Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Research Articles

Work stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in nurses and office workers: a comparative study

Objectives. This study aims to compare the work stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms of nurses and office workers and to determine the relationship between work stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Methods. A total of 127 nurses and 127 office workers participated in the cross-sectional study and comparative study. Data were collected using the perceived work stress scale and the Maudsley obsessive-compulsive inventory. Results. Nurses had higher work stress scores (p = 0.003) in general than office workers. In particular, nurses with a low (p < 0.039) and average (p < 0.007) economic status, nurses who had been employed for 1–10 years (p < 0.001) and nurses working 40 h per week (p < 0.042) had higher work stress scores than office workers. There was no difference (p > 0.05) between obsessive-compulsive symptom scores. There was a positive significant relationship (p < 0.001) between work stress and obsessive-compulsive symptom scores of nurses and office workers. Work stress explains 6.1% of the obsessive-compulsive symptoms in nurses and 12.4% in office workers. Conclusion. The results of this study concluded that work stress of nurses is higher than that of office workers and work stress affects the obsessive-compulsive symptoms in both groups.

Cognitive Impulsivity in Anorexia Nervosa in Correlation with Eating and Obsessive Symptoms: A Comparison with Healthy Controls.

Impulsivity in eating disorders (ED) has been historically focused on bingeing-purging symptoms, evidencing lower levels in restricting subtypes. In the recent literature, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been described as characterized by high cognitive impulsivity. This specific impulsivity factor has been rarely studied in anorexia nervosa (AN). In this study, 53 inpatients with anorexia nervosa and 59 healthy controls completed the following questionnaires: the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI), the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). AN individuals showed significantly increased levels of cognitive instability but no difference in global score and other subscales of impulsivity compared to the healthy controls. Among AN individuals, cognitive instability emerged as being associated with the global score and obsession subscale of the OCI. It was also significantly associated with interoceptive awareness and impulse regulation. Cognitive instability was the main predictor of obsessive thoughts and behaviors in AN. Our study supports the hypothesis of AN as being characterized by high cognitive instability and adds the result that the cognitive domain of impulsivity may be associated with the presence of obsessive symptoms, specifically obsessive thoughts.

Remediating rigid rule-following in subclinical obsessive-compulsive disorder using a brief mindfulness task: A case-control pilot study

A pioneering experiment by Hayes et al. (1986a, b) demonstrated the influence of instructional control and rule-governed behaviour on sensitivity to alternating reinforcement schedules. Hassoulas et al. (2017) replicated the same experimental design in a sample of participants exhibiting obsessive-compulsive behavioural (OCB) traits, supporting the results reported by the original study but also providing further insights into the maintenance of rigid rule following in OCB. The current pilot study replicated the same experimental design and procedure once again, however in considering whether a brief mindfulness-based intervention would facilitate contact with schedule contingencies in a group of participants exhibiting OCB traits. A total of 78 participants were recruited, 38 of whom exhibited OCB traits as measured using the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI). The results revealed a significant difference in sensitivity to changing schedules between the group of participants exhibiting OCB traits and those with few such traits (n = 40), dependent on the degree of instructional accuracy they were provided with. The findings of the current study provide insights into the proposed concomitant administration of mindfulness-based interventions, alongside traditional first-line therapeutic modalities currently administered in the management of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Psychometric Properties of Thai Version of Obsessive Belief Questionnaire (OBQ-T)

Background: Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ) is a valid measure for assessing obsessional beliefs, which are the main symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It is translated and assessed psychometric properties in many languages, however, no valid questionnaire for assessing the beliefs related to OCD is established in Thailand. Objective: To assess the psychometric properties of the Thai version of the Obsessive Belief Questionnaire (OBQ-T). Materials and Methods: Participants include ninety-two OCD patients who were duly informed of the details of the present study. Written consent was obtained. The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44) was translated into Thai (OBQ-T) after receiving permission. Data regarding the characteristics of the participants, the OBQ-T, the Thai self-report version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale-Second Edition (Y-BOCSII-SR-T) severity scale, the Thai Florida Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (FOCI-T), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Pictorial Thai Quality of Life (PTQL), were collected and analyzed. Psychometric properties of the OBQ-T were tested. Results: The OBQ-T has excellent reliability with a Cronbach’s coefficient of 0.945. It has a positive correlation with the Y-BOCS II-SR-T severity scale and the FOCI, which indicates the concurrent validity of the OBQ-T. The content validity index shows acceptable content validity. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were examined, and the three-factor model is most similar to the original OBQ-44, which is composed of three factors reflecting responsibility and threat estimation, perfectionism and intolerance for uncertainty, and importance and control of thought. Conclusion: The OBQ-T has an acceptable reliability and validity for the measurement of beliefs and appraisals, which are related to the pathogenesis of obsessions. Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Psychometric properties, Thai, Obsessional belief questionnaire

The impact of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents with eating disorders: a follow-up study from Türkiye.

At the onset of the pandemic, we conducted a study on adolescents with eating disorders (EDs) and found no deterioration in ED symptoms. The objective of this subsequent study was to conduct a follow-up evaluation of the same cohort and investigate the consequences of the prolonged pandemic. This longitudinal study was conducted one year after the first study between May 2021 and June 2021 with 37 adolescents aged 12-18 years (pre-existing EDs). The reassessment included an evaluation of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the impact of pandemic-related restrictions on ED behaviors, well-being, and quality of life. All the participants underwent a re-administration of the ED examination questionnaire (EDE-Q), Beck Depression Inventory, the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory. No significant difference was observed in the EDE-Q scores or the ED examination questionnaire scores between the initial (T1) and subsequent (T2) study. The ED-related quality of life was seen to have slightly improved in the later stage. While depression (T1: 18, T2: 15, p=0.883) and obsession scores (T1: 11, T2: 14, p: 0.536) showed no disparity between the studies, anxiety scores (T1: 38, T2: 43, p:0.011) exhibited a significant increase. Consistent with the early phase, no exacerbation of ED symptoms in adolescents was observed during the later stages of the pandemic. Close clinical monitoring during the pandemic might have been protective against the deteriorating effects of the pandemic. During social isolation, it is important to monitor adolescents with EDs continously for depression and anxiety.

Romantic relationship obsessive-compulsive doubts, perfectionism, and DSM-5 personality traits in LGB people: a comparison with heterosexual individuals.

Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is characterized by the presence of relationship-centered or partner-focused obsessions and compulsions that determine a great sense of doubt toward the partner or the relationship. Personality characteristics, including perfectionism, are involved in the development of Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and could predispose the individual to excessive doubts and preoccupations regarding the "adequacy of the couple" or the physical appearance of one's partner. Evidence from epidemiological research shows that the LGB community can present a high risk and prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and recent research demonstrated the usefulness of the DSM-5 personality model in understanding the personality of sexual minorities. However, further research is necessary to deepen our knowledge of the relationship between these variables in the LGB community. The aim of the present study was to compare a group of heterosexual individuals to a group of LGB individuals regarding personality traits, perfectionism, and relationship obsessive-compulsive symptoms. A total of 200 participants, 98 in the heterosexual group and 102 in the LGB group, were enrolled in the study and completed a psychological battery comprised of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised, Personality Inventory for DSM-5, Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, Partner-Related Obsessive-Compulsive Symptom Inventory, and Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. The results show that LGB individuals tend to report greater feelings of doubt regarding the partner's love, more negative emotions (Negative Affect) and Antagonism, and greater perfectionism traits compared to heterosexual individuals. These findings underline the necessity to consider the implementation of personalized interventions in clinical practice and the importance of initiating early preventive programs in sexual minority communities.

Evaluation of Internet Addiction and Relational Variables Among Nursing Students in Turkey During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

It is known that individuals use the internet more to escape from the psychological problems they encounter in daily life during the pandemic. Besides, it is also known that individuals with personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion might be prone to internet addiction due to poor communication skills. It is important to determine the relationship between the internet usage characteristics and the mental state of nursing students so that students can provide better quality health services in their education and professional processes. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between internet addiction and personality traits, stress, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms among nursing students during the pandemic. This study includes 528 nursing students. The Young's Internet Addiction Test (YIAT), the Vancouver Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (VOCI), the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used for data collection between August and October 2021. It was found that there was a statistically significant and positive correlation between the students' YIAT mean scores and the EPI neuroticism sub-dimension, VOCI all sub-dimensions, and PSS mean scores (p < .05). In addition, the mean scores of the PSS and EPI were predictors of the YIAT total score (R = .550, R2 = .233, p < .05). Considering these results, it is necessary to prevent the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial health of individuals. Psychological counseling can be offered to provide protective factors during the pandemic period.

Psychometric evaluation and factor analysis of the Iranian version of the Fear of Guilt Scale (FOGS) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Introduction: Fear of guilt is a characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder, which confirms the centrality of guilt in obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Aim: This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Iranian adaptation of the Fear of Guilt Scale. Method: This study was applied and developmental in terms of aim and psychometric type,respectively. The population included all the people of the three company in Tehran, Iran, in the year 2022 from which 520 adults, were selected by availabile sampling. The Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory (2004) and the Fear of Guilt Scale (2016) were used to collect the data. Besides, mean, standard deviation (SD), exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity and construct validity, SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24 were run to analyze the data. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis revealed the existence of two factors: "punishment" and "prevention of harm." The scale demonstrated favorable convergent validity. Concerning scale reliability, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated at 0.90 for the entire scale, 0.88 for the "punishment" subscale, and 0.75 for the "prevention of harm" subscale which revealed the convergent and construct validity of this questionnaire. Conclusion: This study confirms the psychometric properties of the Fear of Guilt Scale in terms of evaluating the features of fear of guilt in obsessive-compulsive disorder .Future researches can use this tool for the purposes of evaluating and investigating the fear of guilt in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder.

General somatic health and lifestyle habits in individuals with obsessive- compulsive disorder: an international survey.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been associated with a broad range of health-related issues. Unhealthy lifestyle habits such as physical inactivity, an unhealthy diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption are hypothesized to contribute to this association. However, the lifestyle habits of individuals with OCD have been scarcely investigated. In this international survey, we explored the physical health and lifestyle habits of adults with a self-reported diagnosis of OCD. An online global survey available in seven languages was disseminated through interest organizations and social media between July 2021 and March 2022. The survey included questions relating to socio-demographic variables and clinical characteristics (including OCD symptom severity - as measured with the 12-item self-report scale Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory [OCI-12] - and psychotropic medication), physical health, and lifestyle habits. Frequencies and percentages, or means and standard deviations, as appropriate, were calculated. Subgroup analyses by OCD symptom severity, gender, and age group were performed. A total of 496 individuals with OCD completed the survey and were included in the analyses (mean age = 36.0 years, SD = 12.5, range 18-79; 78.8% women). Most participants were from Europe (n = 245, 49.4%) and North America (n = 187, 37.7%). OCD symptom severity scores were on the moderate range (OCI-12 mean score = 21.2, SD = 9.1). A majority (n = 354, 71.4%) reported having comorbid somatic health issues, mainly allergies, gastrointestinal conditions, and cardiometabolic conditions. Nearly half of the sample (n = 236, 47.6%) reported a body mass index ≥ 25, corresponding to at least overweight. A significant proportion of the participants reported low physical activity (n = 271, 55.0%), unhealthy dietary habits (n = 182, 36.7%), risk consumption of alcohol (n = 111, 22.3%), and non-restorative sleep (n = 268, 54.0%). Subgroup analyses showed overall similar results across groups, with some exceptions. In this sample, individuals with OCD self-reported a range of health-related issues and a number of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, most prominently a lack of physical activity. Interventions aimed at modifying unhealthy lifestyles to prevent or improve health conditions beyond the psychiatric symptoms should be considered.

Determining the Cut-off Scores for the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory and the Dimensional Obsessive Compulsive Scale and Reviewing Their Psychometric Properties: Which is More Appropriate for the Evaluation of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

Objective: Measurement is essential in psychiatry's clinical and research fields. The cut-off scores of the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and the Dimensional Obsessive Compulsive Scale (DOCS), which are widely used in the evaluation of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), have not been determined. Method: DOCS and MOCI were applied to 128 patients with OCD and 124 healthy participants. The psychometric properties of the scales were examined by ROC analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Rasch models. Results: The cut-off point has been determined as 25 for the DOCS total score, and 18 for the MOCI. The analysis has been shown that some items in MOCI deteriorated the structure of the scale. In DOCS, it has been shown that almost all scale items are compatible with the scale structure. Conclusion: In this study, the cut-off scores have been calculated for the MOCI and the DOCS, so these two scales have become a more effective and helpful construct. It has been also concluded that the DOCS has more robust psychometric properties than the MOCI.

Study on symptom dimensions and clinical characteristics in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The aim of this study was to explore the symptom dimensions and clinical characteristics of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the context of Chinese culture. In this cross-sectional study, the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, the distribution of symptoms, and symptom scores of 263 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale and Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Symptoms Checklist. System cluster analysis and Pearson analysis were performed to explore the relationships between the main clinical characteristics and symptom dimensions. Cluster analysis identified four symptom dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder: (1) symmetry precision; (2) contamination cleaning; (3) aggression examination; and (4) taboo thinking. The symmetry precision dimension showed an association with years of education. The compulsive score, total Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale score, contamination cleaning dimension, and aggression examination dimension had significant relationships. Age, age at onset, obsessive score, and compulsive score had a significant correlation with the taboo-thinking dimension. The symptom dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder in China are similar to those in other regions. Each of the four symptom dimensions had distinct clinical characteristics.

Effects of Relationship-Centered Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms and Difficulty in Emotion Regulation on Psychological Well-Being in Young Adults

This study aims to examine the relationships between emotion regulation difficulties, relationship-centered obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and psychological well-being. The study's second objective is to investigate the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties in the relationship between relationship-centered obsessive-compulsive symptoms and psychological well-being. The participants comprised 191 individuals (152 females and 39 males) aged 18 to 25 (M=21.96, SD=1.78) who lived in Turkey and had been in a romantic relationship for at least one month between 2021 and 2022. In the study, participants were administered a Personal Information Form, the Short Form of the Emotion Regulation Difficulties Scale, the Relationship Obsessive Compulsive Inventory, and the Multidimensional Psychological Well-Being Scale. The results indicate a significant positive relationship between relationship-centered obsessive-compulsive symptoms and emotion regulation difficulties. Moreover, a significant negative relationship was found between emotion regulation difficulties and relationship-centered obsessive-compulsive symptoms and psychological well-being. Additionally, the variables were found to significantly predict psychological well-being in a negative direction, explaining 22% of the variance. According to the mediation analysis, emotion regulation difficulties play a partial mediating role in the relationship between relationship-centered obsessive-compulsive symptoms and psychological well-being. This study is expected to contribute to understanding the etiology and treatment of romantic relationship-centered obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Comparison of healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers in terms of obsessive-compulsive and depressive symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal case-controlled study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the obsessive-compulsive and depressive symptoms of healthcare workers in a case-control setting as longitudinal. In this study included 49 healthcare workers and 47 non-health workers. A sociodemographic data form, the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) were used to assess individuals between June 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021. We assessed the same healthcare workers after 12 months on June 30, 2021 using MOCI, HAM-D, and SCL-90. MOCI and SCL-90 obsessive-compulsive subscale scores were significantly higher in the healthcare workers than in the non-health workers. When we assessed MOCI, HAM-D, and SCL-90 obsessive-compulsive subscale scores after 12 months, there was a statistically significant decrease in the scores of all three scales among the healthcare workers. The results of the study showed that healthcare workers were more likely to have obsessive-compulsive symptoms than non-health workers in the early part of the pandemic on June 1, 2020, as shown by their scores on MOCI and the obsessive-compulsive subscale of SCL-90. When we assessed the same participants after 12 months (June 30, 2021), both MOCI and SCL-90 obsessive-compulsive subscale scores had decreased significantly. In contrast to these results, HAM-D scores significantly increased.

Exploration Into the COVID-19 Lockdown Affective Experiences and Modulations in Obsessive-Compulsive Behavior

The development of unique situations due to the hit of COVID-19 has forced the human race to take a plunge into a different facet of the world functioning. The novel lifestyle appropriate in prevailing times has been imposed with an ample of lifestyle regulations and consequently influenced behavior, thought and affective processes. The nature of experiential incorporation of the environmental changes and eventual adjustments may have age differences. Hence, the present study focuses on the exploration of the following research questions: 1) What were the affective experiences of middle and old aged individuals post first wave of COVID-19 lockdown? 2) What were the modulations in the levels of obsessions and compulsive behaviour of middle aged and old aged individuals before and post first wave of COVID-19 lockdown? For the purpose, 12 case studies (06 middle and 06 old aged) were taken pre and post COVID-19 first wave lockdown. Personal data schedule and Clark-Beck Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory was administered. The results identified four categories of the affective experiences of participants. The affective responses to information exposure were revealed in accordance to age in the four categories. Modulations in obsession and compulsions were also recorded pre and post COVID-19 lockdown phase1 in accordance to the age groups. Keywords: : COVID-19, Affective experience, obsession, compulsions, middle aged &amp; old aged.

Validation of the Electronic form of the Revised Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R) in Students During the Coronavirus Crisis: A Descriptive Study

Validation of the Electronic form of the Revised Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R) in Students During the Coronavirus Crisis: A Descriptive Study

Self-Compassion and Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms in a Non-Clinical Sample: Insights from Network Analysis and Canonical Correlation Analysis

ObjectivesThe goal of the present study was to investigate the hypothesized complex interactions between dimensions of self-compassion and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCD) in a non-clinical sample.MethodFour hundred and twenty-four individuals (273 women) ranging in age from 18 to 83 years (M = 41.00; SD = 14.50) participated in the cross-sectional survey. The participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) and the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory—Revised (OCI-R). ResultsCertain dimensions of self-compassion were found to be associated with specific OCD symptoms, with positive dimensions (except Common humanity) correlating with reduced Obsessing, Hoarding, and Ordering, and negative dimensions correlating with all OCD symptoms. Canonical correlation analysis indicated three significant linkages: (1) between Isolation, Over-identification, and Obsessing, (2) between Self-judgment, Over-identification, Ordering, and Checking, and (3) between Self-judgment and Neutralizing. Exploratory graph analysis challenged the structure of the SCS and the OCI-R, suggesting two dimensions of self-compassion, compassionate self-reference and uncompassionate self-reference; and two dimensions of OCD, obsessing and other OCD symptoms. The Obsessing subscale appeared as a bridge between uncompassionate self-reference and OCD symptoms. Compassionate self-reference was negatively correlated with uncompassionate self-reference and obsessing, whereas uncompassionate self-reference was positively correlated with obsessing and OCD symptoms.ConclusionsInvestigation of the associations between self-compassion and psychopathology should avoid aggregating the uncompassionate and compassionate dimensions of self-compassion. The significant associations in the network of self-compassion and OCD symptoms were between uncompassionate self-reference, obsessing, and OCD symptoms.PreregistrationThis study is not pre-registered.

Identifying individual vulnerabilities and problematic behaviors hindering musicians’ development: Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder versus study addiction

Individual vulnerabilities, such as particular personality characteristics, may be important risk factors that can hinder the development of young musicians and affect their professional careers. This study aimed to examine the relationship between obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) and rigid perfectionism, study addiction, and well-being among music students. It was hypothesized that OCPD is a strong risk factor for addictive studying; compulsive learning, however, is an addictive disorder with its own etiology, symptomatology, epidemiology, and course. A total of 255 students from various music academies in Poland participated in the study. It used the Bergen Study Addiction Scale, assessing seven core addiction symptoms related to studying; Five-Factor Obsessive Compulsive Inventory; Perceived Stress Scale; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; Three-Item Loneliness Scale; and a single-item measure of learning engagement. Both study addiction and OCPD showed positive relationships with stress, anxiety, depression, and loneliness. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses showed that study addiction was related to well-being above and beyond OCPD and was more strongly associated with compromised functioning. Furthermore, mediation analyses indicated that study addiction is a full mediator between OCPD and stress, as well as loneliness, and a partial mediator for anxiety and depression. Moderation analyses revealed that OCPD was related to well-being only for those participants who scored low for study addiction. There was no significant relationship between OCPD and well-being for participants who scored high for study addiction. These results strongly indicate that OCPD is an important risk factor for study addiction although these are different disorders. Like students with high levels of OCPD, students with high levels of study addiction but low levels of OCPD experience reduced well-being. The polythetic cut-off score showed that 24.6% of young musicians could be addicted to studying. Due to the high prevalence of this disorder, further systematic studies among young musicians are highly warranted to prevent and provide better help with the problem.

Profiling orthorexia nervosa in young adults: the role of obsessive behaviour, perfectionism, and self-esteem

BackgroundOrthorexia nervosa (ON) is a relatively new potential eating disorder characterized by an intense fixation on one’s eating habits and the imposition of rigid and inflexible rules on oneself. Psychological factors such as obsessive–compulsive tendencies, perfectionism and self-esteem may interact in complex ways and contribute to the development and maintenance of ON.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 977 participants from Italy, Lebanon, and Poland. Participants completed a questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic information, the Eating Habits Questionnaire, Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory, Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Cluster analysis was used to identify subgroups of individuals with common psychological characteristics associated with ON.ResultsThree distinct clusters were identified based on their levels of obsession-compulsive beliefs, perfectionism, and self-esteem. The first group, labeled “High Self-Mastery,” consisted of 37.0% of participants and exhibited low levels of obsession-compulsion, obsessive beliefs, and perfectionism, but high self-esteem. The second group, “Moderate Self-Mastery,” comprised 39.5% of participants and had moderate levels of these traits. The third group, “Low Self-Mastery,” consisted of 23.6% of participants and exhibited the highest levels of obsession-compulsion, obsessive beliefs, and perfectionism, but the lowest self-esteem. Additionally, a multivariable analysis revealed that being Lebanese (Beta = 3.39) and belonging to the last cluster (Beta = 4.53) were significantly associated with higher ON tendencies.ConclusionOur findings show that individuals with low self-mastery, characterized by low self-esteem and high levels of obsessive perfectionism, are more likely to exhibit ON tendencies. This study emphasizes the need to have a comprehensive understanding of how cultural and psychological factors interact in the development of eating disorders.

The positive impact of environmentally artistic design in cultural architecture on OCD audience

BackgroundRecurrent compulsive thoughts and behaviors caused by obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) against the subjective wishes of the individual can lead to significant distress and anxiety for the patient. To improve the therapeutic effect on patients with severe OCD, to study the positive impact of environmental art design of cultural architecture under the characteristics of modern aesthetic psychology on patients with OCD.Subjects and MethodsTwenty-five patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were selected as the experimental group and another 25 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder as the control group. Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) was used to collect data on the two groups. Learning and appreciating seven days of aesthetic art design as a cycle and three cycles as a course of treatment. In each process, the two groups of patients were tested for obsessive-compulsive disorder scores until the end of 5 courses.ResultsThe mean scores of the experimental and control groups were 33 and 35 after one course of treatment and 22 and 36 after five treatment methods, respectively. The experimental group significantly improved symptom relief, emotion regulation, and psychological comfort, while the control group had no significant change.ConclusionsCreating a building environment with aesthetic value and emotional resonance can significantly alleviate the symptoms of OCD and improve the audience’s emotional regulation ability and psychological comfort. Therefore, attention should be paid to the application and publicity of aesthetic and psychological characteristics in cultural architecture design to provide comfortable environmental art experiences for obsessive-compulsive disorder audiences.

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Fear of Self Questionnaire.

The aim of the study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the 20-item Fear of Self Questionnaire (FSQ) in Iranian samples. A cross-sectional, descriptive survey design was used. Students in universities of Tehran were invited to participate. Participants were asked to complete the Persian versions of the FSQ, Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory (VOCI), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Ego Strength Scale (ESS), and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RES). Face, content, and construct validity, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), and test-retest reliability of the FSQ were assessed. Face and content validity of the FSQ were confirmed. Analysis of the principal components using the inclined rotation method showed that there were two factors with an eigenvalue >1, which explained 80.5% of the total variance. The first factor had 12 items and the second factor had 8 items. The internal consistency was 0.975, 0.981, and 0.941 for the total score and the first and second factor, respectively, whereas the test-retest reliability was 0.732, 0.729, and 0.714, respectively (all p ≤ 0.01). For convergent validity of the FSQ, correlations of the total score and the two factors of the FSQ with the scores of VOCI, RES, ESS, and DASS-21 were all significant (p ≤ 0.01). The FSQ can be used in Iranian samples for clinical practice and research.