К вопросу о правовом обеспечении предупреждения преступлений, совершаемых с использованием искусственного интеллекта и технологий, созданных на его основе в Российской Федерации

Abstract

Introduction: artificial intelligence and technologies related to its application are now increasingly penetrating into our daily lives. And this process sometimes happens unnoticed. Even now, “smart” machines perform various functions, ranging from robots analyzing the weather forecast, changes in human physical data that make up an individual schedule of the day, and ending with autonomous control of vehicles, nano-robots used in medicine, robots performing the functions of a teacher, a policeman, etc. At the same time, as the historical practice shows, artificial intelligence and elements associated with it, like any other new technology or invention, unfortunately, can be used by intruders for their criminal purposes. Thus, according to the international organizations, the share of fraud committed with the use of artificial intelligence has been increasing in the world recently. Europol, together with the analysts from TrendMicro, a cybersecurity company, and the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute prepared a report “Malicious Use and Abuse of Artificial Intelligence” in 2020. In particular, it states that one of the most popular types of fraud today is a fake photo and video images of a real person, in addition, the report indicates the possible risks of further use of artificial intelligence for criminal purposes: artificial intelligence can be used in the creation of “smart” ransomware programs, the generation of cheat codes in computer games that allow earning money, in the imitation of the voice or writing style of a particular person to commit fraudulent actions. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state and features of legal support for the regulation of artificial intelligence and technologies created on its basis in the Russian Federation, as well as to suggest possible ways to improve domestic legislation on the prevention of crimes committed with its use. Research methods: the methodological framework for the study consists of the general scientific methods of cognition. To ensure the objectivity of the study, the analyzed problem is revealed by the authors as a phenomenon using a systematic approach, which allows revealing its mechanism in such a way that theoretical provisions are used with maximum efficiency in practical activities. Research results and conclusions: the authors propose conceptual foundations for both the functioning of artificial intelligence as a whole and for the prevention of crimes committed with the use of artificial intelligence or technologies created on its basis.