Predicting structure- and control-based parental feeding practices among families with low-income: An ecological approach.

Psychosocial predictors of persistent postpartum pelvic girdle pain: A systematic review of prospective cohort studies.

Residential segregation has been linked to better everyday functioning levels, but faster rates of decline. There is a need to understand whether individual psychosocial factors may explain these mixed effects. Locus of control (LOC) is a psychosocial factor reflecting perceptions of control over life's outcomes that has been linked to health outcomes and may shape how individuals respond to their environments. Therefore, we examined whether LOC moderated the effects of segregation on everyday functioning. Participants were 672 Black older adults from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly study. Baseline addresses characterized tract segregation with dissimilarity and interaction indices. Baseline levels of internal and external LOC were measured with the Personality in Intellectual Aging Contexts Inventory. Everyday functioning was assessed with the Observed Tasks of Daily Living at baseline and across a 10-year follow period. Latent growth curve models revealed that internal (B = .607, p = .033) and external LOC (B = -.448, p = .002) significantly moderated segregation effects. Higher internal LOC strengthened the positive association between segregation and average everyday functioning levels while there were no significant effects among those with lower internal LOC. Higher external LOC nullified segregation effects, but those with lower external LOC exhibited a positive association between segregation and everyday functioning levels. LOC did not moderate segregation effects on linear or quadratic declines in everyday functioning. Psychosocial factors influence the effects of residential segregation on everyday functioning and may be an important point of intervention as we continue to address inequitable environmental conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

To explore concerns and coping experiences regarding sexual well-being in inflammatory bowel disease and examine the relationship between these concerns and affected individuals' background factors. Explanatory sequential mixed methods study. Recruitment flyers (n = 1347) were distributed to individuals attending inflammatory bowel disease outpatient clinics in seven facilities. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing demographics, concerns and coping experiences related to their sexual well-being. Those who provided consent participated in semi-structured online interviews. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. A total of 551 participants completed the questionnaire, and 21 participated in the interviews. Among them, 251 (45.6%) reported experiences of concerns related to romantic relationships and marriage, sexual life, pregnancy, childbirth and childcare. The nature of these concerns varied by background factors: unmarried individuals more often reported relationship concerns; those with surgical or perianal history more often reported sexual concerns; and women, married individuals and individuals with Crohn's disease more often reported pregnancy-related concerns. Coping experiences were categorized as (1) active barrier management, (2) partner and professional support, (3) passive or resignation coping and (4) cognitive reframing. Sexual well-being is significantly affected among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. Many participants reported understanding and support from significant others or relied on personal coping strategies; however, others reported an absence of coping experiences. Sharing these findings with individuals with inflammatory bowel disease and healthcare professionals may enhance awareness and promote support strategies to improve these individuals' sexual well-being. Concerns about sexual well-being are influenced by both clinical and psychosocial factors, including treatment history, life stage and partner relationships. Healthcare professionals should provide individualised and comprehensive care that incorporates the partners and families of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease to better address sexual well-being. This study presents the first large-scale mixed methods evidence on how individuals with inflammatory bowel disease experience sexual well-being, providing direct implications for improving quality of life. By illustrating both adaptive and absent coping strategies, the findings contribute essential insight to inform patient-centred clinical practice and psychosocial care. The Good Reporting of a Mixed-Methods Study (GRAMMS) guidelines were followed. No patient or public contribution.

Executive functioning in young delinquents: A systematic literature review.

Psychiatric disorders are more common in people with epilepsy and vice versa psychiatric patients have an increased risk of epilepsy. Psychosocial factors, medication effects, peri-ictal or interictal symptoms play arole as do shared genetic mechanisms, particularly in rare monogenic epilepsy syndromes. This review article exemplary discusses GRIN2A-associated disorders, development-related and epileptic encephalopathies including Dravet syndrome and tuberous sclerosis complex. Neuropsychiatric manifestations, pathophysiological foundations and targeted treatment are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the systematic assessment of psychiatric symptoms and detailed clinical phenotyping to evaluate disease-modifying effects of emerging therapies beyond seizure control. The article highlights the clinical implications, gaps in care and to present open questions and to promote interdisciplinary neurological psychiatric management.

Chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) affect young adults and pose significant challenges in medical care. This study aimed to describe the types and number of current and past medical providers and medications used by young adults with COPCs and to explore associations between health care utilization, clinical pain, and psychosocial factors. Fifty young adults (mean age: 27.16y) with COPCs were recruited and completed online questionnaires assessing demographics, pain intensity and interference, number of pain conditions, health care providers consulted, medication use, and psychosocial characteristics. Relationships among health care utilization, clinical pain measures, and psychosocial variables were analyzed using Pearson correlations and linear regression models. Participants reported an average of 4.40 COPCs, with fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain, and chronic fatigue syndrome being the most common. Most (72%) were currently receiving medical treatment, with primary care physicians being the most frequently consulted providers. The average number of current providers was 2.82, while the number of past providers was 4.28. Despite extensive health care engagement, 77.7% reported no improvement or worsening of their condition. No significant associations were found between the number of providers or medications and clinical or psychosocial outcomes. The findings highlight gaps in the effectiveness of health care utilization for young adults with COPCs. The high prevalence of provider visits and medication use without substantial symptom improvement suggests a need for more integrated, multidisciplinary care approaches. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment strategies and identifying opportunities for early intervention.

Decision-making readiness is essential for effective patient participation in treatment decisions, especially for lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy who face repeated complicated treatment choices. However, existing research investigating their level of decision-making readiness and its associated influencing factors remains inadequate. This study aimed to investigate the level of decision-making readiness among hospitalized lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, and further explore the influencing factors of their decision-making readiness. A cross-sectional observational design was adopted. A total of 452 hospitalized lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected via multiple questionnaires: the Chinese Version of the Preparation for Decision Making Scale, Decisional Conflict Scale, Patient Attitude Toward Treatment Decision-Making Scale, Decision Regret Scale, and a self-designed questionnaire covering sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple linear regression were applied for data analysis. The median score of participants' decision-making readiness was 62.00 (56.00, 70.00), representing a moderate overall readiness level. Correlation analysis demonstrated that decision-making readiness was positively associated with patients' willingness to participate in treatment decision-making and negatively associated with decisional conflict. Hierarchical regression revealed that demographic variables could explain 9.2% of the total variance of decision-making readiness, and the inclusion of decisional conflict and decision participation attitude raised the explanatory power to 31.1%. Economic status, residential location, decisional conflict and participation attitude were identified as significant predictive factors of decision-making readiness. Lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy only possess moderate decision-making readiness. Compared with demographic characteristics, psychosocial factors (decisional conflict and decision participation attitude) exert a stronger impact on patients' decision-making readiness. These findings also support the applicability of the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation in the field of cancer treatment decision-making research. Targeted nursing decision-support interventions are urgently needed to assess and elevate lung cancer patients' decision-making readiness, which can further promote the practice of patient-centered treatment decision-making.

Depression in old age often has a poor clinical course, although there is substantial variability in depressive symptom trajectories. We aimed to characterise old-age depressive symptom trajectories, assess their multifactorial correlates, and their impact on mortality. We used cohort data from 2118 dementia-free community-dwelling adults aged ≥60years participating in the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K). Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale at baseline and 1-3 follow-ups over 9years. Sociodemographic (age, sex, marital status, socioeconomic status), psychosocial (social connections and support), clinical (multimorbidity), and functional (gait speed; cognitive impairment) factors at baseline were considered as trajectory correlates. Generalised growth mixture models and multinomial logit models estimated depression trajectories and their correlates. Cox proportional hazard models estimated all-cause mortality risk. Three trajectory classes emerged: low, increasing, and U-shaped trajectories of depressive symptoms. Compared to the low trajectory, socioeconomic status involving high financial strain and poor social support was more common in the increasing and U-shaped trajectories. Slow gait speed was linked to higher odds of increasing depressive symptoms, while greater multimorbidity was associated with the U-shaped trajectory. The increasing and U-shaped trajectories were associated with higher mortality risk, and the association for increasing was robust to the adjustment of covariates. Depressive symptom trajectories in late life are heterogeneous and linked to diverse socio-economic, clinical, and functional factors, some of which are trajectory-specific. Given its association with mortality, older people should be carefully monitored for depressive symptomatology.

Fatigue is a common long-term complaint in childhood cancer patients and survivors. Treatment of pediatric bone sarcomas is intensive and can lead to physical, functional and psychosocial challenges; however, little is known about fatigue in this group. This study aimed to gain insight into fatigue and related demographic, medical, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors in pediatric bone sarcoma patients and survivors. Patients treated for pediatric bone sarcoma, ≥ 2years post-diagnosis and after completion of treatment with no evidence of disease, completed PedsQL™ Multidimensional Fatigue Scale and PROMIS® fatigue measures. Prevalence and mean scores were compared with Dutch normative data using binomial tests, one-sample t-tests, and ANOVA. Linear regression analyses examined associations of fatigue with demographic and medical factors, psychological difficulties (measured with emotion thermometers), pain (measured with a numeric rating scale), and physical activity (using an accelerometer). In total, 139 patients participated. In children (N = 44), 51.6% (95% CI 34.0-69.2) reported moderate to severe fatigue, significantly higher than the weighted norm (29.8%), while adults (N = 95) (11.5%, 95% CI 4.4-18.6) did not differ from the weighted norm (12.1%). Children scored worse than the norm on all fatigue measures (Cohen's d range = 0.58 to 1.10); adults did not significantly differ. Longer time since end of treatment was associated with less cognitive fatigue. More psychological difficulties and pain were associated with more fatigue, while higher levels of physical activity were associated with less fatigue. Children after pediatric bone sarcoma experience more fatigue than the norm. More psychological difficulties, more pain, and less physical activity are associated with more fatigue. Medical factors are limited to time since end of treatment, where a longer time is associated with less cognitive fatigue. Screening for fatigue and associated factors during treatment and follow-up may help identify and support patients at risk.

The CHRONO trial: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial of early time-restricted eating in patients with breast or rectal cancer.

Electrocortical correlates of facial expression processing: Assessing associations with stress, loneliness and exploring sex and hormone interactions.

Social frailty is increasingly recognised among people living with heart failure and is linked to a range of clinical and psychosocial risk factors, with significant implications for health outcomes. However, inconsistencies in the conceptualisation and measurement of social frailty, coupled with a lack of systematic reviews, hinder evidence synthesis and the development of targeted interventions. This scoping review aimed to map current evidence on the definition, measurement tools, prevalence, associated factors and health-related outcomes of social frailty in individuals with heart failure. Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a comprehensive electronic search was conducted in June 2025 across eight databases: Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, CNKI and Wanfang. Search terms were guided by the Population-Concept-Context mnemonic, focusing on heart failure, social frailty, and healthcare or community settings and in accordance with the aim of the review. A total of 27 articles were included. No unified definition of social frailty was identified, and existing assessment tools exhibited heterogeneity. Prevalence rates varied widely across settings and measurement tools. Factors associated with social frailty included sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, clinical severity, psychological status and contextual factors. Social frailty was consistently linked to adverse outcomes such as diminished quality of life, increased rehospitalisation risk and higher mortality. The current literature highlights significant conceptual and methodological gaps in understanding social frailty in heart failure. Standardised definitions, validated assessment tools and deeper exploration of underlying mechanisms are needed to guide effective interventions and improve holistic care for people living with heart failure. Routine assessment of social frailty, including living arrangements, perceived social support and social participation, may facilitate the early identification of older people with heart failure who are at increased clinical and social risk. Identification of social frailty may help uncover unmet social needs and facilitate timely referral to social and community resources. As coordinators of holistic care, nurses can promote multidisciplinary collaboration and support tailored interventions that address both symptom burden and social functioning, thereby helping to reduce functional limitations and social isolation. Technology-enabled approaches, such as digital health platforms, care robots and interactive tools, may provide additional opportunities to enhance social engagement, improve access to care and promote more holistic and person-centred heart failure management.

Addictive behaviors, including both substance use disorders and behavioral addictions, arise from complex interactions among biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors including digital ones. This review focuses on the assessment of social and psychological risk and protective factors, highlighting how artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches complement conventional qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The aim is to clarify how these tools can enhance understanding, prediction, and prevention of addictive behaviors. Recent research identifies impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, peer norms, and family functioning as central psychosocial risk factors for addictive behaviors. Protective factors - such as self-efficacy, social support, and family cohesion - moderate these risks. Conventional analyses provide foundational evidence, while ML methods (predictive machine learning, explainable artificial intelligence, reinforcement learning) now enable integration of multimodal data, detection of nonlinear patterns, and identification of latent psychosocial profiles. Emerging studies demonstrate potential for early-warning prediction and personalized intervention design. AI/ML offers unprecedented opportunities to advance addiction science by handling high-dimensional psychosocial and behavioral data. Yet, ethical, interpretative, and causal challenges persist. The most promising path forward lies in synergizing theory-driven analytics with data-driven AI approaches to achieve more precise and contextually grounded prevention and intervention strategies for addictive behaviors.

Updated insight into the pathophysiology of premenstrual dysphoric disorder and therapeutic approaches.

Population ageing is accompanied by increasing exposure to psychosocial challenges, including age-related stereotypes and stigma. Internalized age-related stigma has emerged as an important psychosocial factor associated with mental health and well-being among older adults. However, empirical evidence examining its associations with well-being, quality of life, depressive symptoms and perceived social support remains limited, particularly in non-Western cultural contexts. This cross-sectional quantitative study included 139 adults aged 65 years and older attending an internal medicine outpatient clinic. Cognitive eligibility was assessed using the revised Turkish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Measures included the Internalized Stigma of Ageing Scale (ISAS), WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), WHO Quality of Life-AGE (WHOQOL-AGE), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Attitudes Towards Ageing Questionnaire. Statistical analyses comprised t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple linear regression. Participants demonstrated moderate levels of internalized age-related stigma. Internalized stigma was significantly higher among participants who were unemployed and those living alone or with adult children. Internalized stigma was negatively associated with well-being, quality of life and perceived social support, and positively associated with depressive symptoms. Regression analyses indicated that lower well-being, poorer quality of life, higher depressive symptoms and lower perceived social support were significantly associated with higher internalized stigma. Internalized age-related stigma is a significant psychosocial correlate of mental well-being and quality of life in later life. Interventions targeting psychological well-being and social support may play a role in mitigating stigma-related vulnerability in later life.

To develop a machine learning model for predicting Taiwanese adults' intention to sign an advance directive (AD) and to identify the psychosocial, demographic, and system-level predictors relevant to culturally sensitive nursing. This study distinguishes between the reflective process of advance care planning (ACP) and the formal legal act of AD completion, addressing the need to understand cultural and system-level influences. This was a cross-sectional quantitative study. A survey was conducted with 1412 Taiwanese adults by using validated instruments, such as the Knowledge of Advance Care Planning Questionnaire and Advance Care Planning Attitude Scale. Data were analyzed using linear regression, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting models to predict the intention to sign an AD. A SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis was performed to interpret the model and investigate the effects of personal values and system-level barriers. The extreme gradient boosting model outperformed the other models, with mean absolute error and root mean squared error values of 1.68 and 2.13, respectively. The SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis highlighted attitude toward ACP as the strongest predictor of signing intention. In addition to psychosocial factors, system-level factors such as procedural unfamiliarity and high consultation costs emerged as key barriers. Furthermore, older age and a higher number of children were associated with a weaker intention to sign an AD, reflecting a preference for informal family consensus over formal legal documentation. Machine learning models effectively identify the interplay between personal attitudes, family dynamics, and institutional conditions that shape AD-related decision-making. The transition from ACP dialogue to formal AD signing is determined by both cultural values and structural factors. Nurses should adopt a dual-track strategy-supporting advance care planning through family-inclusive dialogues and serving as "system navigators" to help patients overcome legal and financial barriers to advance directive signing. Data-driven insights from the present study may inform precise, culturally responsive interventions that honor patient autonomy.

Understanding student mental health: An explainable pattern analysis approach.

Antenatal depression is a common but under reported complication of pregnancy and childbirth, particularly in low and middle-income settings. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of antenatal depressive symptoms and identify associated obstetric and psychosocial factors among antenatal women attending public health clinics. A multi-centre cross-sectional study was conducted in public health clinics. Participants completed self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric history and psychosocial factors. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) with a score ≥ 12 was used to indicate probable antenatal depression. Data were analysed using R Software version 4.5.2. A total of 572 women were included in the analysis, and prevalence of antenatal depression was 9.6%. In the multiple logistic regression adjusted for age, education, race and household income, antenatal depression was independently associated with unplanned pregnancy ( aOR 2.20, 95% CI 1.03 - 5.02), exposure to stressful event ( aOR 2.99, 95% CI 1.42 - 6.27), present of depressive symptoms in the past two weeks ( aOR 8.25, 95% CI 3.47 - 19.94) and self-perceived present of high worries ( aOR 4.56, 95% CI 1.84 - 13.18). Perceived maternal emotional support during upbringing was protective ( aOR 0.16, 95% CI 0.05 - 0.53). Around one in ten women were screened positive for probable antenatal depression which was associated with unplanned pregnancy, stressful life events, recent depressive symptoms and high worry, while maternal emotional support from upbringing was protective. Finding support routine brief mental health screening practices that also considers other symptoms such as anxiety to improve case-finding and guide targeted support for women at higher risk, alongside interventions that build supportive relationships and break intergenerational cycles of distress.

Promoting physical activity among the general population as well as among people with a history of migration is a crucial aspect of health promotion. However, we still lack a general understanding of physical activity levels and their potential correlates among adults with a history of migration living in Germany. The GEDA Fokus study, conducted by the Robert Koch Institute from 11/2021 to 05/2022, is a nationwide cross-sectional health interview survey of adults (18-79 years) with Croatian, Italian, Polish, Syrian or Turkish citizenship living throughout Germany (n = 6,038). The Aims of this study were (1) to assess the physical activity levels of adults with selected citizenships in Germany, specifically, adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for aerobic activity and muscle strengthening, and in addition, cycling as a means of transport and (2) to identify sociodemographic, migration-related and psychosocial correlates of their physical activity behaviour. Approximately 70% of the participants reported not achieving the WHO recommendations for aerobic physical activity and 75% did not achieve the recommendation for muscle strengthening. The physical activity levels among the participants were associated with a number of sociodemographic, migration-related and psychosocial factors. Multivariable regression analyses showed that men compared to women, adults with higher educational levels, higher subjective social status, better German language proficiency and a higher level of social support were more likely to achieve the WHO recommendations for physical activity. In addition, men compared to women and adults with higher educational levels were more likely to cycle as a means of transport. Overall, the study found that physical activity levels among adults of Croatian, Italian, Polish, Syrian or Turkish citizenship living in Germany were low in comparison to the general population, and there were significant associations between their physical activity behaviour and a range of sociodemographic, migration-related and psychosocial factors. Further in-depth research is needed, both from a public health and health sociology perspective, to identify barriers to physical activity among people with a history of migration and to derive appropriate measures for intervention planning.