyte lineage, as well as a complication of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Aim. To analyze the features of the provision of transfusion support to patients with hypoproductive thrombocytopenia due to oncological or hematological diseases in the day hospital at the Novosibirsk Clinical Blood Center (NCBC). Materials and methods. The study included 222 patients of the NCBC day hospital who underwent replacement therapy with platelet concentrate to correct thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic syndrome for the period 2017–2022. Results. Correction of thrombocytopenia due to malignant neoplasms (solid tumors) was performed in 69 patients and due to hematological diseases – in 153 patients. The average number of doses of platelet concentrate was 3.7 ± 2.4 for patients with solid tumors; the clinical efficacy of replacement therapy was achieved in this group of patients in all cases. For patients with hematologic-related thrombocytopenia, the average number of doses of platelet concentrate was 3.2 ± 1.3; the clinical efficacy in this group of patients was achieved in 131 cases out of 153. Conclusion. Replacement therapy with blood components in transfusion-dependent and comorbid patients in a day hospital allows in most cases (85.6%) to carry out effective clinical correction of thrombocytopenia and achieve complete reverse of manifestations of hemorrhagic syndrome (100% of cases).