Аналіз зон неоднорідності (варіабельності) стану сільськогосподарських угідь із викорис-танням засобів моніторингу та розробка програмного забезпечення для його забезпечення

Abstract

The existing ways of managing the agrobiological condition of the soil environment and soil sampling using the existing methods do not take into account the variability of their parameters of the agricultural land area. To implement the technology of differentiated introduction of technological material, a simplified method of uniform division of the field surface into equal squares (with areas of mainly 5-15 hectares) is predominantly used for further diagnostics and field management utilizing such differentiation. On the one hand, such a division is caused by the convenience and simplicity of this method and on the other hand, by the lack of reliable operational data about the field and the absence of a tool for dividing the field according to other criteria based on the initial data. The method of the field surface uniform division into equal squares does not take into account the field specifics and zones of heterogeneity and, as a result, there is low reliability of the data obtained using this method, and accordingly, low possibility of using such data for the quality control of technological processes utilizing the technology of technological material differentiated introduction. In some cases, when this method is used, the parameter values of the soil environment will be underestimated while in some others – overestimated within one square. Differentiated management of the technological material introduction rate within a specified square, should be carried out specifically on the basis of the average value of this parameter. Therefore, this method of implementation of technological material differentiated introduction will be ineffective. Under these conditions, it becomes necessary to develop a methodology for the analysis of zones of heterogeneity (variability) of the agricultural land condition using monitoring tools and software for its implementation. Knowing such a method opens up new prospects for running organic farming utilizing such “smart” agricultural machinery.