The prevalence of yeast infections has increased significantly over the past few decades, with resistance of isolated pathogens to antimicrobial agents becoming progressively more pressing. Commonly occurring pathogenic yeasts include genus Candida, with C. albicans species being the dominant in both superficial and invasive infectious processes. This report presents data on the identification and determination of antimycotic drug resistance for yeast isolates obtained from clinical material of a patient with chronic bronchitis and a patient with generalized fungal infection. As a result of genomic identification, the strain causing the generalized infection was identified as Candida utilis, confirming the literature data on its increasing prevalence, considered a rare pathogen of invasive processes, as a new dangerous pathogen. Antimycotic susceptibility testing revealed resistance of C. utilis strain to commonly used antifungal drugs such as ketoconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole, weak sensitivity to clotrimazole, nystatin and amphotericin B. The strain from a patient with chronic bronchitis was identified as C. africana, considered to be a C. albicans species. Excepting itraconazole, the strain showed varying sensitivity to the five antimycotic drugs used in the experiment. Both isolated yeast strains actively grew at elevated temperature, were able to form a capsule, hyphal sprouts and biofilms, features which distinguish potentially pathogenic Candida from saprotrophic strains. Combined antifungal therapy includes the use of probiotic preparations based on microorganisms that exhibit antagonism against fungi. The present work shows an effective inhibitory effect from secreted water-soluble metabolites of spore-forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus lichenformis, antiseptics “Octenisept” and “Chlorhexidine”, as well as rosemary and sandalwood oil extracts on growth activity of the studied pathogenic yeast strains and a typical control strain of C. albicans Y-583.
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