Превосходная степень имен прилагательных и наречий как средство репрезентации центра и периферии функционально-семантического поля компаративности в немецком, английском и русском языках (на материале метеотекстов)

Abstract

The research aims to identify the common and distinctive features in using the forms of the superlative degree in the compared languages. The paper is dedicated to the examination of morphological and syntactic means of comparison expression in the German, English and Russian languages using the material of meteorological texts. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the representation of the comparability category by means of superlative forms is considered and the morphological and syntactic means forming the centre and the periphery of the functional-semantic field in meteorological texts in German, English and Russian are compared for the first time. In the course of studying the functional-semantic field of comparability as a macro-field, it has been found that its structure contains equality micro-fields and inequality micro-fields. Superlative forms produced with the help of the synthetic, analytical and suppletive ways act as constituents of the gradual difference mini-field and the opposition mini-field within the inequality micro-field. The analysis of meteorological texts in German, English and Russian has shown that in the compared languages, the centre of the field under study is formed by morphological means, namely superlative forms as attributes for nouns or nominal predicates, while the periphery is formed by syntactic means, which include comparative constructions and comparative subordinate clauses.