Лінгвістична ситуація в Парагваї. Особливості іспанської мови та гуарані Парагваю. Йопара – «третя мова» Парагваю (Роздуми про лінгвістичну ситуацію в Парагваї в літературі. Роман Хуана Мануєля Маркоса «Зима Гюнтера»).

Abstract

In article peculiarities of linguistic situation of Paraguay are analyzed: typical lexical units, paraguayisms – the linguistic units of Spanish and Guarani that are contrasted with spoken Spanish of other countries of Latin America and Spain, which pose certain difficulties of rapid comprehension for Spanish speakers.The historical aspects of coexistence of Spanish and Guarani are mentioned.The author rescues most remarkable peculiarities of Spanish of Paraguay and Guarani. It is noted that conquest situation gave certain advantages to development of Guarani. There was no imposition of one culture over other. On contrary, both of them went through a mutual process of linguistic enrichment. This condition led to mixture of two different cultures and languages and appearance of third language of Paraguay – jopara (guaranol, hispanicized Guarani), which de facto is main language of Paraguay today.Some aspects of formation of jopara are clarified: morphosyntactic, lexical, in first place.