Сучасні геоекологічні проблеми північної частини басейну р. Ірпінь та шляхи їх вирішення (на основі матеріалів космічних зйомок і наземних досліджень)

Abstract

The article deals with the conditions, natural and human-made factors of formation and development of negative geo -ecological processes within the northern part of the Irpin river valley and its tributaries: Bucha and Rokach rivers. The characteristics of the ecological state of small river basins are given and the main problems of the environment are outlined. The main conclusion is that the water ecosystems of the northern part of the Irpin basin have been significantly transformed and almost completely lost their natural state. In order to improve the environmental situation and confront the developers who destroy the remained natural complexes in the floodplains of the rivers Irpin, Bucha, Rokach, it is proposed to form landscape reserves and recreational zones with strict environmental status. The second urgent need is clearing the riverbeds from domestic and construction debris and solving the problem of centralized wastewater sewerage. Particular attention is paid to the problems of underflooding and flooding of floodplain areas in connection with the development of the urban environment and the consequences of hostilities. On the basis of the analysis of the digital model of the terrain and satellite monitoring of real events, the model of spread and development of processes of underflooding and flooding of the territory under certain weather conditions and the water transfer of the Kyiv reservoir into the valley of the river Irpin is formed. It is proposed to carry out independent detailed satellite and ground monitoring geo -ecological research for the preservation, further protection, and rational use of the environment, primarily of the floodplain areas. Its results and conclusions will contribute to positive management decisions concerning environmental preservation. Against the background of rapid urbanization, population growth, long-term trends in climate change and the growth of environmental risks for the population, these studies provide not only environmental protection but also socio-economic effect.