Heterogeneous Associations Between Community Social Capital and Loneliness: A Cross-sectional Study in 2019

The COVID-19 phenomenon led to an increase in the digitalization of the tourism sector, reducing the demand for services and affecting business performance. There is no doubt that leadership plays a fundamental role in the management of organizations. Therefore, it is necessary to delve deeper into the study of the collaborative style to build social capital and measure the impact it can generate on the performance of tourism companies. The influence of collaborative leadership, in its dimensions of resources and work environment, as well as the mobilization of interest groups, on financial and non-financial performance was analyzed, in addition to the mediation of social capital in this relationship. It was carried out under a quantitative approach, not experimenting in the design, taking the data only once, the sample was made up of 782 representatives of Peruvian tourism companies, using self-administered questionnaires and SEM for the analysis. The results indicate that resources and the work environment positively impact financial performance, but not social capital. Furthermore, stakeholder management influences both non-financial performance and social capital. Likewise, it is confirmed that social capital positively affects both dimensions of organizational performance. A partial mediation of social capital was found, as stakeholder management was associated with non-financial performance, with no mediation in the relationship between resources and work environment on financial performance. These findings highlight the need to strengthen collaborative leadership to improve the performance levels of companies that provide tourism services.

Environmental Factors of Food Insecurity in Adolescents: A Global Scoping Review.

Religious conflict remains a pressing issue in plural societies, particularly where political and social tensions intersect with religious identity. In Indonesia, one of the world’s largest Muslim-majority countries, understanding the drivers of religious conflict at the local level is vital for fostering social cohesion. This study investigates the role of social capital—specifically bonding, bridging, and linking—in influencing religious conflict in Pasuruan Regency, East Java, with particular attention to the mediating roles of political and social conflict. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews with 400 respondents, selected using multi-stage sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via SmartPLS was employed to analyze both direct and indirect relationships between the constructs. The results reveal that bonding and bridging significantly reduce political and social conflict, which in turn significantly reduce religious conflict. However, their direct effects on religious conflict are not significant. Linking was found to significantly reduce social conflict but did not show a significant influence on political or religious conflict directly. Indirect effect analysis confirmed that bonding, bridging, and linking can mitigate religious conflict through their effects on political and social tensions. This study contributes to the growing literature on social capital and conflict by highlighting the importance of indirect pathways. Practically, the findings suggest that policies aiming to reduce religious conflict should strengthen both horizontal (bonding and bridging) and vertical (linking) social ties, while also addressing underlying political and social grievances. The study underscores the need for integrated, community-based conflict prevention strategies.

A sustainable stakeholder leap into social capital

Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, nurses on the front line of caring for infected patients are always faced with many job stressors, and one of the most inevitable consequences is job burnout, which can cause challenges for work engagement. This study used structural equation modeling to determine the effects of psychological capital and perceived social support on job burnout and work. This study was a cross-sectional design. 306 nurses on the frontline of the fight against COVID-19 in the public hospitals of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences were selected by multi-stage random stratification. The data collection process lasted from September 19 to November 19, 2021. To collect data from Zimet's perceived social support questionnaire, Lutans' psychological capital questionnaire, Utrecht work engagement scale, and Maslach's burnout inventory. More than half of the people were women, married, under 40 years old, with a bachelor's degree, with over 10 years of work experience, and over one year of experience in the COVID-19 departments. The fit indices of the research model were favorable (goodness‑of‑fit [GOF]>0.529), and the research model fit was confirmed. Also, based on the path coefficient, there was a significant negative relationship between perceived social support with job burnout (β=-0.115) and between psychological capital with job burnout (β=-0.503), and a significant positive relationship between perceived social support with work engagement (β=0.132) and between psychological capital with work engagement (β=0.607) (P˂0.05). Considering the inevitable effect of perceived social support and psychological capital on reducing job burnout and increasing work engagement, our findings can be used to develop the occupational health of employees and then to develop the quality of health care services by health managers and policymakers. Also, interventions based on social support and psychological capital can be identified and studied as a new area for effective psychological interventions among nurses.

IntroductionThis bibliometric analysis examines the global research landscape on viral marketing using data extracted from the Scopus database and analyzed with Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. Viral marketing, characterized by rapid message dissemination through digital networks and consumer sharing, has gained significant scholarly attention across diverse disciplines. ObjectiveThe annual scientific output reveals a steady growth in publications, reflecting increasing academic interest and the evolution of research themes over time. MethodAnalysis of top influential researcher’s highlights key contributors shaping the field’s theoretical and methodological advancements. Prominent scientific journals, particularly in marketing, consumer behavior, and information systems, serve as primary publication outlets, fostering interdisciplinary dialogue. ResultsGlobal research contributions by nation indicate that the United States, China, and India are leading producers, supported by active collaborations illustrated in the timeline network visualization of country partnerships. Co-citation analysis of cited authors and journals uncovers core intellectual foundations and interlinked knowledge domains. Bibliographic coupling of documents and co-occurrence of author keywords reveal thematic clusters that define the research focus, while thematic evolution and the thematic map highlight the transition from foundational studies to emerging topics such as social media analytics and influencer marketing. Trend topic analysis indicates growing emphasis on data-driven targeting, user engagement, and algorithmic influence modeling. ConclusionsThe study identifies research gaps in cross-cultural comparative studies, ethical considerations, and the integration of emerging technologies into viral marketing strategies, with practical implications for marketers seeking to optimize campaigns in a rapidly evolving digital environment.

Building Social Capital for Disaster Resilience: Insights from Cyclone Fani-Affected Villages in Odisha

This study aimed to validate the digital transformation model in human resource management of the Civil Registration Organization of Iran. The research method was mixed (qualitative–quantitative) and employed a descriptive–analytical approach. In the qualitative phase, by applying grounded theory and conducting interviews with experts, the main and subcategories of digital transformation were extracted, followed by open, axial, and selective coding. Then, based on the qualitative findings, a questionnaire was designed and implemented in the quantitative phase with a sample of 380 managers and specialists. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and validity and reliability tests. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with Cronbach’s alpha above 0.7 and composite reliability above 0.8. Convergent validity was verified with AVE greater than 0.5, and discriminant validity was confirmed with HTMT less than 0.9. The findings indicated that digital transformation in human resource management is a multidimensional process influenced by causal conditions (β = 0.34), intervening conditions (β = 0.49), and contextual conditions (β = 0.56). Strategies such as organizational culture development, human resource empowerment, smart network development, and continuous monitoring were identified as key drivers. The outcomes of this transformation emerged at three levels — individual, organizational, and social — including enhanced employee performance, increased organizational agility, and improved social capital. The modeling results showed that all hypotheses were statistically significant (t > 1.96). Additionally, the coefficient of determination (R² = 0.20) and the global goodness-of-fit index (GOF = 0.411) indicated an acceptable model fit. Ultimately, the proposed model can serve as a comprehensive framework for digital human resource management in the Civil Registration Organization and similar organizations.

Unlike traditional marketing methods, social media platforms enable brands to communicate with their target audiences more interactively and dynamically, while also allowing consumers to engage directly and instantaneously with brands. As an integral part of contemporary marketing, the impact of social media on interactive marketing is profound. This highlights the need to explore the strong synergy between social media and interactive marketing, which has become a vital component of digital marketing. This research seeks to answer the pivotal question: “What is the role of social media in enhancing interactive digital marketing strategies?” A systematic literature review using the PRISMA framework was conducted to provide a comprehensive analysis of relevant research in the field. This study aims to examine the evolving role of social media in interactive marketing and to highlight how this synergy contributes to shaping effective digital marketing strategies. The findings show that social media platforms have revolutionized marketing strategies by facilitating direct, real-time interaction with consumers. In addition, the study underlines the critical role of continuous innovation in maintaining competitive advantage, particularly through artificial intelligence (AI) and personalized interaction. Marketers can optimize social media strategies by focusing on real-time, interactive engagement and utilizing AI technologies, such as chatbots and virtual influencers, to strengthen consumer relationships and create personalized brand interactions. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating that the integration of social media and interactive marketing can significantly enhance brand loyalty and business performance through more effective and personalized consumer engagement.

Herman Melville’s The Confidence-Man (1857) and Tennessee Williams’s A Streetcar Named Desire (1947) both conclude with “the kindness of strangers.” The present essay starts from the strange similarities between the two stories separated by almost a century (while setting aside the possibility of intertextual influence) and attempts to examine the problems of the uncertainty in friendship, or what I call the indifferent network of kind strangers, that might have shaped the plots of both texts, referring back and forth between the twentieth-century theories on social belonging and civic engagement and the nineteenth-century discourses on communal solidarity in American society. The main focus is on the peculiar (or transcendental) argument about friendship in The Confidence-Man and its historical contexts in the light of the twentieth-century sociological discussions on individualism and social capital. In so doing, I believe that it is possible to suggest that the issues in human relationships that supposedly have become more pronounced since the turn of the twentieth century had already burgeoned out in the nineteenth-century, and even find clues to uncover the backgrounds for the similarities between the two stories. The essay will conclude with a brief interpretation of Williamss’ play, too.

ABSTRACT A well-established body of knowledge has highlighted the effects of exposure to prolonged political violence on the functioning of individuals and their mental health, yet little is known about the potential moderators of the association between exposure to political violence (EPV) and mental health outcomes. Aiming to fill this gap, the current study investigates the moderating role of perceptions of social capital (PSC), age, and gender of the associations between Palestinian adults’ exposure to prolonged political violence (EPPV) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). A large-scale survey was conducted among a systematic cluster and stratified random sample of 2934 Palestinian adults (age range: 30–67) from the West Bank and East Jerusalem, using a self-administered questionnaire. The findings show that level of EPPV is associated significantly with the level of PTSS (r = .216, p < .000). In addition, participants’ PSC serves as a moderator of the association between their EPPV and PTSS, by weakening the connection between EPPV and these symptoms (β = -.184; p < .000). Women had lower EPPV than men but had higher levels of PTSS. Research examining gender effects of EPPV could benefit from systematic developmental investigation of gender effects in adulthood in interaction with culture. Neither age nor gender moderated the relationship between EPPV and PTSS. The results of this study have implications for theory development and future research as well as for policy, prevention, and intervention that could strengthen social capital in the Palestinian population and mitigate mental health effects of EPPV. The limitations and implications of the study are discussed.

This community service activity aims to increase the capacity of micro-enterprises within the Women Farmers Group (KWT) in Cilenggang Village, Serpong District, which plays a strategic role in supporting food security and the household economy. Therefore, this outreach and training activity was designed to provide capacity building through the delivery of materials covering simple business management, product packaging, branding strategies, social media-based marketing, and financial record keeping. The activity was implemented through a participatory approach, involving interactive lectures, group discussions, practical simulations, and technical assistance. The results of the activity showed that KWT members experienced a significant increase in understanding in aspects of business management, especially in the implementation of financial records, selecting attractive packaging, and the ability to utilize digital platforms for product promotion. The program concluded that the outreach for improving MSME businesses had a positive impact on the knowledge, skills, and readiness of KWT members in developing community-based businesses. The sustainability of the program through continued assistance is essential to ensure the transformation of knowledge into sustainable productive practices and to strengthen the role of KWT as a locomotive of the local economy in Cilenggang Village.

The rapid development of digital technology has significantly transformed consumer behavior in accessing information and making purchasing decisions. Among various platforms, Instagram has emerged as a dominant medium where social media marketing (SMM) strategies are widely employed to reach and influence consumers. However, the effectiveness of SMM is not always straightforward, as its impact on purchase decisions can be strengthened or weakened by other factors, particularly brand awareness. Consumers tend to favor brands they recognize, making brand awareness a critical element in the decision-making process. This study investigates the influence of SMM on purchase decisions with brand awareness as a moderating variable. The population consisted of 1,196 customers of Teman Publikasi – Research Synergy Institute (RSI) within the period of November 2024 to April 2025. Using Krejcie and Morgan’s sampling table, 64 respondents were selected and surveyed with a Likert scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed through multiple linear regression and moderated regression analysis (MRA) to assess both direct and moderating effects. The findings reveal that the five SMM dimensions; entertainment, interaction, trendiness, customization, and word of mouth positively and significantly influence purchase decisions. Furthermore, brand awareness significantly moderates this relationship but in a negative direction, suggesting that higher consumer brand awareness tends to reduce the effectiveness of SMM strategies. This research contributes to the literature by offering empirical evidence on the dual role of brand awareness in digital marketing effectiveness. For practitioners, the study highlights the importance of designing SMM strategies that align with consumer familiarity to avoid diminishing returns.

This study aims to analyze the role of virtual interaction in social commerce on consumer trust and loyalty in Indonesia. The rapid growth of social media–based commerce has made virtual interaction a crucial factor in shaping relationships between sellers and buyers in the digital space. A quantitative approach was employed through a survey of 250 active users of social commerce platforms such as TikTok Shop, Shopee Live, and Instagram Shop. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method to examine the relationships among variables. The findings reveal that virtual interaction has a positive and significant effect on both consumer trust and loyalty. Consumer trust also positively affects loyalty and mediates the relationship between virtual interaction and consumer loyalty. These results indicate that trust serves as a key element linking digital interaction activities to customer loyalty formation. Theoretically, this study enriches the literature on social commerce and relationship marketing by confirming the relevance of the Social Exchange Theory and Online Trust Theory in Indonesia’s digital context. Practically, the results suggest that business practitioners should strengthen virtual communication with consumers through responsive, empathetic, and transparent interactions while utilizing features such as live streaming, interactive chat, and user reviews to foster trust and loyalty. The study also provides insights for platform managers and regulators to enhance transaction security, transparency, and consumer digital literacy.

Purpose This study aims to examine the impacts of participation in digital social networks on women’s economic empowerment at the individual level. Participation with different purposes was theorized to initially impact economic empowerment attitude, which in turn would influence empowerment behavior. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 249 women in three big cities of a developing country was collected to test the theoretical models. Measurement testing and regression analyses were implemented with SPSS software. Findings Analysis findings supported the hypotheses that social network participation in both Facebook and Zalo for different purposes indirectly influences empowerment behavior through empowerment attitude. More interestingly, no significant relationship existed between the frequency of using social networks or internet applications and attitude or behavior. Originality/value Unlike previous research at the community or country level, the authors’ study sheds light on the impacts of participating in digital platforms in general and social networks in particular, which would help enhance women’s economic empowerment at the individual level. More importantly, only at the individual level could the mediating role of the empowerment attitude be elucidated. Theoretically, the study suggested that participation in digital platforms might only be valid if such participation could be used to enhance the social capital of women.

Anti-Poverty Programmes (APPs) are closely linked to rural livelihoods, yet comparative evidence on how participants and non-participants differ in livelihood-capital composition and income-generation patterns remains limited in ecologically fragile pastoral regions. This study draws on a cross-sectional household survey conducted in Northern Tibet in July 2020, covering 696 households—including 225 APP participants and 471 non-participants. Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework and the entropy weight method, we construct multidimensional livelihood-capital indices (human, social, natural, physical, and financial capital) and compare the two groups. We further apply Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regressions to examine factors associated with per capita net income. The results reveal substantial heterogeneity in livelihood capital and income across both groups. APP participants exhibit higher human-capital scores, largely driven by a higher share of skills training, whereas they show disadvantages in physical and financial capital relative to non-participants. Natural capital shows no statistically significant difference between the two groups under the local grassland contracting regime. Significant differences are observed and identified in certain dimensions of social capital. Regression results suggest that income is positively associated with skills training, contracted grassland endowment, and fixed assets, with skills training showing the strongest association. For participants, herd size and labour capacity are not statistically significant correlates of income; for non-participants, larger herds and greater labour capacity are associated with lower income. Taken together, the findings indicate that APP participation is associated with stronger capability-related capital (notably training) alongside persistent constraints in productive assets and financial capacity. Policy implications include improving the relevance and quality of training, strengthening cooperative governance and market linkages, and designing complementary packages that connect skills, inclusive finance, and productive asset accumulation. Given the cross-sectional design and administratively targeted certification of programme participation, the results should be interpreted as context-specific associations rather than strict causal effects.

Mediating Roles of Perceived Job Insecurity in the Impact of Online Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Tendency

In the digital age, social media platforms homogenize beauty standards and intricately link clothing choices to social norms and class identities. Grounded in Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of cultural and social capital, supplemented by Erving Goffman’s theory of stigma, this study examines how social media amplifies pre-existing socio-cultural pressures that influence Turkish women’s decisions to abandon the hijab. The research has practical implications for understanding and addressing hijab abandonment. It employs a qualitative design based on semi-structured interviews with 13 participants, analyzed through a phenomenological approach. The findings reveal that the pursuit of social acceptance and resistance to social exclusion are more decisive factors in hijab abandonment than direct social media influence. While social media serves as a crucial amplifier of aesthetic ideals and a gateway to digital legitimacy, the primary drivers are deeply rooted in the pursuit of social acceptance and resistance to long-standing mechanisms of socio-cultural exclusion, stigmatization, and symbolic violence—processes intensified and mediated through digital platforms. The analysis uncovers the operation of a dual-sided neighborhood pressure, whereby women face scrutiny from both religious communities enforcing idealized piety norms and secular circles perpetuating stigmatizing labels such as backwardness or ignorance. Crucially, participants reported that unveiling was strategically employed as a means of overcoming barriers to professional advancement, gaining access to elite social spheres, and escaping the constant burden of representation. The study concludes that hijab abandonment emerges as a complex strategy of social navigation, where digital platforms act as powerful accelerants of pre-existing class- and identity-based conflicts.

This research aims to explore and analyse the role of Gayo music and dance performances as agents of social change in strengthening social cohesion and cultural sustainability within the Gayo community in Central Aceh. The research is motivated by the importance of the performing arts as a medium for preserving cultural identity and uniting communities, particularly in the face of the challenges posed by globalization, which threatens the sustainability of local traditions. The urgency of the research lies in the need to understand concrete strategies for utilizing traditional arts for social purposes, as well as to fill the gap in the literature regarding the unique elements of Guel music and dance in the context of social change. The research method employed was a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, combining a quantitative survey of 176 participants with a qualitative phenomenological study of 25 participants. The study’s results showed that participation in Guel performances, particularly through the “Saturday Arts” and “Annual Festival” programs, significantly increased the community’s sense of belonging, cultural pride, and social involvement. Quantitative data analysis showed an increase in governance and conservation indicators by 13.6% and 23.6%, respectively, while qualitative data revealed Guel’s role in value education, gender inclusivity, and intercultural dialogue. The discussion relates this finding to Bourdieu’s theory of social capital, confirming that Guel functions as a social glue (bonding capital), a bridge between groups (bridging capital), and a transformer of cultural capital into social capital. This research recommends the development of inclusive cultural policies, the integration of traditional arts into the educational curriculum, and a community-based governance approach to ensure the sustainability of Guel music and dance as an intangible cultural heritage and a unifying force for society.