Socio-Cultural Barriers and Facilitators for Breastfeeding: A Qualitative Study of Parents and Health Care Providers in a Small Canadian City.

Adolescents with special health care needs (ASHCNs) must develop self-management skills to effectively transition into adult-based care. This requires having the self-efficacy to meet with their health care provider independent of caregivers. This study aims to identify the factors associated with self-efficacy in meeting with a provider alone among ASHCN preparing for this transition.Eighty-three English-speaking 18-year olds with renal, gastrointestinal, neurologic, or rheumatologic diseases, and their English- or Spanish-speaking caregivers were recruited at a large children's hospital, and completed a one-time assessment as the historical control group for a larger intervention study. The main outcome measure was self-efficacy to meet with their health care provider alone. Factors evaluated for their independent association with self-efficacy using linear regression included Self-Determination Theory constructs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness); importance of meeting with their provider alone; and whether they had met with their provider alone in the past 12 months.Seventy-percent of ASHCN had met alone with their provider in the last 12 months. Female gender, perceived competence, perceived provider support for autonomy, and having met with their provider alone in the last 12 months were associated with self-efficacy in meeting with their provider alone.ASHCNs who feel competent in managing their health and who perceive their providers as supporting their self-management autonomy also feel the most efficacious in meeting with their provider alone. Pediatric providers can help prepare ASHCN for transition by meeting with them alone.

Despite their increased risk for functional impairment resulting from cancer and its treatments, few adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with a hematological malignancy receive the recommended or therapeutic dose of exercise per week during inpatient hospitalizations. Physical therapy (PT) plays a critical role in promoting and supporting exercise in the hospital setting; however, little is known about the factors that influence AYA engagement in PT. This qualitative study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to inpatient PT through the perspectives of AYAs and healthcare providers. AYAs with cancer (n = 14) and healthcare providers (n = 9) were recruited at a pediatric academic medical center. Participants completed a semi-structured interview assessing barriers and facilitators to inpatient PT adherence. Interviews were video/audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded. Codes and themes were developed iteratively using reflexive thematic analysis. AYAs (15-29years, M = 18.95, SD = 3.68) and healthcare providers discussed four primary themes affecting inpatient PT engagement. The themes suggested that social support from family and friends, AYAs' individual goals, and individualized PT programs improved motivation to participate. In contrast, treatment side effects and treatment demands limited AYA inpatient PT engagement. AYA engagement and motivation for inpatient PT vary with the individual's circumstances, goals, health, and social support. Evidence-based behavior change techniques may support future intervention efforts in addressing barriers specific to inpatient PT adherence in AYAs with hematological malignancies.

There is limited research on women's perception of risk regarding pregnancy after caesarean. Interpregnancy interval alters risk in the next pregnancy and birth following a caesarean. Interpregnancy interval is a potentially modifiable risk that health care providers need to consider when counselling women about future pregnancy plans. What is women's experience of decision making regarding interpregnancy interval after caesarean birth? Twelve women participated in in-depth interviews; these were analysed thematically assisted by the use of NViVO software. The overarching theme identified was "Finding my way through the confusion to make informed decisions". Women are receiving confusing biased information delivered at varying time points. This is not meeting women's information needs leading them to seek knowledge through other sources, including online peers, to make sense of the confusion. They gather their own knowledge in order to advocate for themselves, make pregnancy spacing decisions that fit with their expectations and maximise the chances of having the birth they want. Consistent evidence based information is lacking in the current maternity care environment regarding interpregnancy interval. This creates barriers to making informed decisions for next pregnancy and birth planning. Women are looking for evidence based information to make individualised decisions. This requires women to seek knowledge outside of the maternity care system to empower themselves to navigate the system and make decisions rather than following prescriptive directives. There is a need to provide evidence based pregnancy planning resources to women that facilitate informed shared decision making.

Maternal and Fetal Outcomes Among Pregnant Women Developing Pemphigoid Gestationis.

A Qualitative Exploration of How the Pregnancy and Postpartum Journey Was Shaped by the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned.

The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems, such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products (HTPs), is increasing, but knowledge of their short and long-term toxicological effects remains limited. Here, aerosols generated from an e-cigarette using a flavour-free e-liquid base, both with and without nicotine, an HTP, and a conventional cigarette were characterised for the production of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carbonyls and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Furthermore, extracts from vapour and smoke were generated, and their acute toxicity was assessed in human lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Cigarette smoke contained significantly more toxic compounds and induced the highest degree of toxicity in all the tested cell lines, followed by the HTP, and then the nicotine containing e-cigarette. Notably, the nicotine containing e-cigarette produced similar levels of formaldehyde as the HTP and cigarette smoke, and caused a greater decrease in cell viability in primary lung fibroblasts compared to the nicotine-free e-cigarette. Although the HTP aerosol contained lower levels of toxicants than cigarette smoke, some VOCs specific to HTPs were detected. More independent research is needed to identify toxicant-specific production in emerging nicotine delivery systems and their potential health impacts to better inform policy makers, health care providers and the general public.

Breast cancer genetics and risk assessment 101: What women's health care providers need to know.

The rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases, especially hypertension, presents a significant public health concern. Early detection and effective health promotion of hypertension remain challenging for healthcare providers. A co-design approach was used to engage stakeholders and consumers in exploring and developing a culturally appropriate intervention. This study aimed to co-design evidence-based resources with local key stakeholders, focusing on hypertension prevention for individuals with varying levels of literacy and addressing barriers to behaviour change in a rural Thai community. This study was guided by the Optimising Health Literacy and Access (Ophelia) framework, specifically steps 3 to 5, to codesign a hypertension prevention programme. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling, based on recommendations from the health service advisory group. A total of 13 individuals - comprising consumers, healthcare providers, and community leaders - were invited to participate in a codesign workshop. Data were analysed using descriptive and content analysis. Thirteen workshop participants generated action ideas using Problem-Tree Analysis and the Rose, Thorn, Bud technique. These ideas were then prioritised using an Impact-Effort Matrix to determine feasible next steps. Interventions identified in the "quick wins" (do now) quadrant were selected for further development. The final health literacy interventions included: (1) a community-based educational project on hypertension; (2) a blood pressure monitoring system for individuals with prehypertension; and (3) public relations activities to raise community awareness. Co-design approaches underpinned by the Ophelia framework enable the development of tailored, culturally appropriate health literacy interventions that improve health outcomes and access to services by addressing the diverse, real-world needs of rural communities. The co-design process involved engaging community leaders, health care providers, individuals with hypertension or prehypertension, and their family members throughout the research process.

Tailored communication strategies according to patient characteristics for older adults with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A cross-sectional study.

Incidence and influencing factors of medical adhesive-related skin injury in critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sources of Emotional Support Among Family Caregivers of Children With More Complex Special Health Care Needs.

Is Online Oriented-Centred Information About Dry Mouth Trustworthy? An Infodemiologic Study.

Effective science translation is essential during public health emergencies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, rapidly evolving research had to be translated to the public under challenging conditions. This review aimed to identify randomised trials of COVID-19 science translation strategies targeting the public and evaluated their effectiveness in improving psychological, behavioural and/or health outcomes. A literature search was done across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO in July 2023 and November 2024. Studies were screened and extracted according to PRISMA guidelines. Interventions reporting behavioural outcomes were coded using the Behaviour Change Technique (BCT) taxonomy and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to assess study quality. Of 345 records screened, 48 eligible studies were included. Most were online experiments testing message framing, with a smaller number conducted in applied settings such as health professional-delivered education. Significant positive effects were reported in most studies; 30 out of 40 studies with psychological outcomes (e.g. knowledge), 28 out of 40 studies with behavioural outcomes (e.g. intention to mask). Only one study measured a health outcome, with no significant effect. Effective features commonly included video and animation formats and messages from health experts and credible sources. The most frequent BCTs were 'information about health consequences' (33 studies) and 'credible source' (19 studies). Risk of bias was low in 42 studies. These findings highlight a diverse range of strategies that improved outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Better use of behavioural science taxonomies and core outcome sets could help researchers advance the field further during future emergencies. This review provides insights for a range of stakeholders involved in science translation during emergencies (i.e. scientists and researchers, healthcare providers, health communicators and government officials) and highlights areas requiring further investigation. CRD42023446093.

The digitisation of patient medical records through electronic medical records (EMRs) has significant implications for healthcare delivery. One key opportunity is enabling patients and families to actively engage with and contribute to their own health information. However, despite this potential, recent evidence shows that patient and family engagement with EMRs remains low. This study used a codesign approach to develop strategies aimed at enhancing patient and family involvement with the EMR. A two-part project was conducted comprising codesign and a qualitative feasibility and acceptability consultation. 1) Codesign was conducted in two Australian states with patients and carers, healthcare providers, health information specialists, and health system representatives. Online and in-person facilitation of codesign sessions employed synchronous and asynchronous workshops, and asynchronous prototyping to create and refine two prototype resources to promote engagement with EMRs. 2) Focus groups and interviews subsequently assessed the feasibility and acceptability of the codesigned strategies. In all, 47 consumers and 22 healthcare providers participated (n = 69); 31 in codesign and 38 in the feasibility study. Two resources were codesigned: the EngageEMR Consumer Information Video and the EngageEMR Infographic to provide information about EMRs for consumers. The EngageEMR Consumer Information Video provides visual, brief information about EMRs, their purpose and the ways in which consumers can interact with and use these systems in their care. The EngageEMR Infographic provides in-depth content about a range of aspects of EMRs and their distinction from other clinical information systems and services. Focus group and interview participants indicated the tools are valued and feasible for use. Accessible, consumer-facing information about the purpose of EMRs and opportunities for their use during care is limited. The codesigned strategies provide an opportunity for people accessing hospital care to better understand and utilise their health information. Using such tools may enhance safety and quality of care, particularly among populations who are at greater risk of low-quality care. Evaluative studies are required to determine the effectiveness of the resources for improving knowledge about EMRs, self-efficacy arising from their use, and their contribution to better quality care.

To map the current literature on interventions designed to enhance Family Centred Care (FCC) in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) and identify gaps in the existing literature. Following Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework, a comprehensive search was conducted on November 10th, 2023, and updated on the 20th May 2025. Four databases were searched: Medline via OVID, CINAHL via EBSCO-Host, OVID Embase and PROQUEST. Studies were included if they described interventions targeting FCC in NICUs. Two reviewers independently conducted the screening at both phases with conflicts resolved by a third reviewer. The review identified 31 studies outlining 26 interventions, categorised into four categories: Family centred care bundles; Educational interventions; Communication interventions; and Environmental interventions. Study participants included mothers, fathers, families, and healthcare workers, often restricted to specific languages and cultures. Most outcome measures predominantly reflected the perspectives of mothers and nurses. Many interventions were associated with improvement in family engagement and satisfaction. However, evidence was limited on long-term neonatal and parental outcomes and sustainability of the FCC practices. While some interventions, such as Family Integrated Care (FiCare) and The Close Collaboration Program, have been extensively studied, others have been examined only to a limited extent. This review investigated interventions to enhance FCC in the NICU. The findings highlighted a range of interventions designed to improve family experiences and neonatal outcomes. This review underscores the need for standardised implementation studies on FCC interventions in NICUs. While numerous interventions successfully increased parental involvement and positively influenced staff perspectives, their effectiveness often hinges on the implementation strategies employed, as well as the support from institutions and healthcare providers. Understanding FCC interventions implemented worldwide will broaden the application of FCC within the NICU. Further investigation into these interventions across various NICUs is necessary, involving diverse family members and healthcare professionals in assessing outcomes.

RSV vaccination uptake by the end of the 2024-25 respiratory virus season among adults aged 60-74years at increased risk of severe RSV and adults aged ≥75years.

Health belief and self-management behaviors in patients with stroke: The mediating role of time perspective.

Antidepressant (AD) discontinuation care asks for tailored support and alignment with patients' expectations, needs and wishes. However, studies on patients' experiences and perspectives regarding the contribution of the pharmacist to AD discontinuation care are limited. The aim was to gain a deeper understanding of patients' perspectives regarding guidance during AD discontinuation and patients' views on the contribution of the pharmacist. A qualitative, explorative study was conducted with 15 semistructured face-to-face and video call interviews. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years and current or past use of ADs. The audiotapes were transcribed verbatim, coded and analysed by two researchers. The following four themes were identified: (1) experiences with ad use and discontinuation, (2) attitudes and behaviour towards AD discontinuation, (3) expectations and perceptions towards AD discontinuation and (4) needs regarding AD discontinuation. False beliefs about ADs and past negative experiences with AD discontinuation shape beliefs of patients that amount to a reluctance to discontinue ADs. The most urgent needs of patients were timely receiving guidance, including clear and relevant information from accessible, knowledgeable and trustable healthcare providers (HCPs). Pharmacists' easy accessibility, pharmacotherapeutic knowledge, expertise and capabilities should be put to use, as they may help meeting patients' needs on AD discontinuation.

Musculoskeletal conditions, such as osteoarthritis and low back pain, are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Individuals often delay or avoid seeking healthcare due to personal, social, and systemic factors. Existing research on health-seeking behaviour is fragmented and lacks synthesis across diverse contexts and populations. This scoping review systematically maps the literature on health-seeking behaviour in adults with musculoskeletal conditions, highlighting knowledge gaps and generating insights for future research, clinical practice, and policy. A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Six electronic databases and relevant grey literature sources were systematically searched. Eligible studies focusing on adults with musculoskeletal conditions were screened and analysed using narrative synthesis. Findings were organised into thematic tables and illustrated through a conceptual framework. Twenty-three studies published between 2004 and 2025 were included, representing a diverse range of geographic and socioeconomic contexts. Five key themes were identified: Clinical and Functional Need; Socioeconomic and Environmental Context; Cultural and Social Context; Healthcare System and Provider Experiences; and Use of Alternative and Digital Care Options. This review identifies five key themes connecting clinical, socioeconomic, cultural, and systemic factors in adults with musculoskeletal conditions. Highlighting patient agency, it informs research, policy, and practice aimed at delivering more equitable and responsive musculoskeletal care.