Technological Innovation Activities Research Articles

Examining Factors Influencing the Integration of Blockchain Technology in the Freight Logistics Sector of Pakistan

This study examines the blockchain usage of Pakistan's freight logistics industry. A structural equation model is used to explore latent dimensions such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, attitude, and behavioral intention. To understand the specific factors impacting technology adoption decisions in this geographical and industrial location, a diverse sample of 245 Pakistan goods logistics sector operators will be explored. The findings reveal that perceived ease of use influences logistics professionals' behavioral intentions. The significance of clever and user-friendly interfaces emphasizes technology experiences that satisfy the expectations of Pakistani goods logistics workers. However, the perceived utility has a complicated relationship with behavioral intention, emphasizing the need for targeted actions to boost the perceived value of Blockchain technology in Pakistan's logistics business. Subjective norm is a major predictor of behavioral intention. This demonstrates how social and cultural factors influence Pakistani logistics workers' ambitions to use Blockchain. The correlation matrix and covariance analysis demonstrate that there are significant positive relationships between attitude, behavioral intention, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and subjective norm. This detailed examination of the adoption environment offers practitioners, policymakers, and academics context-specific insights, setting the framework for informed freight logistics technology adoption and innovation activities in Pakistan.

Examining Factors Influencing the Integration of Blockchain Technology in the Freight Logistics Sector of Pakistan

This study examines the blockchain usage of Pakistan's freight logistics industry. A structural equation model is used to explore latent dimensions such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, attitude, and behavioral intention. To understand the specific factors impacting technology adoption decisions in this geographical and industrial location, a diverse sample of 245 Pakistan goods logistics sector operators will be explored. The findings reveal that perceived ease of use influences logistics professionals' behavioral intentions. The significance of clever and user-friendly interfaces emphasizes technology experiences that satisfy the expectations of Pakistani goods logistics workers. However, the perceived utility has a complicated relationship with behavioral intention, emphasizing the need for targeted actions to boost the perceived value of Blockchain technology in Pakistan's logistics business. Subjective norm is a major predictor of behavioral intention. This demonstrates how social and cultural factors influence Pakistani logistics workers' ambitions to use Blockchain. The correlation matrix and covariance analysis demonstrate that there are significant positive relationships between attitude, behavioral intention, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and subjective norm. This detailed examination of the adoption environment offers practitioners, policymakers, and academics context-specific insights, setting the framework for informed freight logistics technology adoption and innovation activities in Pakistan.

RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF GREEN FINANCE ON GREEN TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION

The green technology innovation of enterprises cannot succeed without the support of capital. Financing constraints are the bottleneck of green technology innovation activities carried out by enterprises. In this regard, the government has adopted green finance-related policies, and the financial institutions have supported more efficient green technology innovation in enterprises with financial instruments like green credit and green bonds. This article, with the starting point of green finance, the study object of financial data of A-share listed companies from 2016 to 2021, and the mediator of financing constraints, studies the impact of green finance on green technology innovation through finding the correlation between enterprises’ annual ESG rating and financing constraints. This study finds: the impact of green finance on green technology innovation is positive; financing constraints are the mediator between green finance and green technology innovation; and there is a negative correlation between enterprises’ ESG management performance and their financing constraints.
 On account of the conclusion of this article, the suggestions are as follows: it is necessary for the government to design the development framework of the green economy in a top-down way and to encourage financial institutions and enterprises to work together in terms of green innovation; financial institutions should actively practice the philosophy of green development and broaden the supporting channels of green finance; and enterprises need to focus on the philosophy of ESG development in order to gain more support for green investment capital.

Инновационная среда России на современном этапе развития экономики

Modern leadership of economies is ensured by the trend of innovative development. Innovation-oriented economic growth is the number one issue for developed countries. The new stage of Russia's technological development, achievement of technological sovereignty requires new actions. An important condition for the implementation of in-novation activity is the innovation environment. Effective development of innovation environment favors innovative development. This article analyzes the external conditions and internal environment defined as the innovation environment. The article analyzes the current state of Russia's innovation environment on the basis of international inno-vation indices and ratings affecting various aspects of countries, participants, statistical surveys of innovation process-es in the Russian economy. The peculiarities of Russia's innovative development in the scientific and production, insti-tutional environment, the totality of resources, the characteristics of internal capabilities have been revealed. It is estab-lished that the positions of intellectual, material and infrastructural factors, the degree of impact of the results of inno-vation activity on the economy and society are low. Indicators demonstrate insufficient efficiency of resource utiliza-tion, the results of scientific and technological innovation activity. The efficiency of innovation activity of economies depends on the state scientific, technological and innovation policy that provides incentive priority development of various industries, institutional conditions that ensure technological leadership, research and development work for enterprises that create innovative products. Thus, it is necessary to increase the level of innovation activity of economic entities, to increase the amount of funding for research and development, the implementation of measures contributing to the innovative development of the Russian Federation.

The Impact of Capital Market Opening on Enterprise Green Technology Innovation: Insights from the Shanghai–Hong Kong Stock Connect

China’s economy has experienced a period of remarkable growth and entered a stage of high-quality development, necessitating the implementation of innovative eco-friendly practices involving green technology innovation. The capital market environment plays a direct role in influencing the sources and scale of external financing for businesses, thus affecting their green technology innovation activities. The Shanghai–Hong Kong Stock Connect (SHSC) mechanism in China is the first official two-way opening of China’s capital market. Therefore, this paper regards the SHSC policy as a quasi-natural experiment platform for the opening of the capital market and employs a difference-in-difference methodology to investigate the impact of the SHSC policy on enterprise green technology innovation and its influence mechanisms. The overall sample covers Chinese A-share listed enterprises from 2012 to 2017. The findings demonstrate that the SHSC policy significantly enhances the level of green technology innovation by enhancing corporate governance and alleviating financing constraints. Non-state-owned enterprises are more affected than state-owned ones, and there is no significant difference in the impact between heavily polluting industries and non-heavily polluting ones.

Economic policy uncertainty and the inhibitory effect of firms' green technology innovation

Given the potential unforeseen impacts of environmental regulation changes on the innovative activities of micro agents, it is crucial to examine the effects of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on business development. Several studies have shown that uncertainty acts as a hindrance and can hinder business innovation. This study utilizes data from 807 listed companies spanning from 2007 to 2019 and employs a double fixed-effects model to investigate the influence of EPU on enterprises' green technology innovation activities. The results reveal that EPU decreased firms' green technology innovation. Moreover, EPU inhibits corporate green technology innovation by increasing corporate financing constraints. Thus, financing constraints mediate between EPU and enterprises' level of green technology innovation, with increased market competition reducing the inhibiting effect of EPU on innovation. Furthermore, EPU decreases green technology innovation more among nonstate-owned and low-tech businesses than state-owned and high-tech businesses. This paper reveals the intrinsic mechanism of EPU on firms' innovation, clarifies the technological innovation process, and provides insights into governmental environmental governance from the perspective of EPU.

Technological innovation, militarization, and environmental change: evidence from BRICS economies.

In the complex international society, the economic development and defense construction of BRICS countries have attracted increasing attention. This article incorporates technological innovation, militarization, and environmental change into a unified analytical framework to assess the potential impact of technological progress and defense military expenditure on the environment in BRICS countries. Based on CSD tests, unit root tests, and cointegration tests, this study constructs a CS-ARDL model to examine the long-term and short-term relationships among various variables from 1990 to 2021. The results show that technological innovation, military expenditure, and economic growth can significantly increase ecological footprint in the long run, while in the short term, technological innovation and economic growth significantly increase ecological footprint, and the impact of military expenditure is not significant. It is suggested that BRICS countries should focus on supporting low-carbon technology policies and research and development investment, while also considering the use of cutting-edge technology to improve military intelligence capabilities in order to reduce the negative impact of technological innovation and military activities on the environment.

Economic Crisis and its Effects on ERP Adoption in Sri Lanka

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems are comprehensive software platforms that are specifically designed to manage a wide range of a business's essential processes, including finance, accounting, human resources, procurement, inventory management and project management. In the event of a country facing forthcoming economic collapse, organizations often find it challenging to determine the technological innovation activities they should engage in. The proliferation of the IT industry and its associated value proposition has led to the adoption of ERP systems becoming a popular strategic decision for businesses in the contemporary world. However, organizations' perception affects their inclination to adopt new technologies during economic crises. Hence, identifying factors influencing ERP adoption and assessing crises' impact on such systems is crucial. This research endeavor aims to examine the factors that are likely to exert a significant influence on the adoption of ERP systems within the context of Sri Lanka. The study adopts the Technological - Organizational – Environmental (TOE) framework to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors that affect the adoption of ERP systems in organizations in Sri Lanka. This study seeks to investigate how the factors identified impact the adoption of ERP systems and how the turbulent economic condition in Sri Lanka has affected it. Existing scholarly literature on ERP adoption during an economic crisis is relatively scarce, and thus, this study will fill a critical gap in the body of knowledge. Furthermore, this study will offer invaluable insights into the importance of the identified factors, ICT Infrastructure, Human Capital, Competitive Pressure, Demand for Products or Services and Trading Partners’ Readiness for business communities in Sri Lanka. Also, this will provide insights into how a country's finance affects ERP adoption, helping organizations make informed technology adoption decisions. Keywords: Economic crisis, Enterprise Resource Planning systems, ERP adoption, Innovation and Technology, Technology adoption and PLS-SEM.

THE ANTECEDENT FACTOR AND OUTCOME OF MANAGEMENT INNOVATION IN SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES: A CUSTOMER RELATION CONTEXT

As the major business environment changes, there is a growing need for management innovation to strengthen the organisation. Large enterprises such as GE, which promoted Six Sigma, and Toyota, which installed innovative production systems using the Kanban method, have rooted management innovation in their corporate cultures. However, although there are precedent cases limited to some high-tech ventures, the actual state of management innovation in low-tech small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the SMEs in Japan’s relatively low-tech industrial areas using structural equation modelling. This study found that collaboration with customers is an important antecedent factor for management innovation. Moreover, management innovation mediates the relationship between the collaboration with customers and technological innovation activities and between the former and firm performance. The explanatory power of management innovation on firm performance is weak. This paper provides deep insights into the role of management innovation in SMEs.

Towards firm-specific technology opportunities: A rule-based machine learning approach to technology portfolio analysis

Despite the substantial contributions of many studies on firm-specific technology opportunity analysis (TOA), there is a lack of understanding of the technology portfolios of organizations and actors of technology innovation activities. The study proposes a new firm-specific TOA approach using graph representation, rule-based machine learning, and index analysis. First, organizations’ technology portfolios are characterized by multiple graphs consisting of technological components based on their own patent information. Second, given an organization of interest for a TOA, its core technology, which is represented as links between technological components, is defined and significant association rules are identified through our rule-based machine learning pipeline. Third, new-to-firm technology opportunities are identified from a set of association rules and evaluated using quantitative metrics. Finally, we examine the evaluation metrics on which each organization focuses by tracking the patenting activities of the organizations after the analysis period. Consequently, we can enhance the understanding of organizational technology portfolios and provide firm-specific technology opportunities. Our empirical results for multiple organizations showed that the proposed approach is effective and valuable as a decision-supporting tool for TOA in practice.

Do government subsidies promote enterprise innovation?——Evidence from Chinese listed companies

The original intention of the government was to provide financial subsidies to firms by implementing innovation support policies. In turn, this will encourage these firms to carry out technological innovation activities. However, there are still differing views in the academic community on whether government subsidies have a stimulating effect or a crowding-out effect on enterprise innovation. The theoretical and empirical research conclusions are uncertain. In this study, samples unlisted companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets in China from 2012 to 2020. The entrepreneurial spirit is the entry point to empirically testing the impact of government subsidies on enterprise innovation under financial constraints. The research results show how government subsidies have a significant stimulating impact on enterprise technological innovation activities. More subsidies don't necessarily mean better results because research shows an inverted U-shape. Entrepreneurial spirit plays a significant moderating role in transmitting and optimizing the driving effect of government subsidies. Further heterogeneity analysis shows that government subsidies and entrepreneurial spirit have different driving and moderating effects on the innovation of enterprises with differing natures and scales depending on the region. From a regional perspective, eastern enterprises are better suited in optimizing government subsidies to stimulate enterprise innovation. From the perspective of enterprise nature, private enterprises are more motivated and better able to optimize government subsidies than state-owned enterprises. Regarding enterprise scale, small and medium-sized enterprises can more efficiently optimize government subsidies to stimulate enterprise innovation than large enterprises. The contribution of this paper is to expand the understanding of the impact of government subsidies on enterprise innovation activities.

FORMALIZATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL PROVISIONS OF THE STATE POLICY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES AND THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SECTOR ACCORDING TO WORLD EXPERIENCE

The article highlights the need to study world experience as a basic element in the development and implementation of state policy, especially in the field of high-tech and digital economic development. The importance of a comprehensive approach to the construction of the state policy for the development of high-tech industries and the ICT sector is emphasized and its main elements are highlighted: the purpose, goals, subjects, objects, functions, principles, methods, tools, means. In the context of the study of the world experience of the implementation of such a state policy, attention is focused on the processes of resource provision, infrastructural development, normative and legal regulation, institutional and organizational management, production and technological development, investment and innovation activities, information and communication exchange and others. The study of the world experience of the state policy of the development of high-tech industries and the ICT sector makes it possible to note that the state acts as a driving force in creating a favorable environment for the stable establishment and expansion of the production and sale of high-tech products with a high level of implementation of digitization processes. The experience of developed countries confirms the priority of the state policy for the development of high-tech industries and the ICT sector with the following leading strategic goals: the formation of the internal market of innovations and technologies and its integration into the country’s economic system; development and implementation of progressive projects of high-tech production and digitization of the economy; improvement of organizational-technical and financial-economic accessibility of innovations and digital technologies; creation and development of innovative technological and informational digital infrastructure; development of inter-branch and inter-sectoral technical-technological and information-communication cooperation; creation and development of the national ecosystem of digital and technological transformation.

제약․바이오 기업의 경영전략 유형이 비재무적 성과에 미치는 영향：기술혁신 활동의 조절 효과를 고려하여

제약․바이오 기업의 경영전략 유형이 비재무적 성과에 미치는 영향：기술혁신 활동의 조절 효과를 고려하여

Equilibrium stability of dynamic duopoly Cournot game under heterogeneous strategies, asymmetric information, and one-way R&D spillovers

Abstract Bounded rationality, asymmetric information, and R&D spillovers are widely existed in monopoly markets, and they have been researched separately by a large number of literatures; however, there are few works that discussed both R&D spillovers and asymmetric information in oligopolistic games with bounded rational firms. Considering that R&D spillovers only flow from the R&D leader to the R&D follower, a duopoly Cournot game with heterogeneous expectations and asymmetric information is presented. In our model, a firm with private information of his marginal cost is designed, and the coefficient of R&D spillovers is introduced. Interesting findings show the following: (i) In a static duopoly Cournot game with perfect rationality, the equilibrium output of firm 1 with private information is negatively related to R&D spillovers and the probability of high marginal cost, while firm 2’s equilibrium output is positively correlated with them. (ii) In a dynamic duopoly Cournot game with asymmetric information and heterogeneous expectations, if firms adopt adaptive expectation and naïve expectation respectively, the Nash equilibrium is always globally asymptotically stable; if they use adaptive expectation and gradient dynamical expectation respectively, the Nash equilibrium tends to be locally asymptotically stable under certain conditions. Furthermore, the bigger the probability of high marginal cost or R&D spillovers are, the more volatile the monopoly market is, while higher technology innovation efficiency (TIE) of firm 1 is conducive to the stability of the product market. Our study would have theoretical and practical significance to the technological innovation activities of homogeneous products in oligopoly markets.

Regional production restriction policy and firms’ green transition: Evidence from Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

Taking the regional production restriction policy in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas (BTH2+26) -- Chinese off-peak production (COPP) policy in heating season from 2017 -- as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper adopts the DID method to explore how the COPP policy impacts firms' green transition from the dual perspective of pollutant emissions reduction and efficiency gains and its internal mechanism. The results show that: (1) The COPP policy can significantly reduce air pollutant emissions without decreasing the TFP of Chinese heavy-polluting listed companies in BTH2+26. (2) Mechanism analysis find that the COPP policy can achieve firms’ green transition that combined emission reduction and efficiency gains, which is due to the promotion effect of technological innovation activities and the reduction effect of environmental costs. (3) Further analysis shows that the COPP policy on the innovation output ability of Chinese heavy-polluting companies in BTH2+26 is greater than that on the innovation input ability. (4) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the COPP policy has a more significant promoting effect on the green transition of private enterprises. Our paper can provide empirical evidence and policy recommendation for the Chinese government to promote pollution control in specific regions.

Carbon Emissions Trading and Corporate Green Technology Innovation

Green technology innovation is the cornerstone of achieving green and high-quality development and an important guarantee for China to achieve the goals of "carbon neutrality" and "carbon emission reduction". As a market-oriented environmental policy, the carbon emission trading policy can affect the behavior of enterprises, and its impact on green technology innovation of enterprises deserves in-depth study. Based on the green patent data of A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2021, taking the carbon trading pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper establishes a multi-point difference-in-differences model to explore the impact of carbon trading policy on green technology innovation of enterprises and discusses the regulatory role from the perspective of the carbon price, carbon market liquidity, and carbon market size. Finally, we also conduct a heterogeneity analysis based on the differences in the micro-characteristics of enterprises. The results show that the carbon trading policy significantly promotes the green technology innovation activities of enterprises; The role of carbon emission rights in facilitating enterprises to expand their green technology innovation is stronger for those with higher carbon price, as well as larger carbon trading scale. The market mechanism measured by the liquidity of the carbon market partially explains the promotion role of green technology innovation. Further heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of carbon trading policy on green technology innovation is mainly reflected in non-high-tech enterprises, low-carbon enterprises, and enterprises with high internal control quality. Therefore, we should give play to the incentive role of the carbon price and carbon trading scale, optimize the design of the carbon market system, provide targeted green innovation support for enterprises, and help to achieve carbon emission reduction and green high-quality development.

Review on the influence of enterprise network power on innovation performance

With the advent of economic globalization and knowledge economy with information technology as the core, innovation has increasingly become one of the important sources of building the core competitiveness of enterprises.In the network environment, enterprises are actively or passively embedded in various complex networks, and no enterprise can have a complete sense of technological innovation activities independent of cooperation. As long as there is information exchange and knowledge flow, network power will be derived.Power is the foundation of network governance, and rational allocation of network power has become one of the effective means to improve the innovation performance of network organizations.This paper first defines the relevant concepts of enterprise network power and innovation performance, and then reviews the impact of enterprise network power on innovation performance from four aspects: the relationship between the two, network power allocation, different network power classifications, and different research perspectives. Then, based on existing research results, it discusses and looks forward to future research directions.

Identification of Product Innovation Path Incorporating the FOS and BERTopic Model from the Perspective of Invalid Patents

Under the premise of resource constraint, it is crucial to identify the product innovation opportunities contained in failed patents through external search in order to compensate for the shortcomings of enterprises’ own technology. Due to the cost of patent research and development and the risk of infringement, this paper constructs a product innovation identification path that integrates the FOS and BERTopic model from the perspective of invalid patents. The path consists of three stages, including the identification of the problem to be solved by the product based on functional analysis, the extraction of the subject matter elements based on the core failed patent technology, and the generation and evaluation of innovative solutions based on TRIZ theory and the best- worst method (BWM). Finally, the feasibility of the path constructed in this paper is verified by taking a slurry pump as an example. The application results show that the product innovation identification path constructed in this paper can provide theoretical support for enterprises to carry out technological innovation activities efficiently.

Can Green Technology Innovation Reduce the Operational Risks of Energy-Intensive Enterprises?

Many countries have adopted carbon regulatory policies in pursuit of carbon neutrality, which pose great transition risks for energy-intensive sectors. Using the panel data of 186 Chinese listed enterprises in the energy-intensive sector from 2007 to 2019, this study investigates the impact of green technology innovation on corporate operation risks. Empirical evidence shows that energy-intensive enterprises can effectively reduce their operational risks by participating in green technology innovation activities. This study also proves the mechanism of obtaining the support of public policies and enhancing investor confidence in the capital market, while the mechanism of improving recognition in the consumer market is insignificant. Climate policy uncertainty weakens the stabilizing effect of green technology innovation on operational risks. In addition, green technology innovation has a weak stabilizing effect on the operational risks of state-owned enterprises, while government subsidy can strengthen the stabilizing effect. Finally, the stabilizing effect of green technology innovation on operational risks varies by region, period, scale and ownership. This study and its findings provide theoretical insights for corporate risk management in energy-intensive industries and theoretical analysis for the realization mechanism of the market value of corporate green behavior.

국내 중소기업의 기술경영 세대별 특성을 고려한 산업기술보호 역량 제고 방안

This study began with a research problem that the types of technology leakage may vary depending on the characteristics of generation of technology managemnet, such as management conditions and technology innovation activities of SMEs. Considering these points, it is necessary to prepare a plan to revitalize industrial technology protection in consideration of the characteristics of each generation of technology management. To this end, this study examined the characteristics of each generation of technology management, presented an analysis framework suitable for this, and then examined the cases of technology leakage from SMEs. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that first and second-generation technology management companies may need industrial technology protection activities, which are most important to recognize and separate major assets and establish a minimum management security system. Second, in the case of third and forth generation technology management companies, it was confirmed that additional industrial technology protection activities related to the use of strategic intellectual property rights may be necessary along with strengthening management of key personnel. These analysis results confirm the need to further consider technology innovation capabilities beyond the SME industrial technology protection policy, which has been developed around management conditions by SMEs such as size and industry.