Government Area Of Lagos State Research Articles

Geoenvironmental Assessment of the Impacts of Ewu-Elepe Dumpsite on Soil and Groundwater Resources at Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria

The environmental status of the municipal solid waste dumpsite at Ewu-Elepe, Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State was  investigated. A total of seventeen (17) samples consisting of twelve (12) soils, three (3) groundwater and two (2) leachate samples were  collected and analyzed for different parameters using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results revealed that in the  leachate samples, all the heavy metals, Cl- , COD, salinity, and conductivity contents showed significant increase. The physicochemical  results for the groundwater samples agreed with the international standards for drinking water, except for high cadmium content  (0.009mg/l) recorded in the groundwater sample W1 which exceeded the NSDWQ and WHO permissible limits of 0.003 and 0.005mg/l  respectively for drinking water, and high manganese content (0.09mg/l) recorded also in W1. The results of soil samples from the  dumpsite showed that the concentration of all the heavy metals, Zn (23.5mg/kg), Cu (10.8mg/kg), Cr (14.2mg/kg), Ni (3.47mg/kg) and Pb  (19.0mg/kg) fall below the Sediment Quality Criteria ISQG-Low level and the Lowest Effect Range of the New York Sediment Criteria  except for Cd (16.60mg/kg) which is even higher than the High Effect Range of both the New York sediment Criteria and the Sediment  Quality Criteria that the soil within the dumpsite have been moderately impacted is further demonstrated by the application of  environmentric parameters treatment such as Contamination Factor (CF), Geo-accumulation Index, Enrichment Factor (EF) and Ecological  Risk Factor Analyses. The results of the sediment quality assessment are good evidence to confirm that the soil of the  dumpsite is highly polluted with cadmium (Cd), and moderately contaminated with lead (Pb). This study reveals that the solid waste  dumpsite is affecting the natural quality of the ambient environment. Therefore, indiscriminate dumping of solid waste at the dumpsite   should be prohibited.

A census-based health facility assessment datasets for effective review of the Lagos State Health Scheme

This data note provides details of a research database containing 1,256 health facilities in the twenty (20) local government areas of Lagos State, Nigeria. The health facility assessment data was collected across eight domains namely: human resources, basic infrastructure, basic medical equipment and infection prevention, health services in health facilities, medical supplies and commodities, health insurance coverage, financial management system, and clinical governance. The purpose of this publication is to describe the technical approach and methodology adopted for external researchers who may be interested in using them.

Optimizing Residential Building Orientation for Sustainable Daylighting in the Tropics: A Case Study in Lagos, Nigeria

Daylighting is an essential aspect of sustainable building design as it reduces reliance on artificial lighting, improves energy efficiency, and promotes a healthier indoor environment. However, in the tropics, where excessive solar heat gain and intense sunlight prevail, designing residential buildings that maximise daylight while minimising heat gain relies heavily on correctly obtaining the building orientation. This study explores the challenges faced in achieving optimal residential building orientation in the tropics and proposes guidelines and tools for operationalising residential building orientation in Lagos State. A mixed-method approach was employed by combining field observations, subjective surveys, and physical measurements. The orientations of the sampled residential buildings were identified using field observation procedures. A total of 1,168 residential buildings were sampled across 20 Local Government Areas of Lagos State. The findings reveal variations in residential building orientations across the North and South zones of Lagos State, with the majority having a northwest/southeast orientation. The implications of these orientations on energy efficiency, thermal comfort, and daylighting are discussed. Recommendations were provided for each orientation, suggesting strategies to address potential issues and optimise daylighting. This study underscores the importance of considering building orientation for sustainable design practices in Lagos, Nigeria. By implementing the suggested building orientation guidelines, architects can achieve and enhance the visual comfort and energy efficiency of residential building occupants in Lagos State.

E-MARKETING OF PASTRY AND DOUGH PRODUCTS AND CONSUMERS’ SATISFACTION OF SERVICE QUALITY DELIVERY IN LAGOS STATE

The study determined e-marketing of pastry and dough products and customer satisfaction on Service Quality Delivery in Mainland Local Government Area of Lagos State. Four research questions guided the study. Descriptive survey design was adopted. Population for the study was 1,500 household members. Sample size for the study was 306 which comprised of household members in Mainland Local Government Area of Lagos State. Questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire was validated by three experts from the Home Economics Department, University of Lagos. Reliability of the instrument was determined through test-re-test method and a reliability co-efficient of 0.97 was obtained using spearman’s rank correlation method. Findings indicated that the pastry and dough products commonly purchased online included cakes, meat pies, fish pie, chin chin among others. The most commonly delivery method was the use of courier service. Findings also revealed that customers are satisfied with marketing vendors when food products ordered are delivered in good condition and when food products ordered are delivered timely. Results showed that the problem customers face in e-marketing of pastry and dough products delivery includes the delivering of product that are not of the same shape, size and quality with the particular products ordered. It was concluded that the right delivery method should be adopted to ensure that food product ordered are same as food products delivered. Among recommendations made were that e-marketing vendors should ensure that pastry and dough products ordered are same with products delivered.

Perception of Students on the Effectiveness of Pre-service Science Teachers in Junior Secondary Schools (a Case Study of Akoka and Shomolu Local Government Area of Lagos State)

Perception of Students on the Effectiveness of Pre-service Science Teachers in Junior Secondary Schools (a Case Study of Akoka and Shomolu Local Government Area of Lagos State)

Larvicidal potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Ocimum gratissimum leaf extracts against anopheles’ mosquito

Despite recent improvements in the methods used to eradicate and minimize mosquito populations, they still pose severe threats to human health. This study aimed to investigate the Larvicidal potentials of silver nanoparticles of Ocimum gratissimum on wild Anopheles larvae from Lagos. The plant used in this study was collected from the southeastern part of Nigeria, Ibite-Olo in Ezeagu Local Government Area of Enugu State. Wild Anopheles mosquito larvae were collected from a field at Kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria where resistant Anopheline populations have been reported in and around Lagos State were brought to the laboratory and kept under standard insectary conditions (25–29 ℃;78–82% relative humidity). Aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum was made and subsequently into the silver nanoparticles. A bioassay test was performed according to WHO guidelines, with six different concentrations to assess the larvicidal activity and values obtained were subjected to log prohibit regression analysis to obtain LC50 and values with 95% confidence limit. The results of the larvicidal activities of the silver nanoparticles of Ocimum gratissimum showed that the mortality rate was dose-dependent with the percentage mortality increasing at a direct proportional rate as with dose and time of exposure. Ocimum gratissimum gave LC50 at 0.5 ppm and LC95 at 2.5 ppm respectively. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles augmented the larvicidal activity of the silver nanoparticles of Ocimum gratissimum on wild Anopheles larvae from Lagos. Therefore, this study showed that the silver nanoparticles of Ocimum gratissimum have the potency to be used against an insecticide-resistant mosquito vector and are a suitable candidate for the development of novel natural insecticides.

Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Pregnant Women Towards Physical Exercise in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria

Introduction: Pregnancy is a good time to develop a healthy lifestyle in pregnant women which includes physical exercise. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of physical exercise among pregnant women in Agege local government area in Lagos state, Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey method was used; 400 pregnant women were recruited into the study using convenience sampling technique. A structured and validated questionnaire was designed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant women towards physical exercise was used to collect data. All the results were tested at 0.05 level of confidence. Results: The result showed that 36% of the pregnant women were between the age of 21-25 years and more than 35% were between 15-20 years, more than (71%) of the women have heard about physical exercise. Nevertheless, only 52% of the pregnant women engaged in physical exercise. Most (54.0%) of them actually prefer domestic activities over real physical exercise. The result suggests that women’s knowledge concerning physical exercise during pregnancy is reasonable and their attitude is positive; however, a large number do not practice physical exercise. Antenatal program may be tailored into introducing guided physical exercise and introduce pregnant women into guided models of fitting exercises for each trimester. Conclusion: Physical exercise in pregnancy is important to aid bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as objective to improve or maintain physical fitness. Physical activity and exercise promote health and longevity, and minimal adherence to current physical activity guidelines is associated with a significant 20-30% reduction in risk of all-cause mortality. Pregnancy leads to a reduced level of physical activity for most women, the activity level is often further reduced throughout pregnancy, and the pre-pregnancy exercise level is usually not regained six months after childbirth

Nutritional Knowledge and Cultural Food Beliefs on Dietary Practices of Pregnant Women

The paper assessed the nutritional knowledge and cultural food beliefs on dietary practices of pregnant women in Epe Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria. A descriptive research design was adopted for this study. The population of the study consisted of all registered pregnant women in seven (7) antenatal clinics in Epe Local Government Area of Lagos State. A sample size of 270 was drawn using proportionate sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, and the Chi-square test of association. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. The results showed a statistically significant relationship between knowledge of nutrition and dietary practices, χ2 (2) = 78.201, p<0.05. However, there was no statistically significant relationship between cultural food beliefs and dietary practices, χ2 (1) = 1.151, p>0.05. The finding also showed that cultural food beliefs do not influence the dietary practices of pregnant women. The study recommends that the government and health agencies should continuously train health workers on nutritional issues, particularly on how to enhance the nutritional knowledge of expectant pregnant women prior to conception. This will help potential mothers improve their dietary practices.

Assessment of Climate Change Variables Impact on Fishing Livelihood of some Fishing Communities in Badagry Local Government Area of Lagos, Nigeria

This study examined the impact of climate change variables on fishing livelihood in some communities in Badagry Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. It utilized a well-structured questionnaire that was distributed among the 306 respondents randomly to inquire into the demographic, fishing activities, perception on climate change and adaptation mechanism of respondents to climate change. It was found that 86.3% of the respondents were familiar with the climate change variables such as rainfall, windfall, drought etc. Also, 92.5%, and 85.8% of the respondents claimed to know that erratic rainfall and temperature respectively is due to climate change and affected their fishing activities. The perception of the respondents on the climate variability impact on the fishing activities has nothing to do with their gender at t (238) = -1.440, p = 0.151. A significant correlation was discovered in the perceived climate change variables and their effect on the fishing activities of the fisher folks in each of the communities (r =0.274; p<0.05). Perceived oscillation of unusual dry and wet season in the past few years was significant, c2 (1, N = 240) = 86.40, p<0.05 with the fishing activities and income. Lastly, Employment status, annual income and education share a non-significant relationship [F (2, 240) = 0.171, p=0.843] to swift adaptation to climate variable effects among the fish farmers. In conclusion, reduction in the fishing activities livelihood and income of the fisher folks in the communities has been ascribed to the effect of climate change variables.

Effects of sexual and gender-based violence on psycho-socio development of in-school adolescent girls in Alimosho local government area of Lagos, Nigeria

The study focused on the effect of sexual and gender-based violence on the psycho-socio development of in-school adolescents in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. One hundred randomly selected in-school Adolescents girls constitute the sample of the study. The study adopted descriptive survey method as a research design. Chi-square statistical method was used to analyze the data gathered from the respondents. The findings of the study indicated that sexual and gender-based violence have significant effects on the psychosocial development of in-school adolescent girls. Among others, it was recommended that all hands must be on deck to protect adolescent girls from being victims of these psychological threat and evil trend in our societies. The findings of this study will assist policy makers both in educational sector and society at large to come up with policies that will protect Adolescent male and female from being a victim of sexual and gender base violence

An Assessment of Parental Involvement on Public Secondary School Adolescents’ Academic Performance in Sciences, in Lagos State, Nigeria

The study examined the assessment of parental involvement on secondary school adolescents’ academic performance in sciences in senior secondary schools, in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State. In this study, some relevant and extensive literature were reviewed under relevant sub-headings. The descriptive research survey was used to assess the respondents’ opinions using the researcher-made questionnaire. The sample for the study was achieved through systematic sampling technique. In this study, 120 (one hundred and twenty) respondents were randomly selected and used as samples to represent the population of the study. A total of three (3) null hypotheses were formulated and tested in this study. Also, the independent t-test statistical tool was used to test and analyze the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The three hypotheses were tested and accepted to have significant importance on adolescents’ academic performance.

Barriers to acute management of diarrhea in the home setting: An explorative study of under-five caregivers in southwestern Nigeria

Objectives: Diarrhea remains the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years of age. Persistent mortality and poor outcomes despite available treatments such as oral rehydration salts (ORS) and zinc tablets are indicators of possible barriers to home management among under-five caregivers. This study was designed to explore the potential barriers encountered by under-five caregivers in providing home management for acute diarrhea within the first 24 hours of recognition. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was conducted among under-five caregivers attending Primary Health Centers in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Twelve under-five caregivers, who indicated in the larger cross-sectional study that they did not provide any form of home management for the child within the first 24 hours of recognizing diarrhea were interviewed. Interviews were recorded. Naturalized transcription, peer in vivo inductive coding, and debriefing w ere done. Th ematic a nalysis was c onducted and findings were presented as themes and subthemes. Results: Three themes emerged: (1) Waiting for natural stoppage of diarrhea, (2) perceived function of ORS/ zinc, and (3) disconnect between potential consequences of diarrhea and action taken. Subthemes include perceived cause and seriousness of diarrhea, misdiagnosis, misinformation on the functions of ORS/ zinc from health-care providers, and lack of awareness of potential consequences of untreated diarrhea. Conclusion: The study showed that the main barriers to providing adequate home management were caregivers’ perception of the cause and seriousness of diarrhea and the misinformation about the function of ORS and zinc therapy. Continuous and accurate education of under-five caregivers would improve the timely initiation of ORS/ zinc and correct home management of acute diarrhea.

The Effects of Sexual and Gender Based Violence on Psycho-Socio Development of In-School Adolescent Girls in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos, Nigeria

Purpose: The study focused on the effect of sexual and gender-based violence on the psycho-socio development of in-school adolescents in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. One hundred randomly selected in-school Adolescents girls constitute the sample of the study.
 Methodology: The study adopted descriptive survey method as a research design. Chi-square statistical method was used to analyze the data gathered from the respondents.
 Findings: The findings of the study indicated that sexual and gender based violence have significant effects on the psychosocial development of in-school adolescent girls.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Among others, it was recommended that all hands must be on deck to protect adolescent girls from being victims of these psychological threat and evil trend in our societies. The findings of this study will assist policy makers both in Educational sector and society at large to come up with policies that will protect Adolescent male and female from being a victim of sexual and gender base violence

An assessment of the effects of deforestation on biodiversity in OJO local government area of Lagos State, Nigeria

This study assessed the impact of deforestation on biodiversity in the Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Three hundred respondents were randomly selected from ten communities of the local government. Primary data were collected with a structured questionnaire in order to address the objectives of the study. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data collected. Respondents in the study area affirmed that there is deforestation activity in the local government and at a high rate. The study revealed that poverty is the major driver of deforestation in the study area, followed by urbanization and industrialization, while education level is the least factor responsible for deforestation. It was also uncovered that deforestation aids displacement and loss of plant and animal species from their natural habitats. It also leads to the loss of indigenous people’s homeland, contributes to erosion and infertility, and results in the loss of plants and animal species used for research, economic, and medicinal purposes. Chi-square analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between deforestation and displacement of both plants and animal species in the study area. Considering the high rate and effects of deforestation in the study area, it was then recommended that the elected chairman of Ojo Local Government in partnership with various community leaders of the study halt deforestation activity for five to ten years, for the forest to rebound. Raise awareness among the people about the impact of their actions on the forest and initiate comprehensive tree-planting programs with stringent monitoring.

Consumer Preference for Local and Imported Rice in Ifako- Ijaiye Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria

This study analyzed consumer preference for local and imported rice in Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. It specifically described the socio economic characteristics of the respondents, identified the varieties of local and imported rice available in the study area, identified respondents’ rice preferences and variables affecting consumer choices in the study area. The study also identified limiting factors to the consumption of imported and local rice in the study area. Population of the study comprises of households in the study area. Three hundred and sixty respondents were selected using the two-stage sampling technique. Primary data were collected using copies of structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics and logit regression analytical tools. Results of the analyses revealed that majority of households in the study area are male-headed with average age of 40.73 years, 65.83% were married with average household size of 5 persons. Ofada rice was the most available local rice while Mama gold brand was the most available imported rice in the area. Exactly 36.67% of sampled household preferred imported rice while 63.33% preferred local rice. Major constraints to imported and local rice consumption were high price and presence of stones/debris respectively. The factors influencing preference status of respondents were marital status, price (affordability), rice availability, taste, and absence of stones/debris. The study concluded that the local rice is more preferred in the study area than the imported rice. Based on the finding that price (affordability) and availability are important variables influencing preference status of respondents, this study recommends that the government should see to it that local rice is within the reach of consumers by investing in the production and processing of local rice and making credit available to rice farmers and processors. In addition, bas

Assessment Of Heavy Metals Concentration In Well Water In Surulere Local Government Area Of Lagos State

This study examined the level of heavy metals concentration in the well water of Surulere local government area. The concentration was determined using an absorption spectrophotometer. The concentration of Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Zinc (Zn) was determined using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The heavy metals [lead, Cadmium and Zinc] concentration of well water from the sampling site was found below the world health organization’s (WHO) recommended limit. The concentration of Cd was below the detection limit in some areas. It was recommended that the general public should be educated and enlightened on the health hazard involved in the consumption of contaminated water and there should be consistent monitoring of groundwater bodies in Lagos state.

Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence and Efficacy of Audit Practice in Nigeria

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become increasingly popular globally as a crucial tool for auditing financial statements, but in Nigeria, the adoption and use of AI tools by auditors is still in its early stages. Attention has been primarily focused on the Big 4 accounting firms, with little attention given to small-scale audit practitioners in Nigeria. This study seeks to examine the impact of AI on audit practice in Nigeria by employing a survey research design. The population of this study comprises 89 accounting firms operating in the Ikeja Local Government area of Lagos State, with a sample size of 62 firms selected using purposive sampling. Data was collected through a well-structured questionnaire, and the reliability of the research instrument was confirmed with a Cronbach Alpha test result of an average of 70%. Descriptive analysis and regression analysis were used to analyze the data, and the results indicated that data mining, machine learning, and image recognition exhibited a significant positive relationship with audit practice in Nigeria. The study concluded that the use of AI will enable auditors to predict future trends and make more informed decisions that focus on improving audit practice. The study recommended constant training of accountants and audit personnel on the use of data mining techniques to improve audit practice, investment in machine learning tools by audit firms in Nigeria, and increased use of image recognition to assist in object classification.

Assessment of Teachers Content Knowledge and Its Effect on Teaching Financial Accounting in Some Selected Secondary Senior Schools in Lagos State

The study investigated assessment of teachers’ content knowledge and its effect on teaching Financial Accounting in some selected Secondary schools in Lagos State. Financial accounting goes beyond recording and keeping of business transactions. Teachers’ content knowledge is key in utilizing instructional materials in the most creative way, for reliably assessing students’ progress and for determining the most operative sequence for the subject’s presentation. The study adopted a descriptive research survey design. Three specific purposes and three research questions guided the study. The population consist of all Senior Secondary Schools in Shomolu Local Government Area of Lagos State, while three senior secondary schools were randomly selected for the study. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection which totaled 75 respondents. Based on the findings, it was concluded that teachers’ content knowledge affects student’s achievement in Financial Accounting. Recommendations were made that government bodies such as Ministry of Education and other agencies should organize workshops and conferences aimed at improving teacher content knowledge for enhancing better performances of student’s in Financial Accounting

Public Health Risks Assessment of Bioaerosols from Different Locations in Bariga Metropolis of Shomolu Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria

The increasing human populations and their daily activities have contributed to bioaerosols generation in Bariga, leading to air pollution with consequent public health threats to exposed individuals. This study aimed to assess public health risks associated with bioaerosols generated from outdoor activities in Bariga community, Shomolu Local Government Area of Lagos State. An analytical observational study design based on the measurement of meteorological parameters in the field and laboratory analysis of bioaerosol particles collected from the study population using a handheld Kestrel 3000 weather meter and standard microbiological procedures, respectively, was adopted. Four hundred (400) samples of bioaerosol particles obtained by the Taro Yamani formula at a 5% level of precision were analyzed. Passive air monitoring using Koch’s sedimentation method was employed for total viable counts, while microbial isolates were identified using cultural, morphological, and biochemical characterization. The variation in environmental parameters obtained was largely dependent on time and seasons, with a consequent adverse effect on the presence and movement of bioaerosol particles in the atmosphere. Microbial populations varied in densely and less-densely populated study areas. The study identified Bariga as a high-risk area with CFU above 102 –104 CFU/m3, thus capable of causing bioaerosols-related diseases. A total of twelve (12) bacterial and six (6) fungal genera were isolated, with Gram-positive bacteria having a prevalence rate of 87.02% and Gram-negative bacteria at 12.99%. The predominant fungi, on the other hand, were 87.94% mold and 12.06% yeast. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 significance level showed a significant correlation (F-ratio ˃ F-critical value) (p=0.05) between exposure to bioaerosol particles and associated health risks in the exposed individuals. We recommend that Lagos State Government should intensify efforts to reduce the public health effect of bioaerosols through policies, structural planning, development, and education on environmentally friendly activities and personal hygiene

Echocardiographic reference z scores of right ventricular dimension and systolic function of children aged 5-12 years.

Reference values for right ventricular dimension and systolic function in Nigerian children are scarce despite their high burden of right ventricular abnormalities. Reference values from other countries may not be suitable for use in Nigerian children because of possible racial variations in cardiac size. To develop reference values for right ventricular dimension and systolic function in healthy Nigerian children aged 5-12 years. This descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between July and November 2019 included 480 healthy boys and girls aged 5-12 years. The participants were randomly selected from 6 primary schools in the Ikeja Local Government area of Lagos State and their weights and heights measured. Body mass index and body surface area were calculated. Echocardiography was performed at rest in the left lateral position. The right ventricular end-diastolic basal diameter (RVD1), right ventricular end-diastolic mid-cavity diameter (RVD2), and right ventricular end-diastolic length (RVD3) were obtained. The right ventricular end-diastolic basal diameter (RVD1), right ventricular end-diastolic mid-cavity diameter (RVD2), and right ventricular end-diastolic length (RVD3) were obtained, as well as tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and tissue Doppler-derived right ventricular systolic excursion velocity (S'). The overall mean±standard deviation (SD) values for RVD1, RVD2, RVD3, TAPSE, and S' were 32.95±4.2, 25.86±3.5, 54.57±7.5, 20.11±2.3, and 18.24±2.2, respectively. Age- and sex-specific mean and SD values of the same cardiac indices were determined. Z score charts and the mean± 2SD right ventricular dimensions and systolic function were generated. All right ventricular dimensions were positively correlated with weight, height, body surface area, and body mass index. Only height correlated consistently with TAPSE and S'. The observed mean right ventricular dimension indices differed from those derived elsewhere, suggesting that values from other countries may be inappropriate for Nigerian children. These reference values are applicable in daily clinical practice.