Abstract
The article is devoted to the life and work of brothers Mark and Nikolai Vygodsky in the context of political and cultural events of the XX century. M.Ya. Vygodsky (1898–1965) – an outstanding Soviet mathematician and founder of the Soviet school of the history of mathematics, N.Ya. Vygodsky (1900–1939) – an incredible musician and musicologist. The author aims to present the fate of two extraordinary and talented people in a historical and cultural context, to analyze the connection between life and the epoch. The emphasis is on the brothers' active scientific, creative and social activities before 1935 and subsequent repressions, which illustrate the transition from revolutionary enthusiasm to new conditions. The author, the great-grandson of M.Ya. Vygodsky, uses archive materials, open sources and family memories to fix the contours of the image of scientists who, in various capacities, fell under the repression of the 30s. The author applies a new approach to the analysis of personal destiny within the framework of cultural ego history, developed together with E.V. Salnikova.
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