Перспективи використання біологічного зворотного зв’язку в щелепно-лицьовій ділянці в процесі реабілітації хворих з ускладненим перебігом гострого порушення мозкового кровообігу

Abstract

Objective — to determine the prospects for the use of biofeedback devices in the maxillofacial region in patients with a pronounced neurological deficit in hemitype after stroke.Materials and methods. On the basis of the Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital in 2017–2018 50 patients were examined with a complicated course of acute cerebral circulatory disorders according to hemithiasis.Results. In patients with an affected inner capsule, a neurological deficit is observed not only in the form of hemiparesis, but also in violation of the work of the neuromuscular apparatus of the maxillofacial region. In people with severe stroke, the lesions of the muscles of the maxillofacial region have the following manifestations: the impossibility of intelligible speech; dysphagia (in 28 % of individuals); violation of full chewing due to the inability to form a high-quality food lump, and sometimes the retention of liquid food in the mouth in violation of the circular muscle of the mouth. As a result, malnutrition occurs during the entire rehabilitation phase. 57 % of patients lost weight during the first 6 months of the recovery period, and 22 % suffered from malnutrition in the sixth month after a stroke.Conclusions. This analysis proves the possibility of using biofeedback on the basis of electromyography in the maxillofacial area for better rehabilitation of patients with a complicated course of stroke in hemithiasis, which helps to restore the violation of the coordinated action of the neuromuscular apparatus of the dentofacial region. Improving rehabilitation activities in the maxillofacial area for patients with marked neurological deficit after a stroke is an important aspect for a faster return to full-fledged life.