Оценка эффективности рекуррентных отборов на полевом искусственном инфекционном фоне в создании устойчивого к корневым гнилям селекционного материала клевера лугового

Abstract

The results are reflected of research work on the evaluation of previously created hybrid material of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), which passed a selection study on a field artificial Fusarium background in compare with initial forms without selection and standard variety Dymkovsky. For improving objectivity of the assessment, a field infection background was created based on a mixture of local strains of Fusarium spp. (F. oxysporum + F. avenaceum + F. heterosporum). The efficiency of formation of a disease-resistant breeding material by the method of recurrent biotypic selection was analyzed on the most significant economic and biological characteristics: winter hardiness; plant height; dry mass and seed productivity; disease resistance. Information on agrometeorological conditions in the years of research was provided. According to the results of the study, a high winter hardiness of breeding populations was found in various conditions of the autumn-winter periods. The tendency was noted of increasing in forage and seed productivity in hybrids that have been selected on an infectious background in comparison with the initial forms; their lower susceptibility to root rot in the second year of life was established. For further breeding work, three prospective root rot-resistant populations have been selected: GPF-64-2 — with significantly higher dry matter yield relative to standard Dymkovsky by year of use; GPF-60-2 — with seed yield at the level of the standard and the excess of initial form by 87.5%; GPF-63-2 — with the least degree of damage to the root system in comparison with initial form and standard.