Jiangxi Province Research Articles

Intergenerational differences in the homestead policy cognition of farmers within the context of institutional change: empirical evidence from villages in Jiangxi province, China

A complete understanding of homestead policy is crucial for farmers and is key to China’s rural homestead system reform. However, intergenerational cognitive differences have hindered reform progress as the changes to the system are complex. Based on Distributed Cognition Theory, this study established a theoretical framework to explain the formation of farmers’ homestead policy cognition and constructed an indicator system addressing personal power, regional power, and cultural power dimensions. Based on 2445 questionnaires across 345 villages in 37 counties of Jiangxi province, China, this study employed an OLS regression model to analyze factors influencing intergenerational differences in farmers’ homestead policy cognition and the ISM model to explore the mechanisms and driving forces. First, homestead policy cognition of older generation farmers (OFs) was significantly lower than that of new generation farmers (NFs). Second, personal, regional, and cultural power exerted more significant influence on the homestead policy cognition of OFs, when compared to NFs. OFs who reported higher education, participation in the formulation of village rules and regulations, and acquisition of homestead by application exhibited higher homestead policy cognition. Finally, regional power was found to be the root factor contributing to the formation of homestead policy cognition between the two generations studied. The policy cognition formation mechanism of OFs was found to be “regional power - personal power - cultural power - policy cognition.” Conversely, the policy cognition formation mechanism of NFs was found to be “regional power - cultural power - policy cognition.” These results suggest that government agencies should respect intergenerational cognitive differences, improve the policy publicity system, and adopt targeted measures to address the specific cognitive characteristics of different generations. This study explored the intergenerational differences in farmers’ homestead policy cognition, as well as the mechanisms for their formation, offering insights for rural land system reforms in other countries.

Whole-genome sequencing uncovers the plant growth-promoting potential of Bacillus licheniformis G41, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Gannan navel orange

BackgroundGannan navel orange orchards currently rely heavily on inorganic fertilizers, which have significantly degraded soil quality. Therefore, developing sustainable methods aligned with modern green agriculture is crucial. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial microorganisms that can promote plant growth and contribute to soil ecological balance. In-depth research and application of PGPR can support both agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability.ResultsIn this study, Bacillus licheniformis G41 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of navel orange in southern Jiangxi Province. It was found that this strain possesses the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), synthesize siderophores, and solubilize phosphate. To further validate its PGP effects, strain G41 was inoculated into navel orange seedlings. After the inoculation experiment, plant height, biomass accumulation, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activities increased in the inoculated group compared to the control group. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 4,610,067 bp, with a total of 21 scaffolds, an average GC content of 46.17%, 4,700 predicted genes, 82 tRNAs, and 3 rRNAs. By comparing the predicted genes with the KEGG database, key functional genes related to IAA biosynthesis, siderophore biosynthesis and transport, and phosphorus cycle were identified.ConclusionOverall, genomic analyses and PGP experiments suggest that B. licheniformis G41, which possesses multiple plant growth-promoting traits, can effectively promote the growth of navel orange seedlings and exhibits potential as an efficient and environmentally friendly microbial fertilizer.

Two new species and a new combination in Aculithus Liu & Li, 2022 (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) from South China.

Jiangxi Province has gradually become a hotspot for research on the family Phrurolithidae Banks, 1892, with 64 new species discovered in the past five years. Notably, over half of the currently known Aculithus species (5 species) were recorded in this region. However, studies have primarily focused on southern Jiangxi, while northern Jiangxi and remote mountainous areas remain under-surveyed. Many unknown Phrurolithidae species are still likely to be discovered within the Province. Two new species, Aculithuslanguan Jiang & Liu, sp. nov. and A.ruijin Jiang & Liu, sp. nov., are described from Jiangxi Province, China. Morphological illustrations, SEM pictures, photos of live specimens and a distribution map are given. Additionally, a new combination, A.taoyuan (Fu, Chen & Zhang, 2016) comb. nov., is proposed. The total number of the known species of Aculithus from China is raised to 12, including the three species treated in the present paper.

A New Species of Sinospelaeobdella from China: Sinospelaeobdella jiangxiensis sp. n. (Hirudinda, Arhynchobdellida, Haemadipsidae)

We describe a new species (Sinospelaeobdella jiangxiensissp. n.) from a natural cave in southwestern Jiangxi Province, China, according to external and internal morphology and COI gene sequences. S. jiangxiensissp. n. is distinguishable from other species of Sinospelaeobdella primarily by morphological characteristics, including body length, the position of the fifth pair of eyes and the first pair of testes, the number of caeca, and the shape and number of auricular projections. We also estimate its phylogenetic position within the genus Sinospelaeobdella. Molecular phylogenetic analyses supported the morphological delimitation of S. jiangxiensissp. n. as separate from S. wulingensis. Both the morphological and molecular data support S. jiangxiensissp. n. as a new species, so the results provide critical data for the determination and conservation of Sinospelaeobdella, and enhance the documented diversity of this recently established genus.

Will land transfer improve grain farmers’ adoption of agricultural green production technology? Evidence from Jiangxi Province, China

The application of agricultural green production technologies (AGPTs) promotes green agricultural development and enhances the rural environment. Scale operations can allocate land resources rationally and modernise agricultural technology and management practices. Although previous studies have shown that expanding land transfer facilitates the adoption of AGPTs by farmers, research on how to further promote farmers’ adoption behaviour is still lacking. To understand the mechanism of land transfer on farmers’ adoption behaviour of AGPTs, this study uses survey data from farmers in Jiangxi Province, China, and employs an endogenous switching regression (ESR) model for counterfactual estimation. The results show that farmers who have acquired land through transfer adopt AGPTs at a significantly higher rate than those who have not. Land transfer promotes farmers’ adoption behaviour by increasing household income, financial support, and agricultural socialised services. Land transfer contracts, long-term transfers, and moderate land rent are also conducive to farmers’ adoption behaviour of AGPTs. The impact of the land transfer on farmers’ adoption behaviour of AGPTs is more significant among large-scale farmers, those with higher field fertility, and those with lower land fragmentation.

Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of duck-derived Escherichia coli isolates.

Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of duck-derived Escherichia coli isolates.

Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Tulipa (Amana spp.) in East Asia.

Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Tulipa (Amana spp.) in East Asia.

Source Apportionment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Agricultural Soils of Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, China: A Principal Component Analysis–Positive Matrix Factorization Method

The increase in the concentration of potentially toxic elements in farmland soil attracts more and more attention. To identify the sources of potentially toxic elements in agricultural soils, 148 soil samples in Yingtan were selected as a case study, potentially toxic elements levels were analyzed, and principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) were employed. The results indicate that the average of Zn (89.62 mg·kg−1 d.w.), Cu (76.30 mg·kg−1 d.w.), Pb (35.56 mg·kg−1 d.w.), Mo (0.66 mg·kg−1 d.w.), and Cd (0.59 mg·kg−1 d.w.) exceed the corresponding soil background values of Jiangxi Province. Moreover, the high spatial coefficient of variation (above 1.00) for these elements suggests a significant influence from long-term external inputs. Among all of the elements above, the soil Cu and Cd concentrations indicate a relatively high pollution ranked by Igeo. Further analysis of sources apportioned by PCA and PMF implies that the potentially toxic elements input into agricultural soil may be attributed to mining activity, natural sources, smelting, and agricultural activity. This study implies that PCA-PMF combined with the field survey may be helpful tools for discerning the pollutants’ sources, and it addresses a view that the increasing Cu and Cd levels in farmland is concerning, as it is associated with the historical use of mixed fertilizers and a lack of supervision.

Agricultural Machinery Adoption and Farmers’ Well-Being: Evidence from Jiangxi Province

As a cornerstone of agricultural modernization, agricultural mechanization plays a pivotal role in driving rural revitalization and establishing agricultural competitiveness. Drawing upon the theoretical framework of happiness economics, this study investigates the impact, mechanisms, and heterogeneous effects of agricultural machinery adoption on farmers’ subjective well-being, utilizing comprehensive household survey data collected from Jiangxi Province in July 2023. The empirical results demonstrate a significant positive correlation between agricultural machinery adoption and farmers’ subjective well-being, a finding that remains robust after addressing endogeneity concerns through instrumental variable approaches. The mechanism analysis reveals that the enhancement of well-being is primarily mediated through facilitated transitions to non-agricultural employment. The purpose of the mechanism analysis is to explain why agricultural mechanization adoption improves farmers’ subjective well-being. This analysis finds that agricultural mechanization adoption improves farmers’ subjective well-being by helping them transition to non-agricultural employment more smoothly. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the beneficial effects are more substantial among male farmers, individuals with higher educational attainment, and younger demographic groups. These findings suggest that policy interventions should focus on enhancing innovation in agricultural machinery technology, optimizing subsidy programs for agricultural equipment, improving rural education systems, and facilitating the structural transformation of rural labor markets.

The tradeoff between increasing productivity and environmental sustainability in super hybrid rice breeding

Super hybrid rice has significantly enhanced agricultural productivity in China, yet its environmental sustainability implications remain poorly understood. Using the food-carbon-nitrogen-energy-profit (FCNEP) framework, we evaluated five elite varieties (LYPJ, YLY1, YLY2, YLY900, XYL900) cultivated between 1999 and 2017. Field experiments were conducted from 2015 to 2017 across four provinces (Hubei, Hunan, Henan, and Jiangxi Province) in central China under four nitrogen treatments (0, 210, 300, 390 kg N/ha). Our findings reveal that while variety evolution boosted yields and reduced energy footprints (EFs), it also resulted in an increase in the nitrogen and carbon footprint (CF). Compared with LYPJ, newer varieties increased yields by 15.0–21.7% and net profits by 25.9–40.3%, while reducing energy footprints by 16.3–22.7%. However, nitrogen and carbon footprints rose by 8.0–34.5% and 31.0–76.6%, respectively. The composite sustainability score, derived from the FCNEP framework, indicated an initial improvement in sustainability during the early breeding stages of super hybrid rice. However, as breeding advanced, the sustainability score showed a subsequent decline. This study underscores the trade-off between enhancing productivity and maintaining environmental sustainability in superhybrid rice breeding. Future super hybrid rice breeding initiatives should prioritize balancing yield improvements with environmental considerations to promote sustainable agricultural development.

Clinical effect of percutaneous hepatic puncture biliary drainage combined with metal stent implantation in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous hepatic puncture biliary drainage combined with metal stent implantation in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice, focusing on improvements in liver function, bile duct patency time, and reduction of postoperative complications.Methods181 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were retrospectively selected from a hospital in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, from April 2021 to May 2024, of which 132 underwent routine percutaneous liver puncture biliary drainage and 49 underwent percutaneous liver puncture biliary drainage combined with metal stent implantation as the observation group.ResultsThe clinical efficacy of the observation group was higher (P < 0.05), and the bile duct patency time was longer (P < 0.05). The AST, ALT, DBIL and TBIL levels were decreased 1 week and 1 month after surgery, and the decrease was more significant in the observation group (P < 0.05). In addition, the incidence of postoperative complications (bile duct infection and electrolyte disturbance) in the observation group was lower (P < 0.05).ConclusionPercutaneous hepatic puncture biliary drainage combined with metal stent implantation has significant clinical efficacy, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients, prolong the biliary patency time, reduce the level of bilirubin, promote the improvement of liver function, and lower the incidence of postoperative complications.Clinical trial numbernot applicable.

Research on Measuring the Development Level of the Digital Economy Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Mid-Lower Reaches

Identifying the development of the digital economy is crucial for promoting digital innovation in China, achieving internet connectivity, and enhancing the country’s overall strength. To this end, this study first constructs an evaluation index system for digital economy development, comprising 15 indicators across three levels. Next, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to assign weights to these indicators. Finally, the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method is used to measure and compare the digital economy development scores of provinces and cities in the Yangtze River mid-lower reaches, aiming to explore the key factors influencing digital economy development. The findings reveal that the R&amp;D expenditure accounts for GDP proportion and science and technology expenditure are significant indicators affecting digital economy growth. Zhejiang Province has the highest level of digital economy development, while Jiangxi Province has the lowest. Based on these findings, suggestions are made to strengthen the digital foundation and increase investment in innovation.

Mediating role of self-efficacy and moral identity in volunteer service and public service motivation among Chinese college students

This study aims to explore the relationship between college students’ volunteer service experience, self-efficacy and moral identity and college students’ Public Service Motivation(PSM). It provides empirical insights for improving PSM among college students and informs educational programs and policies that can promote a more active and service-oriented youth population. A questionnaire-based study was conducted among college students in Jiangxi and Hunan provinces, using the Volunteer Service Experience Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale, Moral Identity Scale, and Public Service Motivation Scale. Data were collected from March to May 2023, with participants selected through stratified random sampling to ensure diverse representation from various universities and academic disciplines. A total of 1,400 students participated, with 1,344 valid responses. (1) Volunteer service experience positively influences college students’ Public Service Motivation. (2) Self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between volunteer service experience and PSM. (3) Moral identity also partially mediates the relationship between volunteer service experience and PSM. (4) Both self-efficacy and moral identity function as chain mediators in the pathway from volunteer service experience to PSM. Self-efficacy and moral identity serve as chain mediators between college students’ volunteer service experience and their Public Service Motivation (PSM). Volunteer service experience positively impacts PSM, with self-efficacy and moral identity facilitating this relationship. Specifically, self-efficacy enhances PSM, while moral identity further strengthens this connection.

Spatio-temporal assessment of landscape ecological riskand its influencing factors in Jiangxi Province, China.

Landscape ecological risk (LER) can be assessed according to the combined effect of natural disturbances and anthropogenic activities on ecosystem, which can provide an important basis for promoting ecological civilization.On the basis of landscape patterns, an LER assessment system was developed, and the spatiotemporal change in the LER in Jiangxi Province between 2000 and 2020was analyzed. The findings revealed that rapid urbanization inJiangxi Province has altered land usepatterns, characterized by notable decreases in forestland and cultivated land, accompanied by a substantial increase in built-up land. Most of Jiangxi Province exhibited low LERvalues, with notable improvement over the pasttwo decades. The proportion of areas classified as exhibitingextremely high risk and high risk levels decreased from 8.68% to 5.70%, while the proportion of areas classified asexhibiting an extremely low risk level increased from 43.37% to 51.72%. In a significant proportion of areas, the LER decreased, and an area with clear improvement extended outward from Nanchang city. Low LER values were clustered in the mountainous area, while high LER values were clustered in northern Jiangxi. In an investigation of the LERformation mechanism via a geographically weighted regression model, the annual temperature, digital elevation model (DEM)value, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were primarily negatively correlated with the LER in most areas. Conversely, theland use degree was positively correlated with the LER. This research provides insighs for optimizing urban economic growth models and promoting sustainable landscape management in Jiangxi Province.

Unveiling diverse copper trace element profiles from a single smelting site through laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometric analysis

AbstractAs an important provenance indicator, trace element profile has been widely used to reveal the origin and mixing history of archaeological bronzes. However, due to the lack of chemical characterization of raw copper from smelting sites, there has been little understanding about the variation of trace element concentration within one copper source. This has significantly confined discussion on copper circulation in prehistoric societies. This research developed a method to analyze copper prills embedded in smelting slag based on laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS). A series of tests have proved that a relative error of less than 20% can be achieved for most elements with appropriate choice of analytical parameters and reference materials. This method is then used to analyze the Early–Middle Shang (1500–1200 BC) period copper smelting slag from the site of Tongling in northern Jiangxi province, China. The results show that the copper smelted from different ores of the same site has systematically different trace element characteristics, and copper prills of this site are highly varied in terms of Ag, Ni, Co, As, and Bi content. When plotting Tongling prills together with the bronze artifacts from the Panlongcheng site, also in the Middle Yangtze River valley, it is found that the trace element concentration of these two sites correspond well with each other, and the Panlongcheng bronzes with highly varied trace element profile could have been manufactured with copper from one source. This analysis demonstrates the potentially heterogeneous nature of the copper trace element profiles produced at one smelting site, and calls for more analysis of copper prills using LA‐ICP‐MS to establish a new foundation for future discussions on copper provenance based on trace element data.

The impact of physical exercise on adolescent social anxiety: the serial mediating effects of sports self-efficacy and expressive suppression

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the impact of physical exercise on adolescent social anxiety and to elucidate the serial mediating roles of sports self-efficacy and expressive suppression within this context.MethodsUtilizing a convenience random cluster sampling technique, this study surveyed 2500 primary and secondary school students across Sichuan, Guangdong, Shandong, Henan, and Jiangxi provinces. The survey utilized validated scales to assess physical exercise, sports self-efficacy, expressive suppression, and social anxiety among adolescents.ResultsThe study revealed that: (1) Physical exercise has a significant negative correlation with social anxiety (r = -0.32, p < 0.01); (2) Sports self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between physical exercise and social anxiety, with an indirect effect of -0.15 (95% CI [-0.22, -0.09]); (3) Expressive suppression significantly mediated the relationship between physical exercise and social anxiety, with an indirect effect of -0.11 (95% CI [-0.17, -0.06]); (4) Sports self-efficacy and expressive suppression exerted a significant serial mediating effect on the relationship between physical exercise and social anxiety, with an indirect effect of -0.05 (95% CI [-0.08, -0.02]).ConclusionPhysical exercise not only directly alleviates social anxiety in adolescents but also indirectly diminishes social anxiety through the enhancement of sports self-efficacy and the reduction of expressive suppression.

First report of Colletotrichum fructicola causing Anthracnose on the leaf of flowering cherry (Prunus serrulata 'Sekiyama') in China.

Flowering cherry (Prunus serrulata) is a notable garden tree that blooms in early spring. In June 2023, an anthracnose disease was identified on 60% of P. serrulata 'Sekiyama' plants in the Fenghuanggou Scenic Area (0.2 ha.) in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province (28.37° N, 116.01° E). At early disease stages, brown, small spots (0.5 to 1 mm) appeared on the upper surface of leaves. Subsequently, a chlorotic halo developed around each lesion. Then necrotic lesions were enlarged, the leaves were perforated. Ten symptomatic leaves were collected from 5 trees, rinsed under running water for 3 min, sectioned into 5×5 mm pieces, disinfected in 75% ethanol for 30 sec and rinsed three times with sterile water. Tissue pieces were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 27 °C for three days. Among the 15 isolates, 5 isolates with similar morphology were obtained from the 10 infected tissue pieces. Colonies were off-white with cotton-like hyphae, with the reverse of the culture became brownish. Conidia were hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindrical, aseptate, and had wide rounded ends and were measured 0.91 to 1.41 μm × 2.11 to 3.18 μm (n=28). To identify these isolates, ITS1/ITS4 (Gardes and Bruns, 1993) primers were first used to amplify the ITS sequence, and it was found that the five isolates had 100% homology to the genus Colletotrichum (Tang et al., 2022). One isolate (ZJ1-1) was selected for subsequent verification, and partial chitin synthase (CHS), calmodulin (CAL) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes were amplified with the primers CHS-79F/CHS-345R (Carbone and Kohn, 1999), CL1C/CL2C (Weir et al., 2012) and GDF/GDR (Templeton et al., 1992), respectively. Sequences were deposited in GenBank as accession numbers PP481926 (CHS), PP481927 (CAL), PP481925 (GAPDH), and PP077091 (ITS). Blast analysis demonstrated that the sequences were 99% to 100% identical with those of Colletotrichum fructicola isolate ICMP18646 (JX009874, JX009674, JX010032, JX010173). A phylogenetic tree was produced using CHS-CAL-GAPDH-ITS concatenated sequences in MEGA 11.0 and found that ZJ1-1 was assigned to the C. fructicola clade with 95% bootstrap support. According to its morphological characteristics and molecular biology, the strain was identified as C. fructicola ( Kang et al., 2023). The fungus ZJ1-1 was inoculated onto healthy 3-year-old P. serrulata 'Sekiyama' trees. 3 trees were wounded and inoculated with 10 μL spore suspension (1.0×106 conidia/mL) of ZJ1-1, and other 3 trees were inoculated with sterile ddH2O to act as the control. The inoculated plants were incubated in a greenhouse with 27 ℃ and 95% RH. Each plant was inoculated on three leaves, with three replicates. Symptoms of anthracnose appeared on the third day following inoculation, but no symptoms appeared on the trees maintained as controls. C. fructicola was re-isolated (named 003) from the inoculated leaves and confirmed by the methods described above, whereas no fungus was isolated from the control plants. To our knowledge, C. fructicola caused anthracnose has been reported on Paeonia lactiflora, Prunus avium and Prunus sibirica (Kang et al., 2023; Zhou et al., 2023; Han et al., 2023), but this is the first report of C. fructicola causing leaf spot disease on flowering cherry in China. C. fructicola can induce leaf defoliation of flowering cherry in severe cases, and further investigations are required to ascertain the potential pathogenicity of other Colletotrichum sp.

First Report of Leaf Blight on Lithocarpus litseifolius Caused by Diaporthe amygdali in China.

Lithocarpus litseifolius is a third-generation new tea source that integrates "tea, sugar, and medicine" (Wang et al., 2021). In July 2023, a leaf blight on L. litseifolius was observed in the L. litseifolius plantation (0.33 ha) at Mount Dajue, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China (27.696119°N, 117.172554°E). The disease incidence was estimated to be above 40%. The symptoms on leaves showed brown necrotic lesions at the tips and margin of leaves, and localized areas on leaf blades. As the disease developed, the lesions enlarged and the leaves incurved with time and, in severe cases, the whole leaves became light brown, necrotic, desiccated, papery, dead, and eventually defoliated. We collected 10 leaves from the diseased area for pathogen isolation. The leaf tissue near the lesion was cut into 5 × 5 mm slices, disinfected with 75 % ethanol for 30 s, soaked in 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution for 3 min, and washed with sterile distilled water 4 times. The sterilized leaves were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates and incubated in darkness at 28°C for 3 days to isolate symptom-related pathogens. After 3 days of incubation, hyphal tips from the edge of the growing colony were transferred to fresh PDA plates for further purification. Finally, 10 colonies with similar morphology were isolated from 10 symptomatic tissues. Fungal colonies initially appear white, turning pale gray from the center with dense and felted mycelium with concentric zonation. The alpha conidia were on average 2.56× 5.84 μm ( 2.00 to 3.80 × 3.96 to 7.89 μm) in size and were aseptate, hyaline, smooth, and ellipsoidal (n = 30). Based on these morphological characteristics, the fungi were determined to be Diaporthe species (Gomes et al. 2013). The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), a partial sequence of β-tubulin gene (Tub2) and translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF1) of one representative isolate 2BDJS1 were amplified and sequenced using primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al., 1990), Bt2a/Bt2b (Glass and Donaldson, 1995), and EF1-728F/EF1-986R (Carbone and Kohn, 1999), respectively. The nucleotide sequences obtained from isolate 2BDJS1 were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers PQ185599 (ITS), PQ358310 (TEF1), and PQ358311 (Tub2). BLASTn analysis revealed that the ITS, TEF1, and Tub2 sequences of isolate 2BDJS1 exhibited 97.98%, 95.16%, and 99.79% similarity, respectively, to those of the D. amygdali isolate DJY-HW-1 (GenBank accession numbers MK511798 for ITS, MK570512 for TEF1, and MK570513 for Tub2). A Maximum-Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree was constructed using the concatenated ITS-TEF1-Tub2 multigene sequences in MEGA7. The results indicated that isolate 2BDJS1 clustered independently with two reference strains of D. amygdali, with a bootstrap support value of 99%. Combining these molecular data with morphological characteristics, including colony morphology and alpha conidia morphology, we confidently identified isolate 2BDJS1 as D. amygdali. The pathogenicity test was carried out by inoculating the mycelial disc into the leaves of L. litseifolius by piercing method (Wang et al., 2024). The control was inoculated with sterile PDA plug. Each treatment was repeated 6 times. The inoculated plants and the control plants were placed in a greenhouse at 25°C, relative humidity of 80%, and photoperiod of 12 h. All inoculated leaves exhibited blight symptoms 14 days after inoculation, whereas the control plants remained asymptomatic. Based on morphology and DNA sequence verification, only D. amygdali was re-isolated from symptomatic leaves, which confirmed Koch's hypothesis. Previous studies have shown that D. amygdali can cause canker disease in Juglans regia, Carica papaya and Prunus persica (Meng et al., 2018; Alam et al., 2023; Beluzán et al., 2021). As far as we know, this is the first report of leaf blight disease of L. litseifolius caused by D. amygdali in China. L. litseifolius is an important medicinal and edible tree species, and its planting area is increasing year by year. Therefore, it is essential to further investigate the presence of this pathogen in other planting areas of L. litseifolius within the province, and explore mitigation strategies to reduce losses.

Anticoagulation therapy after reperfusion treatment for acute ischemic stroke with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a multicenter retrospective study

To understand anticoagulation therapy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) after receiving reperfusion treatments in the real world. This retrospective study collected basic clinical data, the initiation time of anticoagulation therapy, treatment plans, and prognosis of AIS patients with AF who underwent intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), and/or endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) from January 2019 to January 2022 in four tertiary hospitals in Jiangxi Province. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing anticoagulation therapy in these patients. The reasons for delay or non-initiation of anticoagulation therapy were analyzed by questionnaire. A total of 410 patients met the selection criteria, including 168 (41.0%) in the IVT group, 144 (35.1%) in the EVT group, and 98 (23.9%) in the IVT + EVT group. Initiation of anticoagulation therapy within 14 days post-AIS was found in 175 patients in total (42.7%), which is significantly different in three groups (49.7% in IVT group, 30.3% in EVT group, and 20.0% in IVT + EVT groups, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that prior use of antiplatelet drugs was more common in patients receiving early anticoagulation therapy (OR = 0.122, 95% CI 0.065–0.228, P < 0.01). Patients receiving no anticoagulation had higher-3-days post-reperfusion NIHSS score (OR = 1.109, 95% CI 1.073–1.147, P < 0.01) and more in-hospital haemorrhagic transformation (OR = 2.572, 95% CI 1.423–4.648, P < 0.01). Of all patients, 281 had a favorable 90-day prognosis (mRS score 0–2), including 152 (86.9%) in the early anticoagulation group and 129 (54.9%) in the delay anticoagulation group (P < 0.01). Postoperative 90-day outcomes included 25 (6.1%) cases of recurrent ischemic stroke (P = 0.55) and 27 (6.6%) bleeding events (P = 0.32). Early initiation of anticoagulation therapy improves 90-day outcomes in NVAF post-related AIS patients with related AF after receiving reperfusion treatments; however, the initiation of anticoagulation in most patients might be much later than the currently recommended timing in real world.

The Mediating Role of Satisfaction with Life and Social Interaction Anxiety in the Relationship Between Loneliness and Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy.

Regulatory emotional self-efficacy represents individuals' belief in their capacity to manage emotions effectively and plays a vital role in supporting emotional well-being and adaptive functioning, particularly in university students. This study explores the influence of loneliness on regulatory emotional self-efficacy and its underlying mechanisms by incorporating two mediating variables-satisfaction with life and social interaction anxiety-within a chain mediation model. A total of 547 undergraduate students from a university located in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, participated in the survey. The findings reveal that loneliness directly impacts regulatory emotional self-efficacy; satisfaction with life mediates the effect of loneliness on regulatory emotional self-efficacy; social interaction anxiety also mediates the effect of loneliness on regulatory emotional self-efficacy; and satisfaction with life and social interaction anxiety jointly serve as chain mediators in the relationship between loneliness and regulatory emotional self-efficacy. This study sheds light on the connection between loneliness and regulatory emotional self-efficacy, offering a theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving students' emotional regulation and overall well-being.