Становлення та розвиток іноземного підприємництва в Україні: ретроспективний погляд та значення для сьогодення (на прикладі м. Дунаївці кінця XIX – початку XX ст.)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main development trends and the specifics of the formation of entrepreneurship on the example of the town of Dunaivtsi at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. A retrospective analysis of the formation of foreign entrepreneurship in Ukraine was conducted. On the basis of the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, the systematic approach to the study of the processes of the evolution of the domestic economic environment, the importance of foreigners in the development of entrepreneurship during the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries was revealed. in the town of Dunaivtsi, Podilsk province. The needs of production development and modernization of the economy required significant investments. Due to the lack of large private capitals, the government attracted foreign investments, which is why there were many foreigners among the entrepreneurs. This gave impetus to the development of industry in the town of Dunaivtsi at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. Representatives of foreign entrepreneurship played a positive role in the industrial transformation of the region's economy. The dominant factor in the development of entrepreneurship and the attraction of foreign specialists was the personal interest of the town's owners. Foreign entrepreneurs contributed to the inflow of capital, the attraction of the latest technologies, advanced management models, and the establishment of business relations with Western European partners. The activity of German colonists was of particular importance for the development of cloth production. Positive transformations were facilitated by legislative norms regulating business activities. The influence of foreigners on the change of the cultural landscape of the town and the formation of a modern social space is revealed. The role of foreign manufacturers in the formation of local chains of processing of local products and the development of foreign economic ties is revealed. The authors argued for the expediency of using historical experience taking into account the current state and problems of the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine's economy.