Sustainable Industrial Development Research Articles

Examining nonlinear effects of socioecological drivers on urban solar energy development in China using machine learning and high-dimensional data

In the context of carbon neutrality target, renewable energy sources have been transforming from “supplementary energy” to “main energy”, which have promoted the green and low-carbon transition of global energy supply system. In-depth analyzing the spatial patterns and driving mechanisms of renewable energy expansion are of significance for optimizing the spatial layout of clean power, and avoiding the phenomenon of wind and solar power curtailment. In this paper, we proposed an ensemble learning model to examine the nonlinear effects of physical geography, resource endowment, and socio-economic factors on solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity at the prefecture-level city scale in China. Using the city-level multi-sources geospatial big data, we extensively collected a total of 175 related explanatory variables and cumulative installed capacity of solar PV power for 295 prefecture-level cities of China. The recursive feature elimination algorithm (SVM-REF) is firstly used to extract the optimal feature subset of urban PV capacity from multi-dimensional features variables. Furthermore, three advanced machine learning models (random forest, decision tree, extreme gradient boosting) are developed to identify the key influencing factors and nonlinear driving effect of urban solar PV power expansion in China. The results show that China's PV installation capacity is highly concentrated in Northern and Northwest parts of China, with the occupancy over 70% in 2019. Moreover, the XGBoost model has the best prediction accuracy (R2 = 0.97) among three methods. We also found that total amount of urban water resources, average solar radiation, and population density are the most important controlling factors for urban solar PV capacity expansion in China, with contribution of 35.6%, 17.7%, and 13.3%, respectively. We suggested that urban solar PV layout mode in China is recommended to gradually shift from resource orientation to the “resource-environment-demand” comprehensive orientation. The paper provides a replicable, scalable machine learning models for simulating solar PV power capacity at the prefecture-level city scale, and serves as a motivation for decision-making reference of the macro siting optimization and sustainable development of China's green power industry.

Evaluation of Ergonomic Risks for Construction Workers based on Multicriteria Decision Framework with the Integration of Spherical Fuzzy Set and Alternative Queuing Method

Ergonomic risks critically impact workers’ occupational health, safety, and productivity, and thereby the sustainability of a workforce. In the construction industry, the physical demands and dynamic environment exposes workers to various ergonomic hazards. While previous research has mainly focused on postural risks, there is a need to broaden the scope to include more relevant factors and assess them systematically. This study introduces a multi-criteria decision framework integrating the Spherical Fuzzy Sets (SFSs) and Alternative Queuing Method (AQM) to evaluate and prioritize ergonomic hazards. First, SFSs are employed to quantify the linguistic expressions of experts, addressing the inherent vagueness and uncertainty. Then, an entropy-based objective weighting method is adopted to determine the criteria weights. Finally, AQM is utilized to generate the risk priority. The proposed method has been implemented in a real-life construction project, where “overexertion due to unreasonable task organization”, “hypertension and heart diseases”, and “existing WMSD record” are identified as the top three ergonomic hazards. Then, a thorough discussion of intervention strategies regarding different risk categories is presented to facilitate ergonomic interventions. This proposed decision support system can promote effective ergonomic risk management, benefiting workers’ health and well-being and contributing to the sustainable workforce development of the construction industry.

How Credible Is the 25-Year Photovoltaic (PV) Performance Warranty?—A Techno-Financial Evaluation and Implications for the Sustainable Development of the PV Industry

To support the bankability of PV projects, PV manufacturers have been offering some of the longest warranties in the world, typically in the range of 25–30 years. During the warranty period, PV manufacturers guarantee that the degradation of PV modules will not exceed 0.4–0.6% each year, or the buyer can at any time make a claim to the manufacturer for replacement or compensation for the shortfall. Due to PV popularity, the performance warranty terms have become more and more competitive each year. However, long-term PV operating data are very limited, and the bankruptcy of PV manufacturers has been quite common. Without a proper methodology to assess the adequacy of the warranty fund (WF) reserves of PV manufacturers, the 25-year performance warranty can reflect an empty promise. To ensure sustainable development of the PV industry, this study develops a probability-weighted expected value method to determine the necessary WF reserve based on benchmark field degradation data and a prevailing degradation cap of 0.55% per year. The simulation results show that, unless the manufacturer’s degradation pattern is significantly better than the benchmark degradation profile, 1.302% of the sales value is required for the WF reserve. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that provides WF reserve requirement estimation for 25-year PV performance warranties. The results will provide transparency for PV investors and motivation for PV manufacturers to engage in continuous quality improvement, as all such achievements can now be reflected in the annual report results of manufacturers.

Evaluating the Effect of Prefabricated Building Incentive Policies Using Structural Equation Modeling: A Chinese Empirical Study

Building production increases energy demand, which raises carbon dioxide emissions and leads to environmental degradation. The use of prefabricated buildings has the potential to play an important role in promoting sustainable development in the construction industry, and prefabricated building incentive policies (PBIP) are an effective means of improving the development level of prefabricated buildings (PBDL). This study investigated the significance of PBIP using a structural equation model (SEM) analysis of the results of 519 questionnaire surveys obtained in 10 prefabricated building demonstration cities in China. The results indicate that policy satisfaction has the most substantial impact on PBDL, with direct funding subsidy policy being the most influential factor. Policy application enthusiasm ranks second according to influence on PBDL, while policy awareness has the most negligible impact on PBDL among the examined factors. This research provides a reference for the government to formulate reasonable and effective prefabricated building incentive policies, and it may be useful for promoting the development of prefabricated buildings.

Activation flotation of lime-depressed pyrite with carbon dioxide: Performances, mechanism and pilot-scale application

Activation flotation of lime-depressed pyrite by sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is usually accompanied by safety hazards and environmental pollution. Exploring eco-friendly, economical and effective activator to replace H2SO4 holds great significance for the sustainable development of mining industry. In this study, carbon dioxide (CO2) as a potential activator was applied in activation flotation of lime-depressed pyrite. Micro-flotation experiments results showed CO2 significantly improved the floatability of pyrite, and a maximum recovery of 93.94% was achieved under optimal operating conditions. The activation mechanism was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results indicated the depression of pyrite by lime was attributed to the formation of iron oxide/hydroxide species and calcium film, and CO2 effectively eliminated these hydrophilic compounds from the surface of pyrite, thus promoted the adsorption of xanthate onto the pyrite surface. Moreover, the anodic oxidation of xanthate on pyrite and the influence of CO2 on this process were investigated by cyclic voltammetry measurements. It was found that xanthate oxidation to form dixanthogen was more likely to occur in the presence of CO2, and this reaction replaced pyrite surface oxidation as the dominant anodic process. Finally, pilot-scale experiments were successfully conducted and the recovery of pyrite reached 93.18%, surpassing the ore dressing index of using H2SO4 as activator in actual production at the same period. Moreover, the concentration of sulfate ions in mineral processing wastewater was significantly reduced, and the annual cost of activator can be saved by 0.52 million RMB. The new process of activation flotation pyrite with CO2 has prospects for large-scale application in terms of activation performance, cost-effectiveness and environmental impact.

Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity and Decoupling Mechanism of Resource Curse, Environmental Regulation and Resource Industry Transformation in Post-Development Areas: Evidence from Inner Mongolia, China

Resource curse and environmental regulation are the key bottlenecks that hinder the sustainable development of the resource industry. A reasonable assessment of the decoupling relationship between resource supply, environment regulation and resource industry transformation is helpful to promote the decision-making of industrial restructuring in post-development regions. Taking Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China as the research object, panel data related to resources, environment and industry from 2010 to 2021 are selected to evaluate the spatial and temporal evolution of regional resource supply security, environmental regulatory pressure and resource industry transformation efficiency, measure the decoupling index among the factors, and use geographic detector technology to identify the constraints affecting factor decoupling. The results show the following: (1) the resource curse effect of Inner Mongolia is not significant, and some resource industries have prominent advantages; (2) the security of resource supply and the transformation efficiency of the resource industry show overall upward trend, the pressure of environmental regulation is basically balanced, and the development level of factors in resource-endowed regions and central cities is relatively high; (3) the spatial and temporal evolution of the decoupling relationship between resource supply, environmental regulation and resource industry transformation is uncertain, and the resilience of regional economic and social governance is poor; (4) resource endowment and resource industry advantages are the key that restricts the decoupling of factors, and the cumulative effect of ecological governance is likely to lead to the randomness of the decoupling of environmental regulation and resource industry transformation. In addition, this study suggests that the post-development areas should pay attention to the classification of resource industry relief, trans-regional economic and social collaborative governance and special resources exploitation.

An exploration of operational efficiency, market efficiency, and sustainable development in the banking industry

AbstractSustainable development is the primary goal of the current global economic transformation. The banking industry, as an intermediary institution within the financial system, not only serves as a crucial foundation for national economic development but also plays a key role in the global transition to sustainability and a low‐carbon economy. Banks can leverage the influence of financing to direct funds towards sustainable ventures and simultaneously develop green financial products, guiding ordinary consumers to make more environmentally friendly choices. How the banking industry can effectively improve operational efficiency while considering sustainable development is one of the key focuses of ongoing development in the banking sector. The main aim of this study is to incorporate the aspect of sustainable development into the evaluation of operational efficiency, aligning with the goals of corporate sustainable development. It allows for an analysis of how decision‐makers in the banking industry can adjust resources to maintain stable and sustainable profitability while promoting sustainable development. This study selected 13 financial holding banks and 19 non‐financial holding banks in Taiwan as research subjects, covering the period from 2016 to 2021. Utilizing a meta assurance regions (AR) parallel dynamic two‐stage slacks‐based measure model with “operational stage” and “market and sustainability parallel stage,” the research explores the efficiency performance of banks considering sustainable development. It examines the differences in efficiency performance at various stages among different types of banks. The research findings are as follows: (1) among the banking industry in Taiwan, operational stage efficiency ranks the highest, followed by sustainable stage efficiency, while market stage performance lags behind. (2) Financial holding banks outperform non‐financial holding banks on average in operational stage, market stage, and sustainable stage efficiency. (3) Fubon Financial, TFH, CATHAY HOLDINGS, and SKFH are benchmark performers among financial holding banks. (4) Non‐financial holding banks exhibit a higher average technical gap ratio compared to financial holding banks, indicating that non‐financial holding banks have fewer inefficient areas to improve. However, the technical efficiency of both groups of banks approaches each other over the years. (5) In the sustainable stage, financial holding banks demonstrate superior environmental indicators and corporate treatment efficiency compared to non‐financial holding banks.

Investment support for sustainable development of the agricultural industry

The main methods and sources of investment of agricultural business entities of Belarus are considered. An algorithm for the formation of investment resources of agricultural organizations is proposed, on the basis of which a model of investment support for the sustainable development of the studied business entities is developed, which is formed within the framework of the state policy for the development of the agricultural sector, taking into account the interests of other subjects of the investment sphere.

Selective removal of chromium from laterite residue with high content of iron by the co-operation of phosphoric acid and oxalic acid

With the rising demand for nickel and cobalt, laterite residue containing chromium is extensively generated through the laterite hydrometallurgical process, posing a significant burden on environmental protection and the sustainable development of the nickel industry. This study presents a novel and environmentally friendly method for selectively extracting chromium from laterite residue and yielding iron phosphate concentrate. In this method, iron, as the major component, is simultaneously transformed into iron phosphate as solid state, while chromium is extracted into solution by a minimal amount of phosphoric acid. The effects of phosphoric acid and oxalic acid usage, temperature, liquid-to-solid ratio, and leaching time on the transformation and removal were investigated. Thermodynamic analysis and experimental results indicated that the addition of oxalic acid promoted chromium extraction with minimal impact on the transformation of hematite and iron phosphate. The results of SEM, XPS, and XRD revealed the conversion of laterite residue to iron phosphate. At an oxalic acid dosage of 10 %, almost 90 % of the iron remained in the residue as iron phosphate, while over 60 % of the chromium was extracted into the solution, resulting in a chromium concentration of 1.1 g/L. The solution underwent a two-step treatment process, primarily to recycle the soluble iron species. The extracted chromium was captured by adding calcium hydroxide at pH ∼ 3.0 in the form of phosphate.

Drivers of Sustainable supply chain for sustainable development in industry

This analysis explores the different elements that constitute sustainable supply chains used by companies as genre on the road to sustainable development across different industries. The analysis of a body of literature and empirical data is carried out by a critical objective to determine the fundamental aspects of sustainability practices. The research suggests that we should have the necessary knowledge of these drivers for the stage to be raised of the environmental responsibility, social equity and economic development. Strategies are detailed to enable stakeholders throughout industries in adopting sustainable supply chain methods. Through this process, the long-term resilience of supply chains and the sustainability of the profitable position are promoted. The results are of this type, clarifying the crucial role of sustainable supply chain in reaching the global sustainability targets and promoting sustainability model for the companies and societies all over the world. Through this research we strive to add to the already established supplies chain management literature and aid the change process management in the pursuit of sustainable development in the different industries. Result of the cocreation with this domain has brought up meaningful implications to the literature. One of the new concepts we are proposing is a dynamic setting for a three-level model serving as a tactical plan for strategic sustainable supply management. Our study has contributed a theoretical framework that distinguishes practical facts of supply chain management and is for the purposes of future research and appraisals in terms of UN 17 Sustainable Development Goals

An exploratory diagnosis and proposed index of technological change and sustainable industrial development in selected OECD member countries

Industrial development has resulted in economic progress and the well-being of the society. At the same time, the impact of the industrial complex has disrupted the environment and resulted in climate change related impacts. The purpose of this study was to carry out an exploratory diagnosis and propose a technological change and sustainable industrial development index at the international level. Therefore, a network study was conducted to identify the main nodes and thematic clusters associated with cleaner production. A patent analysis was applied to technologies related three selected/relevant areas of cleaner production, i.e. carbon footprint, wastewater treatment, and renewable energy. Additionally, based on factor analysis, an index including different indicators related to scientific, technological, economic, environmental, and social issues was developed and proposed in this study.

Evaluation of combined disinfection methods of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) in seawater using Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)

The global spread of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) poses a serious threat to the shrimp aquaculture industry and urgent actions are needed to control its transmission and prevalence. Aquaculture water serves as an important route of IMN transmission, and disinfection of aquaculture water is crucial to ensure the health and stable production of shrimp. In this study, we introduced the purified IMNV into seawater and then subjected the seawater to different disinfection treatments (PMS, PMS + PVP-I and ClO2 + PVP-I) before culturing shrimp. By performing RT-qPCR tests on both the seawater and Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) samples, we evaluated the effectiveness of the different disinfection methods in eradicating IMNV from the seawater. The results showed that peroxymonosulfate (PMS) could effectively reduce the viral load of IMNV in seawater samples. The combined disinfection approach (10 ppm (ppm)) of PMS disinfection (combined with povidone‑iodine) followed by a standing time of at least 2 days, or 10 ppm chlorine dioxide disinfection (combined with povidone‑iodine) followed by a standing time of at least 4 days, were found to be successful in the efficient disinfection of IMNV. This research provides a method to effectively remove IMNV from marine aquaculture water, thereby contributing to reducing the risk of IMN disease transmission and providing a sound basis for the sustainable and healthy development of the shrimp aquaculture industry.

Application of Strain Selection Technology in Alcoholic Beverages: A Review.

The diversity of alcohol beverage microorganisms is of great significance for improving the brewing process and the quality of alcohol beverage products. During the process of making alcoholic beverages, a group of microorganisms, represented by yeast and lactic acid bacteria, conducts fermentation. These microorganisms have complex synergistic or competitive relationships, and the participation of different microorganisms has a major impact on the fermentation process and the flavor and aroma of the product. Strain selection is one of the key steps. Utilizing scientific breeding technology, the relationship between strains can be managed, the composition of the alcoholic beverage microbial community can be improved, and the quality and flavor of the alcoholic beverage products can be increased. Currently, research on the microbial diversity of alcohol beverages has received extensive attention. However, the selection technology for dominant bacteria in alcohol beverages has not yet been systematically summarized. To breed better-quality alcohol beverage strains and improve the quality and characteristics of wine, this paper introduces the microbial diversity characteristics of the world's three major brewing alcohols: beer, wine, and yellow wine, as well as the breeding technologies of related strains. The application of culture selection technology in the study of microbial diversity of brewed wine was reviewed and analyzed. The strain selection technology and alcohol beverage process should be combined to explore the potential application of a diverse array of alcohol beverage strains, thereby boosting the quality and flavor of the alcohol beverage and driving the sustainable development of the alcoholic beverage industry.

Edge Caching Data Distribution Strategy with Minimum Energy Consumption.

In the context of the rapid development of the Internet of Vehicles, virtual reality, automatic driving and the industrial Internet, the terminal devices in the network show explosive growth. As a result, more and more information is generated from the edge of the network, which makes the data throughput increase dramatically in the mobile communication network. As the key technology of the fifth-generation mobile communication network, mobile edge caching technology which caches popular data to the edge server deployed at the edge of the network avoids the data transmission delay of the backhaul link and the occurrence of network congestion. With the growing scale of the network, distributing hot data from cloud servers to edge servers will generate huge energy consumption. To realize the green and sustainable development of the communication industry and reduce the energy consumption of distribution of data that needs to be cached in edge servers, we make the first attempt to propose and solve the problem of edge caching data distribution with minimum energy consumption (ECDDMEC) in this paper. First, we model and formulate the problem as a constrained optimization problem and then prove its NP-hardness. Subsequently, we design a greedy algorithm with computational complexity of O(n2) to solve the problem approximately. Experimental results show that compared with the distribution strategy of each edge server directly requesting data from the cloud server, the strategy obtained by the algorithm can significantly reduce the energy consumption of data distribution.

Data-guided for discovering high-strength, cost-effective, and low-carbon rice husk ash concrete

This study aims to present a data-guided intelligent design framework for discovering high-strength, cost-effective, and low-carbon rice husk ash concrete (RHC). First, gradient boosting (GB) models were developed to predict compressive strength of RHC based on a dataset with 1150 samples. The CatBoost model outperforms XGBoost and LightGBM models on the test set, and its determination of coefficient (R2), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) are 0.984, 3.270 MPa, and 2.290 MPa respectively. With the best prediction model, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was utilized to shed light on the model outputs. The curing age is the most dominant features effecting the compressive strength of RHC, and the next two are the contents of cement and water. Then, a computational design framework was proposed by integrating the machine learning-based model and the evolutionary algorithm. Considering compressive strength, materials cost, embodied carbon, and embodied energy, the multi-objective optimization was conducted leveraging the improved adaptive geometry estimation based many-objective evolutionary algorithm (AGE-MOEA II). The optimal solutions of the different design scenarios were achieved using the multi-criteria decision-making method. The research can provide a theoretical reference for the capability of developing RHC mixture using data-guided approachesto promote the sustainable development of concrete industry.

Hot spots, evolutionary trends, and future prospects for the sustainable development of the marine economy in the past 30 years: a comparative bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace

How to assess the quality of sustainable development is an important issue for the marine economy. This study examined studies on sustainable development of marine economy over the past 30 years using core databases from China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science. This study introduced bibliometric analysis methods and CiteSpace software to track and comparatively analyze the hotspots of studies from 1994 to 2023. This study showed that (1) the research on sustainable development of the marine economy has achieved extensive results. Researchers have already collaborated with those in China. (2) Hotspots for Chinese research are mainly focused on building an indicator system of marine economy's sustainable development, realizing the path of sustainable development of regional marine economy, and planning the sustainable development goals of specific marine industries. In contrast, other countries focus on protecting marine ecology and identifying the path of sustainable development of the marine industry. (3) Strengthening exchange and cooperation between institutions and scholars from various countries, and further studies on the micro-paths of blue carbon sinks, marine ecological civilization and high-quality development, low-carbon development of marine industries will become new hotspots for research.

COMMERCIALISED DURIAN PLANTATION: DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN OF WEB AND MOBILE APPLICATION

Durian farmers face many challenges in managing their plantations efficiently and effectively. These challenges include unpredictable weather patterns, labour shortages, pest and disease outbreaks, market fluctuations, and the complexity of managing farm operations. The commercialisation of durian plantations represents a significant shift in the agricultural landscape, driven by increasing demand for this prized tropical fruit. This project focuses on developing and designing a comprehensive web and mobile application explicitly tailored for commercialised durian plantations in Malaysia. Employing the Rapid Application Development (RAD) approach, the project encompasses four main phases: analysis, rapid design, prototyping, testing, and deployment. By leveraging digital technology, the application aims to address these challenges by streamlining various aspects of durian plantation management, including crop monitoring, inventory management, pest and disease tracking, and yield forecasting. Through user-friendly interfaces and intuitive functionalities, the application seeks to empower durian growers with actionable insights and decision-making tools to navigate these challenges and enhance their operations' productivity, efficiency, and sustainability. An evaluation component was conducted to assess the usability and effectiveness of the application in real-world plantation settings. Overall, the response to the evaluation indicated that both applications are valuable and easy to use, justifying their integration into durian plantation management practices. The significance of this project lies in its potential to revolutionise durian plantation management practices, contributing to the broader goals of sustainable agriculture and economic development in the durian industry. Findings from the project evaluation will inform future directions for refinement and expansion of the application, ensuring its continued relevance and impact in supporting the growth and competitiveness of commercialised durian plantations.

Experimental Investigation on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Geopolymer Concrete

Abstract: Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is a new type of concrete that is made with alkaline activators and aluminosilicate materials, such as fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). GPC has several advantages over traditional Portland cement concrete (OPC), including higher early strength, better durability, and lower environmental impact. This paper presents an experimental analysis of the mechanical and durability properties of GPC. The mechanical properties investigated include compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity. The results show that GPC has comparable or better mechanical properties than OPC at all ages. GPC also has superior durability properties to OPC, with lower water absorption, higher acid resistance, and lower chloride permeability. The overall findings of this study indicate that GPC is a promising alternative to OPC for a wide range of applications. Since Geopolymer concrete doesn’t use any cement, the production of cement shall be reduced and hence the pollution of atmosphere by the emission of carbon dioxide shall also be minimized. Cement, being a key material of concrete, experiencing a rise in global demand. It has a massive carbon footprint having a contribution of about 8% to the global Carbon dioxide emissions. Geopolymer concrete has a huge potential to replace ordinary Portland concrete. For sustainable construction, GPC reduces the use of cement and finds the alternative of cement for the material's binding property. So, the geopolymer concrete is an alternative to Portland cement concrete and it is a potential material having large commercial value and for sustainable development in Indian construction industries.

Thermophilic lipases in industrial applications: Stutzerimonas stutzeri as a Case Study in Nigeria and the US

Thermophilic lipases derived from Stutzerimonas stutzeri have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their robustness and efficiency in various industrial applications. This review delves into the research, development, and application of these enzymes, with a comparative analysis between Nigeria and the United States. In both nations, researchers have explored the enzymatic properties of thermophilic lipases from Stutzerimonas stutzeri, aiming to optimize their performance for diverse industrial processes. The research encompasses studies on enzyme purification, characterization, and genetic engineering to enhance catalytic activity and stability under extreme conditions. Additionally, efforts have been directed towards understanding the enzyme's structure-function relationship to tailor it for specific applications. In Nigeria, the focus on thermophilic lipases from Stutzerimonas stutzeri has been primarily driven by the need for sustainable biotechnological solutions in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuel production. The enzymes' thermostability makes them particularly suitable for high-temperature processes prevalent in Nigeria's tropical climate, offering potential for cost-effective and eco-friendly alternatives to conventional chemical catalysts. In contrast, the United States has witnessed extensive research and development in thermophilic lipases for industrial applications, with a strong emphasis on biocatalysis in the pharmaceutical, detergent, and biofuel sectors. The advanced infrastructure and investment in biotechnology have facilitated the commercialization of Stutzerimonas stutzeri lipases, leading to their integration into various industrial processes to improve efficiency and sustainability. Despite the similarities in research objectives, disparities exist in the technological advancements and industrial utilization of thermophilic lipases from Stutzerimonas stutzeri between Nigeria and the US. While Nigeria faces challenges related to limited resources and infrastructure, the US benefits from well-established research institutions and industrial networks, enabling accelerated innovation and commercialization. Bridging these gaps through international collaborations and knowledge exchange could facilitate the widespread adoption of thermophilic lipases for sustainable industrial development globally.

The Impact of China's Financial Policies on the Real Estate Industry and Suggestions - A Case Study of Evergrande Group

Real estate industry is important for every county, because is linked to the country's economic prosperity, social stability and people's happiness. In recent years, a severe problem with real estate in China has been that some speculators have used media propaganda to encourage people to buy houses, raise prices by changing the structure of supply and demand, and then turn around and make a profit. In order to curb this phenomenon, China has proposed the "Three Red Lines" policy. With this policy, the Chinese government hopes to curb excesses in the real estate market, thereby stabilizing housing prices and enhancing the well-being of its people. In order to assess the effectiveness of this policy, this paper will use both literature analysis and case study methodology to firstly assess the impact of this policy on real estate and analyze its problems. On this basis, Evergrande Group is selected as a research case to point out the drawbacks of the current policy based on the principles of behavioral finance. On this basis, based on the literature and our own experience, we put forward corresponding suggestions. The aim of this paper is to reveal the problems of existing policies and provide suggestions for the sustainable development of China's financial industry.