Abstract
The article reveals the views on war and peace of the famous Russian diplomat of the first third of the XVIII century P.P. Shafirov. The main idea of Shafirov’s most important work — the “A discourse concerning the just causes of the war between Sweden and Russia” was a justification for the justice and legality of the conflict with Sweden. At the same time, the “A discourse concerning the just causes of the war between Sweden and Russia” should be considered as one of the first domestic works on international law, which examined many aspects of the humanization of war (the attitude of the military towards prisoners of war and the civilian population). Shafirov emphasized the forced nature of the Great Northern War for Russia, and also noted Peter I’s sincere desire for peace and Sweden’s unwillingness to end the conflict.
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