Phylogenetic analysis of Batrachospermaceae (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) based on plastid and mitochondrial genomes, with the description of two new species of different genera.

Abstract The Xiangshan volcanic basin in Jiangxi Province hosts China’s largest volcanic-related uranium deposit. The intermediate to felsic volcanic-intrusive complexes in the basin are the primary ore-bearing units and are central to studies of uranium mineralization. However, their formation mechanisms remain controversial. To address this, we integrate thermodynamic modeling with geochemical analyses of volcanic-intrusive complex samples to establish relationships between melt fraction, magma composition and bulk resistivity obtained from the electromagnetic imaging of the magma reservoir beneath Xiangshan basin. Our results demonstrate that the conductive feature of this magma chamber can be explained by saturated partial melt (~9 vol%) containing a volatile phase (~3 vol%) at 677°C. It suggested that the magma chamber is not a simple two-phase medium, as previous estimates, but rather a complex three-phase system comprising intermingled melt, crystals, and volatiles. Meanwhile, the volatile components are primarily attributed to mantle-derived CO₂ and F introduced during the evolution of the magmatic system, which indicate that the formation of Xiangshan felsic magma reservoirs likely involved contributions from mantle-derived materials. The identified volatiles in the magma system likely provide the direct carriers for the upward migration of uranium elements. Overall, this study provides novel geophysical constraints and petrogenetic evidence that help us understand the genesis of uranium-enriched volcanic-intrusive complexes and the trans-crustal migration of uranium elements in the Xiangshan uranium deposit.

Forest canopy water storage capacity is a critical component of ecohydrological research. However, because most current studies focus on the plot or stand scale, upscaling these fine-scale measurements to regional spatial scales remains a major challenge. Taking the forest in southern Jiangxi province as a case study, we integrated water immersion experiments, Handheld Laser Scanning (HLS), Unmanned Aerial Vehicle LiDAR (UAV-LiDAR), and optical remote sensing data to construct a spatial upscaling model. This model aims to quantify regional canopy water storage capacity and delineate its spatial patterns. The results indicate that: (1) the water storage capacity of branches and leaves per unit surface area of coniferous trees was significantly higher than that of broad-leaved trees, and the water storage capacity of branches was 6.0–10.7 times that of leaves. The mean canopy water storage capacities of coniferous forests, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, and broad-leaved forests were 1.41 ± 0.27 mm, 1.30 ± 0.45 mm, and 1.26 ± 0.36 mm, respectively. (2) The canopy water storage capacity was significantly positively correlated with canopy volume (VC) and average canopy area (AC) extracted from UAV-LiDAR data, and vegetation structure factors such as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and vegetation cover (FVC) extracted from optical remote sensing, and significantly negatively correlated with altitude and slope. Among them, canopy closure (C), average canopy area (AC), and altitude were key factors affecting canopy water storage capacity. (3) The upscaling prediction models based on UAV-LiDAR data and optical remote sensing factors, respectively, show reliable prediction performance, with R2 values of 0.884 and 0.815, RMSE of 0.951 and 0.116 mm, respectively. (4) The canopy water storage in the study area ranged from 0 to 1.76 mm, with a prediction uncertainty ranging from 0.12 to 0.49 mm. Canopy water storage is higher in the continuous middle and low mountain and hill areas within the region, while it is relatively lower in the high elevation ridge areas along the western, eastern, and southern margins. The results provide baseline structural information for understanding the spatial patterns of regional forest canopy interception potential.

This study adopts a qualitative research approach to explore how Wuyuan woodcarving functions as a form of informal cultural education through which self-identity is learned and constructed. Focusing on both artistic expression and cultural meaning, the research draws on fieldwork conducted in Wuyuan, Jiangxi Province, incorporating on-site observation, in-depth interviews, and informal conversations with artisans, local residents, and scholars, complemented by relevant literature analysis. The findings indicate that Wuyuan woodcarving possesses distinctive aesthetic characteristics, including symbolic motifs, refined line work, and integrated architectural elements, which differentiate it from other regional woodcarving traditions and contribute to a recognizable artistic identity. At the cultural level, the development and transmission of Wuyuan woodcarving have been shaped by the historical influence of Huizhou merchants, the ethical framework of Confucian thought, and long-standing family-based apprenticeship practices, enabling cultural values and social meanings to be conveyed across generations. By examining Wuyuan woodcarving as a learning process embedded in everyday life rather than solely as an artistic product, this study offers a new perspective on the relationship between traditional art and self-identity formation. The research contributes to discussions in education and learning by highlighting the pedagogical value of traditional artistic practices in sustaining cultural identity and supporting heritage preservation in contemporary society.

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium, designated strain JX24T, was isolated from cornfield soil in Jiangxi Province, China. Growth was observed at 20-50°C (optimum 37°C), pH 6.0-10.0 (optimum pH 8.0) and salinity of 0-8.0% (w/v; optimum 2.0%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JX24T belongs to the genus Metabacillus and exhibits the highest sequence similarity to Metabacillus indicus LMG 22858T (99.9%) and Metabacillus idriensis SMC 4352-2T (98.2%). The draft genome of strain JX24T was approximately 4.2Mb with a 44.3% G + C content. The average nucleotide identity values between JX24T and the most closely related type strains M. indicus LMG 22858T and M. idriensis SMC 4352-2T were 93.1% and 77.2%, respectively, and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between them were 50.8% and 21.1%, respectively. The predominant fatty acids (≥ 5% of the total) of strain JX24T were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, iso-C17:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids of strain JX24T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified glycolipids, phospholipid and aminophosphoglycolipid. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic evidence, strain JX24T represents a novel species in the genus Metabacillus, for which the name Metabacillus mesotrionivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JX24T (= GDMCC 1.4914T = KCTC 43837T = KACC 24116T). Furthermore, a NADPH-dependent nitroreductase MnrC, which efficiently transformed mesotrione to AMBA was identified in strain JX24T.

A Gram-stain-positive bacterium capable of producing siderophore and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), designated strain H7T, was isolated from soil of grassland in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. Cells were rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming and motile by peritrichous flagella. Cells grow at 15-42°C (optimum, 30°C), pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 7) and with 0-10% NaCl (w/v; optimum, 2%). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain H7T belonged to the genus Brevibacillus and was most related to B. brevis NBRC 15304T (96.7%), B. fortis NRRL NRS-1210T (96.7%), B. formosus DSM 9885T (96.6%), and B. porteri NRRL B-41110T (96.6%). Phylogenetic tree based on genome and 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain H7T was clustered in the genus Brevibacillus but formed a separate clade. The genome size of H7T was 4.05Mb. The nucleotide identity (ANI) value and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) between the genomes of strain H7T and the closely related type strains ranged from 71.2 to 73.1% and 14.9-20.5%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids (≥ 5%) are anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, C16:1ω7calcohol, iso-C14:0 and iso-C15:0. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol (PG), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PME) and one unidentified lipid (UL). The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The DNA G + C content was 52.1%. Based on phylogenetic, genomic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain H7T (= MCCC 1K09426T= KCTC 43803T) was considered to represent a novel species of genus Brevibacillus which the name Brevibacillus soli sp. nov. is proposed.

In tourism, local authorities must conduct continuous assessments of tourist site landscapes by identifying and understanding landscape imagery variables, which are crucial for promoting sustainable tourism development (STD). However, assessments and decision-making remain difficult due to a lack of knowledge about the importance of each landscape imagery variable. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relative importance and weights of landscape imagery variables that promote STD in traditional villages. This study based its evaluation on images of two traditional Chinese villages. Ten experts from China were recruited to classify the images based on the variables and to rank the variables within each image according to their importance. Guided by the results of this evaluation, we developed an analytical hierarchy process to determine the weights of landscape imagery variables. The results showed that sense of place achieved the highest weight (W = 10), then aesthetics achieved the second highest weight (W = 7), indicating that the tourists’ emotions with cultural connection and attractiveness of landscape elements promote STD and attract visitors. In contrast, diversity, visibility, and accessibility variables achieved the lowest weight (W = 1), suggesting that diversity and significant visual or physical accessibility are not essential for STD. Overall, the study determined the relative weights of landscape imagery variables and optimisation for decision support to promote STD and attract visitors in traditional villages in China.

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is an important legume crop contributing to food and nutritional security. However, its systematic evaluation for yield and adaptability, particularly in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River region of China, remains insufficient. In this study, conducted in Jiangxi Province across two seasons (April and August 2024), a comprehensive analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model evaluated 139 Chinese cowpea accessions based on 18 agronomic traits. The evaluation showed coefficients of variation for 11 quantitative traits ranged from 5.18% to 49.42%, with single pod weight and pod length exhibiting the highest variation. Shannon–Wiener index analysis indicated pod width and SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) were the most diverse traits (H’ = 1.04 and 1.01). Based on the AHP model, 139 accessions were classified into four grades. Notably, Grade I accessions demonstrated high comprehensive scores, comprising three cultivars: ‘Changde Baipi Doujiao’, ‘Guilin Changjiangdou’, and ‘Guangrao Wuyuemang’. These exhibit promising performance under field conditions and high yield potential, making them worthy of further regional testing. Cluster and principal component analyses revealed natural groupings and variation patterns within the germplasm resources. This study provides a practical, preliminary decision-support tool for yield and field adaptation evaluation.

The Influenza B virus (IBV), which accounts for nearly a quarter of annual global influenza-associated morbidity, represents a major human respiratory pathogen. Since late 2019, IBV transmission patterns have shifted markedly following the emergence of COVID-19, yet systematic studies on IBV prevalence before and after the pandemic remain limited. We conducted systematic surveillance of 66 IBV isolates collected from Guangzhou during 2022-2023. Phylogenetic analysis of HA/NA genes was complemented with evolutionary rate estimation, hemagglutination inhibition assays, antigenic cartography, and structural modeling of hemagglutinin variants. We revealed the distinct epidemic trends of IBVs in Southern China: clade V1A.3a.1/V1A.3a.2 co-circulated in 2022-2023 influenza season, while complete replacement of V1A.3a.1 by V1A.3a.2 in 2023-2024 season, which was driven by a 1.36-fold increase in the evolutionary rate of the HA gene (1.632 × 10-3, P < 0.05) post-NPIs. Spatially, discrete Bayesian phylogeographic analysis confirmed that Jiangxi Province acted as the core upstream hub of the nationwide transmission of V1A.3a.1, which persisted endemically from Jiangxi in 2020 to six adjacent provinces in 2021 before its final extinction in China. Notably, cross-reactive HI and quantitative antigenic cartography elucidated antigenic divergence between V1A.3a.1 and V1A.3a.2 subclades, and revealed that the complete displacement of V1A.3a.1 by V1A.3a.2 was mediated by the broadened antigenic recognition of 2023 V1A.3a.2 isolates. Structural modeling revealed L144P in the 150-loop may be the primary driver of antigenic divergence, inducing conformational rearrangement in residues 146-148. This study elucidates the unique evolutionary and epidemic patterns of IBV in the subtropical region of southern China after the relaxation of COVID-19 NPIs, deciphers the molecular mechanism of clade replacement and antigenic diversification of the Victoria lineage V1A.3a subclade, and validates the sustained effectiveness of the WHO 2022 influenza B vaccine strain update in southern China. Our findings fill the gap in systematic surveillance of IBV in subtropical sentinel regions, identify Guangzhou as a key monitoring site for IBV evolutionary dynamics, and provide critical molecular and antigenic evidence for the optimization of regional influenza surveillance systems and vaccine strain selection strategies.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of levosimendan in acute heart failure (AHF) patients with different body mass index (BMI) using real-world data. Methods This retrospective study enrolled 2,398 AHF patients hospitalized at 14 provincial, municipal, and county-level hospitals in Jiangxi Province from March 1, 2023, to March 1, 2025. After excluding 828 cases due to missing data and 60 cases with BMI &amp;lt; 18.5 kg/m 2 , a total of 1,530 patients were included. Patients treated with levosimendan were categorized into three groups: normal weight group (18.5 ≤ BMI &amp;lt; 24, n = 535), overweight group (24 ≤ BMI &amp;lt; 28, n = 510), and obese group (BMI ≥ 28, n = 485). To assess the efficacy and safety of levosimendan in real-world AHF patients overall and across BMI groups, comparisons were made before and 7 days after treatment regarding heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), NT-proBNP levels, cardiac function classification, respiratory symptoms, pulmonary rales, and adverse reactions. Results After 7 days of levosimendan treatment, patients showed significant reductions in SBP and DBP compared to pre-treatment levels ( P &amp;lt; 0.01). LVEF significantly increased ( P &amp;lt; 0.01), and NT-proBNP levels significantly decreased ( P &amp;lt; 0.01). Serum creatinine levels also significantly decreased ( P &amp;lt; 0.01). Significant improvements were observed in cardiac function classification, respiratory symptoms, and pulmonary rales (all P &amp;lt; 0.01). No significant changes were found in heart rate, serum potassium, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (all P &amp;gt; 0.05). Baseline NT-proBNP levels differed significantly among the three groups (normal &amp;gt; overweight &amp;gt; obese, P &amp;lt; 0.01), a pattern that persisted after 7 days of treatment ( P &amp;lt; 0.01). However, there were no significant differences among the groups in the magnitude of NT-proBNP reduction or the proportion of patients achieving a ≥ 30% reduction in NT-proBNP ( P &amp;gt; 0.05). Compared to the normal weight group, the overweight and obese groups showed significantly greater increases in LVEF after treatment ( P &amp;lt; 0.01), with the obese group showing a significantly greater increase than the overweight group ( P &amp;lt; 0.01). The rates of improvement in cardiac function classification and respiratory symptoms were significantly higher in the overweight and obese groups compared to the normal weight group ( P &amp;lt; 0.01). Although the obese group had slightly higher improvement rates than the overweight group, the difference was not statistically significant ( P &amp;gt; 0.05). The incidence of hypotension was significantly lower in the overweight and obese groups compared to the normal weight group ( P &amp;lt; 0.01). The total incidence of adverse reactions was also significantly lower in the overweight and obese groups ( P &amp;lt; 0.01). Hospital length of stay was significantly shorter in the overweight and obese groups compared to the normal weight group ( P &amp;lt; 0.05). There were no significant differences among the three groups in heart rate, SBP, DBP, pulmonary rales, serum potassium, ALT, AST, serum creatinine, or other adverse reactions after 7 days of treatment (all P &amp;gt; 0.05). Conclusions 1. In patients with acute heart failure, levosimendan administration was associated with a decreasing trend in plasma NT-proBNP levels, an improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction, and alleviation of cardiac functional impairment and respiratory symptoms. Favorable safety profiles were generally observed during the treatment period. 2. Body mass index showed a negative correlation with NT-proBNP levels, suggesting that patients with higher BMI tend to have relatively lower baseline NT-proBNP levels. 3. In acute heart failure patients stratified by body mass index, levosimendan treatment exhibited between-group variations in clinical parameter improvements and safety profiles. Overweight and obese subgroups demonstrated a tendency toward more pronounced clinical improvement and fewer reported adverse events.

Understanding how landscape features influence gene flow in natural populations is a central goal of landscape genetics. In this study, we evaluated the status of multiple populations of Camellia chekiangoleosa —a provincially protected plant in Jiangxi Province with significant ecological and economic value—in the Laohunao Nature Reserve. We then performed an analysis of their genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure to inform the development of science-based conservation strategies. The findings indicated that the genetic diversity of C. chekiangoleosa was on par with that of the majority of other species within the genus. Sub-populations exhibit a certain degree of genetic differentiation ( F ST =0.065). The application of STRUCTURE and principal component analysis (PCA) unveiled a distinct pattern of geographical clustering across the 9 sub-populations. Multiple matrix regression with randomization (MMRR) revealed that both environmental isolation and geographical isolation have wielded a pronounced impact on genetic distance. The MEMGENE analysis further discerned spatial genetic structure, which was influenced by the ridges and valleys that demarcate Mount Ruozhushan (RZS), Mount Zhushan (ZS), and Mount Shitoushan (STS). Mountain ridges exerted a more pronounced influence on genetic differentiation compared to valleys. In summary, this study underscores that topographic features play a pivotal role in shaping the spatial genetic structure of C. chekiangoleosa .

The global climate crisis, which has severely damaged economies and led to migration of millions of people worldwide as a result of typhoons, tsunamis and others environmental changes and disasters, requires increased urban sustainability in decision-making and preparedness for various human mobility strategies. Despite extensive research in the field of emergency evacuation, few publications are devoted to fuzzy conditions. However, many of the attributes inherent in emergency modeling are fuzzy and uncertain by nature. Thus, we account for the necessity of evacuation as a human mobility strategy under intuitionistic fuzzy conditions, which allow experts to express hesitation when evaluating criteria. We have developed a hybrid intuitionistic fuzzy method to find the best evacuation strategy in an uncertain environment. To verify the results, we applied our method to one of the eastern regions of China, Jiangxi Province, in the event of Typhoon Maria to define the necessity of evacuation based on seven criteria. Necessity of evacuation is expressed by five response alternatives: no evacuation, alertness, recommended evacuation, mild evacuation, urgent evacuation. According to the algorithm the most desirable strategy in this situation is alertness, which means preparedness for evacuation. The results obtained demonstrate superiority of the proposed hybrid method in comparison with other intuitionistic fuzzy approaches.

Preschool is a sensitive period for the formation of creative personality, yet little is known about how everyday family routines contribute to preschoolers' creative personality or through which psychological mechanisms these effects occur. Using classroom‑cluster sampling, 664 preschool children aged 3-6 years and their parents from kindergartens in Jiangxi Province participated. Parents completed three validated questionnaires: the Chinese Family Routines Scale, the Autonomy of Children Scale, and the Creative Personality subscale of the Creativity Assessment Packet. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations were computed, followed by structural equation modeling and bias‑corrected bootstrap mediation analyses. Positive family routines were significantly and positively correlated with autonomy (r = .335, p < .001) and creative personality (r = .339, p < .001), and autonomy was positively correlated with creative personality (r = .347, p < .001). Positive family routines significantly predicted creative personality (γ = 0.412, p < .001) and autonomy (γ = 0.505, p < .001), and autonomy significantly predicted creative personality (γ = 0.433, p < .001). Autonomy partially mediated the association between positive family routines and creative personality, accounting for 53.16% of the total effect. Positive, structured, and emotionally supportive family routines are positively associated with preschoolers' creative personality, both directly and indirectly through higher autonomy, highlighting autonomy‑supportive family environments as a key target for early interventions to foster creative development.

Genesis and enrichment mechanism of lithium-rich brine in the Jitai Basin, Jiangxi Province, southeastern China

A multiscale convolutional autoencoder for fusing element concentrations and key geological information for geochemical anomaly recognition

Origin of the unique volcanic-related uranium-phosphate mineralization in Shengyuan uranium ore field, South China: Constraints from zircon Hf-O isotopes, mineral chemistry and sulfur isotope

ABSTRACT Collective action is increasingly recognized as a critical yet understudied mechanism for achieving equity and sustainability in Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) programs. This study investigates how village-level collective participation shapes income growth and income inequality among farm households under China’s Grain for Green Program (GFGP), one of the world’s largest ecological restoration initiatives. Using household survey data from 1050 households across 30 counties in Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Shaanxi provinces, this study employs OLS and mediation models to quantify the direct and indirect impacts of collective action participation. The results reveal that collective participation significantly enhances household income and mitigates inequality, particularly benefiting households with slower income growth. These effects operate partly through increased income from retired land, while policy information remains an important factor impacting experienced inequality. However, the redistributive role of collective action varies with local development levels, being most evident in counties with initially less-developed conditions. By examining participation in collective arrangements as a redistributive institutional mechanism, this study extends PES theory beyond individual incentive models and provides practical insights for integrating local collective governance into national ecological compensation policies.

With the comprehensive advancement of China's rural revitalization strategy, the protection and development of traditional villages are confronted with both new opportunities and challenges. As the core carrier of a village's material and spiritual life, the enhancement of public cultural space quality holds profound significance for sustaining rural cultural context and invigorating rural vitality. It took Yantai Village in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province as the research subject, expounding on the value and significance of public cultural space design in traditional villages. Subsequently, through field investigations, an in-depth analysis was conducted on the current issues of Yantai Village's entrance square. Finally, drawing on the design practice of the ancient village's entrance square, a renovation scheme was proposed with the objectives of "cultural regeneration, spatial activation, and industrial empowerment", aiming to provide a practical reference model for the renewal of public spaces in homogeneous traditional villages.

HRMARS - This study investigates the expressive potential of piano techniques and their influence on emotional resonance within classical performance, with a specific focus on Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China. While Western classical music is deeply rooted in emotional expression, traditional Chinese music emphasizes subtlety and spiritual reflection. This cultural divergence presents challenges for Chinese piano students and educators in harmonizing Western techniques with local sensibilities. By integrating theoretical frameworks such as Dalcroze Eurhythmics, Meyer’s Theory of Emotion and Meaning in Music, and Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions, the research examines how piano techniques—dynamics, tempo, articulation—impact emotional expression and how cultural factors mediate this effect. A mixed-methods approach combines surveys, interviews, observational studies, and performance analysis to explore the perceptions and experiences of students, educators, and audiences. Participants include professional pianists, music educators, students, cultural scholars, and general listeners. The study also addresses gaps in current research, including the integration of emotional expression into piano pedagogy, cultural variations in audience perception, and the role of innovative technologies in teaching. Findings aim to provide actionable insights for developing culturally adaptive piano teaching strategies that balance technical mastery with emotional depth, fostering greater engagement and retention among students. This research contributes to the broader discourse on music education, emphasizing the interplay between technical skill, emotional communication, and cultural identity. By addressing these dimensions, the study aspires to enhance the emotional impact of piano performances, enrich pedagogical practices, and deepen understanding of the role of culture in shaping musical expression.

Introduction Amid global economic shifts and rural decline, promoting rural industrial integration has become a core strategy for China’s Rural Revitalization and sustainable farmers’ income growth. However, existing studies mostly focus on macro-policy interpretation or case descriptions, lacking mechanism testing and heterogeneity analysis based on large-sample county-level data. Jiangxi Province, a typical agricultural province with distinctive terrain and urgent rural industrial revitalization needs, provides an ideal empirical context. This study aims to systematically explore the impact, transmission mechanisms, and heterogeneous characteristics of rural industrial integration on farmers’ income. Methods Using panel data from 95 counties in Jiangxi Province during 2014–2023, we constructed a Rural Industrial Integration Index (RIII) covering four dimensions: chain extension, multi-functionality expansion, multiformat integration, and technology penetration. A combination of two-way fixed effects models, mediating effect models, and full quantile regression methods was employed to conduct empirical analysis. Results The RIII exerts a significantly positive effect on farmers’ income: every 1% increase in the RIII leads to a 3.1–3.3% growth in rural residents’ Per Capita Disposable Income (PCDI). Non-agricultural employment serves as a key transmission mechanism, with its mediating effect contributing 23.74% of the total effect. The income-increasing effect exhibits notable heterogeneity, being more pronounced in middle-low income counties, hilly terrain areas, and central Jiangxi regions. Discussion This study enriches agricultural economics theories by verifying the causal relationship between rural industrial integration and farmers’ income. The findings provide empirical evidence for formulating regionally differentiated rural industrial integration policies, offering critical decision-making insights for boosting farmers’ income growth and advancing rural revitalization strategies in Jiangxi and similar agricultural regions.