Применение регенеративных клеточных технологий при лечении тяжёлых местных лучевых поражений у пострадавших в чрезвычайных ситуациях: из опыта работы специалистов Федерального медицинского биофизического центра им. А.И.Бурназяна ФМБА России

Abstract

It has been noted that one of the most common types of radiation injuries when a person is exposed to ionizing radiation is radiation burns — severe local radiation injuries. The aim of the study is to apply stromal and vascular fraction of adipose tissue to increase the efficiency of complex therapy for local radiation lesions. Materials and methods of the study. In 2017-2019, 7 patients (all male; mean age — (54.83±9.41) years) with local radiation lesions of the skin — ulcerative-necrotic lesions of the skin and underlying tissues — were treated at the Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan of FMBA of Russia. For more than 6 months the patients received conventional conservative therapy of local radiation lesions and a single injection of cell suspension of autologous cells of stromal-vascular fraction of adipose tissue — the average number of cells was (60.33×106±64.04). Results of the study and their analysis. All patients had no serious adverse events and reactions associated with the introduction of autologous regenerative cells of adipose tissue. During the whole period of observation after stromal-vascular fraction of adipose tissue was injected, late radiation ulcers remained without signs of inflammation and infiltration. The patients were discharged from the hospital in satisfactory condition. According to the authors, the use of stromal-vascular fraction of adipose tissue in local radiation lesions provides favorable conditions: to increase the effectiveness of complex therapy; to reduce healing time of the wound surface; to regulate and activate immune and reparative processes in the dermis; to restore the damaged vascular network, lost skin without severe scarring changes; to heal and achieve a satisfactory result, decent quality of life of patients.