Толщина хориоидеи у детей с прогрессирующей миопией и влияние на нее ношения очков с высокоасферичными микролинзами в течение 12 месяцев

Abstract

Purpose. Due to the importance of choroid in the development of myopia, this study examined choroid thickness (CT) in children with progressive myopia and the effect of Stellest™ on the CT after 1 year of wear. Methods. A total of 50 children with myopia from –0.75D to –4.75D aged 7 to 13 years were enrolled. CT beneath the fovea, 1.5 mm and 3 mm temporal, nasal, superior and inferior to the fovea was measured by OCT at baseline and 1 month and 1 year after the treatment. The relationship between the degree of myopia, axial length, and choroidal thickness was determined. Results. Prior to treatment there was a significant negative relationship between CT, myopia degree (r = –0.63) and axial length (AL) (r = –0.53). Wearing Stellest™ induced significant choroidal thickening in the first month of treatment by 17.47±13.14 μm in all zones in 82.1 % of eyes. CT did not change in 17.9 % of eyes. Myopia has progressed in those children during 1 year. Mean annual progression gradient has decreased from –1.03±0.58D to –0.03 ±0.40D, growth of AL has decreased from 0.37±0.22 mm to 0.06±0.19 mm after 1 year. Myopia has increased by ≥ 0.25D in 27.5 % of eyes, AL has increased by ≥ 0.1mm in 29.3 % of eyes. After 1 year, a hyperopic shift of refraction within 0.5D was observed in 27.3 % of eyes and reduction in AL in 27 % of eyes, this was combined with an increase in CT by 21.24±17.61μm. After 1 year the choroid was significantly thicker in comparison with the beginning of the study. In those patients where AL has increased ≥0.1mm, CT has decreased by 12.44±8.17μm. Conclusion: Choroid thickness decreases during myopia development. Spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets significantly increase choroidal thickness after 1 month and 1year of wear. Choroid thickness might work as a predictor of the effectiveness of myopia treatment. Key words: myopia control; myopic defocus; choroid thickness; spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets.