Изменения некоторых показателей жироотложения и компонентов состава тела в процессе полового созревания у подростков Архангельского региона и г. Москвы

Abstract

Introduction. This work is devoted to the study of changes in some indicators of subcutaneous fat deposition and body mass components depending on the rate of puberty in adolescents of the Arkhangelsk region and Moscow. Materials and methods. The analysis used data from 1 516 people aged 12 to 16 years in the case of boys and 11 to 15 years in the case of girls. The anthropometric examination, the analysis of the body composition and the assessment of the puberty stage were carried out according to the standard methodology in compliance with bioethical recommendations. Probit analysis was used to determine the timing of pubertal stages. Results and discussion. According to the results obtained, adolescents of all three groups have the usual sequence of appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. In addition, standard patterns are observed: urban schoolchildren go through the stages of puberty earlier than their rural peers. As for the change in anthropometric characteristics depending on the stage of puberty, in this case, the consistency of the changes occurring with the maturation of the mammary glands in girls and the appearance of pubic hair in boys is confirmed. In the former, the amount of body weight and its fat component, as well as the thickness of the skinfolds, are more dependent on the stage of puberty; in the latter, the girth dimensions. Regardless of sex, the examined signs in their absolute magnitude show a tendency to increase, while the relative body fat mass decreases with breast development in girls. In young men, the alternation of the processes of its increase and decrease was recorded as the development of pubic envelopment progressed from stage to stage. The exception is Muscovites, in whom, with the appearance of this sign, there is a sharp significant increase in body fat mass with a further slight fluctuation during puberty. Conclusion. The dependence of the parameters of fat deposition on biological age is more clearly manifested in groups of girls, since for male individuals the degree of maturation is more correlated with the muscular component. In this case, the characteristics of the fat component begin to show a coherent picture at the final stages of puberty.