Kidney transplantation remains the optimal treatment for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), 25%-40% of which are estimated to be caused by congenital malformations and genetic syndromes. Given the widespread nature of this surgical procedure, ocular complications may arise from the operation itself or from subsequent medical treatments. The aim of this study is to determine whether there are postoperative refractive changes in pediatric patients who have undergone kidney transplantation and to detect the presence of refractive changes that may cause amblyopia in patient follow-ups. The electronic medical records of 1144 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at the Akdeniz University Hospital Organ Transplant Center between January 2019 and January 2024 were reviewed retrospectively. Of these, 84 pediatric patients who had undergone a complete ophthalmologic examination at least 1 year after kidney transplantation and had no missing data were included in the study. For both eyes, all data were recorded, including Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), refractive error (measured with the KR-8900; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan), spherical equivalent refractions (SER), slit-lamp examination of the anterior segment, and a dilated fundus examination. The average age of patients who underwent kidney transplantation in the study is 13.01 ± 3.43 (6-18). The average follow-up period was 51.81 ± 33.5 (45-129) months. Thirty-five (41.7%) of the patients are female, and 49 (58.3%) are male. Cataracts were observed in 9 (10.7%) patients during follow-up after transplantation. Cataract development was observed on average in 5.6 years. Posterior subcapsular cataracts were observed in seven patients, cortical cataract in one patient, and anterior polar cataract in one patient. The mean preoperative visual acuity value in patients who developed cataracts after kidney transplantation was 0.00 logMAR, while it was measured as 0.19 logMAR in the postoperative period, and this decrease is statistically significant (p = 0.027). In patients who did not develop cataracts during the follow-up period, there was no statistically significant change in visual acuity in both eyes (p = 0.109). When all eyes are evaluated, the change in SER after kidney transplantation is not statistically significant compared with before (p = 0.689 for the right eye, p = 0.596 for the left eye). Although children receive longer-term immunosuppressive treatment, their cataract development rates are lower than those of adults. Despite intensive and prolonged immunosuppression therapy after kidney transplantation, cataract development and refractive changes in the pediatric age group are at an acceptable level. Especially in children who are too young to express themselves clearly, monitoring refractive changes is crucial to prevent permanent vision loss.

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg (Afl 8) for the therapy of treatment-naïve and pretreated diabetic macular edema (DME) in a clinical routine setting. A multicenter, retrospective cohort study of consecutive DME patients treated with Afl 8 over 12 months. One hundred fifty-six eyes (124 patients) with DME, including 42 (26.9%) treatment-naïve and 114 (73.1%) pretreated eyes receiving Afl 8 for 1 year. Data from electronic medical records were collected retrospectively at 5 predefined time points. The primary outcomes were the mean changes in corrected visual acuity (VA), center-point retinal thickness (CRT), central subfield thickness (CST), treatment intervals, and adverse events (AEs). Secondary outcomes included the number of injections, persistent fluid, and treatment adherence. These parameters were recorded from the beginning of anti-VEGF treatment until switching occurred in pretreated eyes. Mean change in VA, CRT, CST, treatment intervals, and AEs. In treatment-naïve eyes, VA improved from 72.9 ± 10.7 ETDRS letters at baseline to 77.7 ± 9.7 (P = 0.006); and from 73.9 ± 11.2 to 75.4 ± 10.1 ETDRS letters (P = 0.094) in pretreated eyes. Central subfield thickness decreased in both groups (naïve: 448.9 ± 154.3 μm to 320.0 ± 80.1 μm, P < 0.001; pretreated: 336.6 ± 90.5 μm to 310.2 ± 69.9 μm, P = 0.047). After 12 months, 38.1% of naïve eyes and 27.2% of pretreated eyes were free of retinal fluid in the central 1 mm. In treatment-naïve eyes, the mean treatment interval was 15.3 ± 12.0 weeks at 12 months. In pretreated eyes, the interval increased from 7.6 ± 3.7 weeks at the time of switching to 13.0 ± 9.0 weeks (P < 0.001). Two eyes (4.8%) in the naïve group and 16 eyes (14%) in the switcher group were switched away within the first year due to insufficient response to Afl 8 therapy. No AEs were reported in the treatment-naïve group. In the pretreated group, 3 cases of noninfectious intraocular inflammation (IOI; 1.9%; 1 recurrent), 2 instances of acute intraocular pressure rise, and 1 vitreous hemorrhage were reported. Afl 8 offers a promising approach to reducing the treatment burden in DME. It enables extended dosing intervals without compromising efficacy and safety, especially in refractory eyes. However, a possibly increased rate of mild IOI has been observed. Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

The aim of this study was to describe the surgical approach and outcomes of artificial endothelial layer (EndoArt) implantation in chronic corneal edema. Fifteen eyes of 15 patients with chronic corneal edema were implanted with an artificial endothelial keratoprosthesis (EndoArt, EyeYon Medical, Israel) several months (range: 2-108 months; mean: 42.7 ± 38.5 months) after at least one Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty failure or as a first-line procedure to improve anterior segment visibility ahead of a second procedure (phaco + Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty) in outpatient procedures. A 20% SF 6 -air mixture was used as a tamponade to secure the EndoArt in place. The number of transfixing sutures (1-4) was based on surgeon judgment and preference, considering patient-specific anatomical factors such as aphakia or previous graft configuration. The original technique used only 1 suture. Measured outcomes included changes in central corneal thickness, best corrected visual acuity (logMAR), rebubbling rate, and postoperative complications. The preoperative mean central corneal thickness (844 ± 236 µm) decreased significantly postoperatively in all patients (607 μm ± 251 μm at the last visit (1 to 6 months), reduction of 28%, P -value <0.05). Ten eyes (66.7%) required at least 1 rebubbling. Three eyes required more than 2 rebubblings. Eighty percent of patients (12/15) were pseudophakic at the time of surgery.The mean best corrected visual acuity improved significantly from 2.13 ± 0.19 logMAR preoperatively to 1.84 ± 0.53 logMAR at the final follow-up ( P -value <0.05). Postoperative complications included intraocular pressure elevation (33%), partial implant detachment (66.7%), 1 intraoperative posterior dislocation, and 1 case of retinal detachment. EndoArt may represent a therapeutic option for chronic corneal edema in complex cases where conventional endothelial keratoplasty has failed or carries a high risk of failure. It improves visual acuity and significantly reduces corneal thickness within 3 to 6 months of surgery.

Accuracy of ray pinning compared to model-based image matching for forensic investigations.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of dazdotuftide (TRS01 eye drops), a novel, steroid-free, anti-inflammatory drug in patients with active anterior noninfectious uveitis (NIU), following previous studies in which it had shown a favorable risk/benefit profile with regards to safety and specifically intraocular pressure (IOP) safety profile. A randomized, double-masked, multicenter, active-controlled phase 3 trial. Adults (≤75 years of age) and pediatric patients, with active anterior NIU, with or without uveitic glaucoma, on stable medical therapy for NIU or who had received no prior therapy, requiring further treatment for an active NIU flare-up. Patients eligible for inclusion had Anterior Chamber Cell (ACC) Grade 2 or Grade 3 on Visual Analog Scale in the study eye. Patients were randomized 2:1 to topical TRS01 1% or prednisolone acetate 1% administered 4 times daily for 28 days. Key ocular assessments included slit-lamp examination, ocular pain, Best Corrected Visual Acuity, IOP and dilated ophthalmoscopy. Resolution of inflammation (ACC = 0), clinically meaningful improvement of ACC, ocular pain, flare, and IOP changes on Day 28. The Full Analysis Set included 136 patients; the mean age was 43 years in the TRS01 arm and 42 years in the prednisolone acetate arm. 48% of TRS01 vs 68% of prednisolone acetate patients achieved ACC Grade = 0 on Day 28 (95.1% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.37, -0.02; P = .0311) and 64% of TRS01 vs 89% prednisolone acetate patients experienced clinically meaningful improvement of ACC Grade = 0 or 1, ie, ≤5 cells (95.1% CI: -0.33, -0.06; P = .0049). While TRS01 was found to be inferior to topical steroids to control ACC, TRS01 was noninferior to topical steroids to control flare and ocular pain and exhibited a superior IOP safety compared to topical steroids. For patients who reached ACC = 0, TRS01-treated patients benefited from statistically significantly improved safety outcomes for IOP (including change from baseline and at each IOP threshold evaluated [P < .05]) versus steroid-treated patients. TRS01 offers the potential to serve as an effective and safe treatment option in NIU that meets the urgent need for a drug that controls inflammation without the steroids' associated risk of IOP elevation.

Effect of conbercept combined with dexamethasone implantation on macular thickness, visual function, retinal perfusion, and inflammatory markers in patients with diabetic macular edema: A prospective controlled study.

To assess real-world canaloplasty outcomes in glaucoma management using standardized data from an international registry. The iTrack Global Data Registry (iTGDR) is an ongoing prospective real-world multicenter observational study on ab-interno canaloplasty with the iTrack or iTrack Advance (Nova Eye Medical), with or without concomitant cataract surgery. Patients diagnosed with ocular hypertension or glaucoma (excluding angle-closure glaucoma). Analysis included eyes with a minimum 12 months follow-up from the iTGDR. Both standalone canaloplasty and canaloplasty combined with cataract surgery were included. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma medications were assessed at baseline and postoperative follow-ups. Surgical success was defined according to the 2024 American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) criteria. IOP, number of glaucoma medications, and success rate at last follow-up (LFU). Two hundred and fifty-four patients (344 eyes) were followed over a mean of 20.5 ± 7.9 months (LFU). Following combined canaloplasty and phacoemulsification (n = 313 eyes), mean IOP and medication usage reduced from 17.2 ± 5.3 mm Hg and 2.1 ± 1.1 preoperatively to 14.1 ± 3.9 mm Hg and 1.3 ± 1.4 at LFU (P < .001); 61.9% of all combined eyes achieved success (increasing to 83% in eyes with baseline IOP > 18 mm Hg), while 43% of eyes became medication-free (vs 7% preoperatively). Standalone canaloplasty (n = 24 eyes) reduced IOP and medication usage from 20.2 ± 7.1 mm Hg and 2.3 ± 0.9 to 15.3 ± 6.3 mm Hg and 1.5 ± 1.6 (P < .01); 35% of eyes achieved success, and 46% of eyes became medication-free (vs none preoperatively). IOP and medication reductions were significant across glaucoma subtypes (primary and secondary open-angle glaucoma, ocular hypertension) and severities (P < .01 for all). The rate of additional glaucoma procedures was 4.9%, including laser procedures; no canaloplasty-related sight-threatening complications were reported. A loss of ≥2 lines of corrected distance visual acuity occurred in 7.3% of eyes, most commonly in association with pre-existing advanced disease or unrelated ocular comorbidities. In real-world clinical practice, iTrack canaloplasty significantly reduced IOP and medication burden with a favorable safety profile when performed alone or with phacoemulsification and in diverse glaucoma populations.

Postoperative Dynamics of Full-Thickness Macular Holes: Insights from High-Resolution OCT Under Gas Tamponade.

Adalimumab-Induced Changes in NK Cells Phenotype, Receptors, and Functions After Clinical Remission of Behçet's Uveitis.

School greenspace and myopia incidence and burden in Chinese children and adolescents: The Guangzhou children and adolescents cohort study.

Purpose: To systematically evaluate and compare the effectiveness and safety of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopic correction through thorough synthesis of contemporary evidence. Methods: Systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive scarches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus from January 2020 to December 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, prospective comparative studies, retrospective comparative studies, and meta- analysis comparing at least two of the three techniques for myopic correction with minimum 6-month follow-up. Primary outcomes included uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive predictability (+0.50 D and +1.OO D), efficacy index and safety index. Secondary outcomes encompassed intraoperative and postoperative complications, corneal ectasia, contrast sensitivity, higher-order aberrations (coma, spherical aberration, total HOAs), and dry eye parameters (tear break-up time, Schirmer test, Ocular Surface Disease Index). Results: From 1,034 initially identified records, 230 unique studies underwent full-text review, with 30 studies meeting inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis. AlI techniques achieved excellent visual outcomes with efficacy indices 0.94 and comparable postoperative UDVA and CDVA SMILE produced significantly larger effective optical zones (22.18 + 2.61 mm) compared to LASIK (19.54 + 1.44 mm) and PRK (19.39 + 1.66 mm), correlating with reduced spherical aberration induction. Post-refractive ectasia incidence without identifiable preoperative risk factors was lowest for SMILE (11 per 100.000 eyes), followed by PRK (20 per 100.000), and highest for LASIK (90 per 100.000), with LASIK demonstrating 4.5-fold higher risk than PRK Dry eye symptoms were most pronounced following LASIK due to extensive corneal nerve disruption, while SMILE showed superior preservation of corneal biomechanical integrity. Conclusions: SMILE, LASIK, and PRK achieve comparable refraction results for myopic correction with efficacy indices exceeding 0.94 across all modalities However SMILE offers distinct advantages including larger effective optical zones, reduced higher-order aberration induction, lower ectasia risk and better preservation of corneal biomechanics and tear film stability: LASIK remains associated with higher ectasia rates and more pronounced dry eye symptoms PRK demonstrates intermediate safety profiles with prolonged visual recovery. Technique selection should be individualized based on preoperative corneal parameters, refraction error magnitude, patient occupation, and risk tolerance for specific complications.

To evaluate the differences in near point of convergence (NPC), fusional vergence, saccadic eye movements, versional eye movements, and heterophoria between patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy subjects. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted, enrolling two cohorts: a PD group and a healthy control group. The PD group was recruited via non-random convenience sampling, while the control group was selected randomly from individuals without PD. All participants were screened according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria before undergoing a comprehensive optometric assessment, which included measurements of uncorrected visual acuity, corrected visual acuity, and objective and subjective refraction. Subsequently, binocular vision function evaluations were performed, covering NPC measurement, fusional vergence reserve assessment at both distance and near, saccadic eye movement testing, and versional eye movement and heterophoria assessment. A total of 42 PD patients and 41 healthy controls were included in the final analysis. The two groups were well-matched in terms of sex distribution [29 males (69.0%) in the PD group vs 29 males (70.7%) in the control group, P=0.867] and mean age (55.3±9.6y in the PD group vs 54.9±9.8y in the control group, P=0.866). The prevalence of abnormal versional eye movements was significantly higher in the PD group than in the control group (23.81%, 95%CI: 12.05%-39.45% vs 7.32%, 95%CI: 1.54%-19.92%; P=0.025). Near exophoria was more prevalent in PD patients (61.90%, 95%CI: 45.64%-76.43%) than in controls (17.07%, 95%CI: 7.15%-32.06%), with a significant difference [odds ratio (OR)=7.99; 95%CI: 2.83-21.99; P<0.001]. The mean NPC was significantly greater (more receded) in the PD group than in the control group (9.01±3.74 cm vs 7.20±2.15 cm; P=0.007). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between PD severity and NPC values (Pearson's correlation coefficient=0.309; P=0.046). Except for distance base-out break and distance base-out recovery values, all other fusional vergence parameters were significantly lower in the PD group than in the control group (P<0.05). The mean saccadic test score was significantly lower in PD patients than in controls (3.29±0.57 vs 3.78±0.42; P<0.001). Among all fusional vergence indices, near base-in blur yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC=0.877), with a sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 90%, followed by distance base-out blur (AUC=0.824, sensitivity=97.6%, specificity=66.7%), near base-out blur (AUC=0.814, sensitivity=76.2%, specificity=72.7%), near base-out break (AUC=0.749, sensitivity=78.6%, specificity=67.6%), and near base-out recovery (AUC=0.749, sensitivity=95.2%, specificity=50%). PD is associated with significant binocular vision function impairment, with receded NPC and reduced near fusional vergence reserves being the most prominent disorders. These findings highlight the potential value of binocular vision assessment as a non-invasive biomarker for the early detection and clinical monitoring of PD.

To explore the factors influencing the treatment duration and visual prognosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (CMVR) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). All participants received ganciclovir intravenous infusion or oral and intravitreal injection of ganciclovir (IVG) 3 mg twice a week for 4 consecutive times (induction phase). The affected eyes were divided into stop treatment group (Group A), continue treatment group (Group B), and relapse after treatment group (Group C) according to whether local therapy could be terminated at the end of the induction phase and whether CMVR recurred within 3mo after the termination of local therapy. The study included 31 participants (48 eyes) diagnosed with CMVR including 11 males and 20 females. The mean age was (28±8.2)y. There were 17 cases of binocular disease (34 eyes) and 14 cases of monocular disease (14 eyes). Visual acuity improved in 26 eyes (54.1%), remained unchanged in 9 eyes (18.8%), and decreased in 13 eyes (27.1%). The peak value of blood CMV in Group B was significantly higher than that in Group A (P=0.013). The number of eyes with anterior chamber inflammation in Group C was significantly lower than that in Groups A and B (P=0.015, P=0.016). The average number of interval days was higher in Group A than in Group B. For Group A, there was a strong positive correlation between the number of eyes with CMV positive blood (r=0.712, P=0.031) and visual acuity changes. For Group B, there was a moderately strong positive correlation between the days of blood CMV after transplantation (r=0.371, P=0.043) and the times of injections. For Group C, there was a strong positive correlation between the peak value of blood CMV (r=0.719, P=0.029) and the times of injection. Systemic use of antivirals combined with intravitreal injection of antivirals is effective for patients with CMVR after allo-HSCT surgery. Patients with shorter interval days, higher peak or more days of blood CMV need more injections. Patients with positive blood CMV at initial diagnosis have worse visual prognosis.

To determine the prevalence of tropia, phoria, and abnormality of near point of convergence (NPC), along with associated ocular symptoms, in high school students. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Erbil, Iraq. The target population consisted of high school students selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Comprehensive visual examinations were performed for all students, including measurement of uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, objective and subjective refraction, and distance and near cover tests. NPC was evaluated using a single 6/12 visual target mounted on a centrally positioned Gulden fixation stick. Ocular symptoms were investigated through interviews. Of the 996 selected students, 921 participated in the study. Of them, 543 (58.96%) were female, and their ages ranged from 13 to 22y. The prevalence of tropia was 3.58% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.38%-4.78%], observed in 3.44% of males and 3.68% of females. Exotropia (1.95%, 95%CI: 1.06%-2.85%) was more common than esotropia (1.52%, 95%CI: 0.73%-2.31%). The 15.42% (95%CI: 13.09%-17.75%) of students had phoria. Exophoria (13.79%, 95%CI: 11.56%-16.02%) was significantly more prevalent than esophoria (1.63%, 95%CI: 0.81%-2.45%). The prevalence of NPC abnormality in the total study population was 24.97% (95%CI: 22.18%-27.77%). It was 26.72% (95%CI: 22.26%-31.18%) in males and 23.76% (95%CI: 20.18%-27.34%) in females (P=0.307). The most common symptom in phoria was headache (86.62%, 95%CI: 81.02%-92.22%), followed by tired or sore eyes (61.97%, 95%CI: 53.99%-69.96%). The most common symptoms in tropia were blurry vision (93.94%, 95%CI: 79.77%-99.26%) and difficulty concentrating (87.88%, 95%CI: 76.74%-99.01%). Among Erbil's high school students, the prevalence of strabismus, particularly the exodeviation type, is relatively high, and a significant percentage of students have NPC abnormalities. Addressing and correcting these binocular vision problems, due to their associated visual symptoms, can lead to an improvement in students' quality of life and academic performance.

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of a new minimally invasive technique using horizontal mattress sutures and Hoffman pockets for four-point refixation of dislocated four-haptic intraocular lenses (IOLs). This retrospective consecutive case series included eyes with dislocated Akreos AO60 IOLs underwent scleral refixation using a horizontal mattress double-needle suture technique with intralamellar knot burial via Hoffman pockets. Clinical outcomes assessed included pre- and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), spherical equivalent (SE), suture duration, IOL centration, and perioperative complications. A total of 10 eyes from 10 patients (6 males) were included. The mean age at the time of IOL refixation was 53.10±13.07y (range: 28-68y). The mean interval between initial IOL implantation and dislocation was 8.44±3.54y. The mean postoperative follow-up duration was 11.45±10.30mo. Surgical time averaged 15.3±1.77min, with no intraoperative complications. The mean axial length was 27.16±4.35 mm, with high myopia (HM) as the leading comorbidity (4/10 eyes). Postoperative BCVA significantly improved compared to preoperative values (P=0.025). Postoperative SE was significantly improved compared with preoperative (P=0.01). All IOLs remained centered throughout follow-up. This minimally invasive four-point scleral fixation technique offers a safe and effective refixation strategy for dislocated four-haptic IOLs. The horizontal mattress suture configuration combined with Hoffman pockets facilitates durable centration, avoids conjunctival dissection, and could be adopted into routine surgical practice.

To evaluate the clinical, functional, and quality-of-life outcomes of next-generation SynergEyes UltraHealth® hybrid contact lenses (HCLs) in patients with moderate to advanced keratoconus or irregular astigmatism who failed to achieve adequate visual rehabilitation with conventional optical correction methods. This retrospective study included 31 patients diagnosed with keratoconus or irregular astigmatism who were intolerant of, or inadequately corrected with, silicone hydrogel soft lenses, or rigid gas-permeable (RGP) lenses. During follow-up, 3 patients (6 eyes) discontinued HCL use due to intolerance, leaving 53 eyes of 28 patients for analysis. All patients were fitted with SynergEyes UltraHealth® HCLs. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) with RGP lenses or soft lenses and HCL-corrected visual acuity (HCVA) were recorded at baseline and at 6months. Kmax, central corneal thickness, and apex values were recorded using Pentacam®. Vision-related quality of life was assessed using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25). The mean Kmax was 58.5 ± 6.3 D, indicating predominantly moderate-to-advanced keratoconus. HCVA improved significantly from 0.42 ± 0.22 logMAR to 0.13 ± 0.11 logMAR (p = 0.02). HCVA of 0.22 logMAR or better was achieved in 88.6% of eyes. NEI-VFQ-25 scores demonstrated marked improvements, particularly in general vision, near and distance activities, social functioning, and vision-related mental health (all p < 0.05).Additionally, there was an increase in eye pain scores(higher scores indicate less pain according to this scale), with higher scores associated with better outcomes; only three patients (six eyes) discontinued hybrid contact lens use due to intolerance, and no serious eye complications were observed. Next-generation hybrid contact lenses provide significant improvements in visual acuity and vision-related quality of life in patients with advanced keratoconus and irregular astigmatism. SynergEyes UltraHealth® lenses are an effective and well-tolerated alternative, particularly for patients intolerant of RGP lenses.

To describe the clinical findings and report the incidence of patients developing non-infectious intraocular inflammation (IOI) following intravitreal faricimab injections (IVFs). A retrospective review of electronic medical records was conducted for patients receiving faricimab intravitreal injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular oedema (DMO) at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom, over a 24-month period. 3985 eyes from 3151 patients were included and underwent a total of 28,535 IVFs (20,982 for nAMD, 7553 for DMO). 57 eyes from 46 patients presented at least one episode of IOI. The 2-year estimated incidence of IOI was 0.20% [95% CI 0.15-0.26] per injection, 1.43% [95% CI 1.08-1.85] per eye and 1.46% [95% CI 1.07-1.94] per patient. Mean visual acuity (VA) was significantly different between the day of IVF (0.48 ± 0.43 logMAR, range: 0-1.8) and the day of IOI diagnosis (0.67 ± 0.52, range: 0-2.3) (p < 0.001). VA after IOI resolution showed no significant difference from baseline (p > 0.99). Intravitreal injections were resumed in 42 eyes. IVFs re-challenge was attempted in 9 eyes, with 5 developing another episode of IOI. This study describes one of the largest reported cohorts of IOI cases following faricimab treatment. It confirms that the incidence of IOI is rare and aligns with the rates of IVF-related adverse effects reported in clinical trials and in recent real-world studies. Overall, faricimab demonstrated a favourable safety profile with good prognosis in cases of IOI.

We conducted a prospective, single-arm, open-label study to evaluate the feasibility and safety of an exchange procedure for the travoprost intracameral implant. Adult subjects with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who had previously received a travoprost intracameral implant were enrolled at 12 sites in the United States and one in the Philippines. Subjects were administered a new travoprost intracameral implant followed by removal of the previous implant ("exchange" procedure). The primary outcome measures were treatment-emergent adverse events, and other ocular safety parameters (i.e., endothelial cell density, visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and visual fields). Thirty-three subjects who had received a travoprost intracameral implant for a mean duration of 4.2years prior were recruited. All subjects were successfully implanted with a new implant, and the previous implant was successfully removed. There were no treatment-related serious adverse events, or severe treatment-related adverse events in the eye that underwent the exchange procedure. No subject required a subsequent explantation. Travoprost intracameral implant demonstrated an acceptable safety profile both during and after the exchange procedure, supporting its re-administration. gov NCT04615403.

Visual acuity and retinal thickness outcomes following anti-VEGF therapy in RVO: influence of early vs. delayed treatment.

To report 1.5-year real-world outcomes on the incidence of sterile intraocular inflammation (IOI) following intravitreal aflibercept 8mg injections, with emphasis on differences between vial and pre-filled syringe (PFS) use. This retrospective multicenter study reviewed the electronic medical records of all patients who received aflibercept 8mg injections at Vista Augenklinik sites between March 1, 2024, and November 30, 2025. The primary outcome was the incidence of IOI per injection. Secondary analyses included stratification by treatment indication and by vial versus PFS administration. A total of 2631 injections were administered to 453 eyes of 398 patients. IOI was documented in 41 eyes (37 patients), corresponding to an incidence of 1.56% per injection (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-2.41), 9.05% per eye (95% CI, 7.13-13.0), and 9.30% per patient (95% CI, 7.0-13.32). Mean time to presentation was 7.3days (range 2-31) after a mean of 4.7 injections. All cases presented with anterior chamber and/or vitreous inflammation without posterior involvement. No retinal vasculitis or infiltrates were observed. Inflammation resolved with topical corticosteroids and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), with no significant change in best-corrected visual acuity (VA) compared to pre-event VA (20/32 versus 20/35 Snellen equivalent, p = 0.62). The incidence differed significantly between formulations: 2.26% per injection with the vial versus 0.21% per injection with the PFS (p = 0.010). In a real-world setting, aflibercept 8mg was associated with a higher incidence of IOI than reported in pivotal trials, particularly when administered from vials. Conversion to the PFS markedly reduced the incidence, suggesting a formulation- or preparation-related effect. All cases were mild, anterior, and reversible under topical therapy without long-term visual impact.